推断英语

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推理判断题专练(一)——细节推断类

`A

[2019·安徽省百所重点中学模拟]I'vebeenavolunteerintheMacmillan@Glasgow

volvedbecauIwaslookingfor

htbeingaMacmillan

CancerInformationandSupportVolunteermightbeagoodwaytodothatbyusingsome

oftheskillsIlearnedatwork.

Atonetime,IfeltImadearealdifferencewhenaladycameintou

veryupt,er

,togetherwithacounlor,hada

chatabouthertohelpdealwithalltheemotions(情感)wecould

arrangesomething,

wasrelievedthatwecouldgetsomethingarrangedforherandlikedthefactthat

wemanagedtogettheballrollingduringhervisit.

Thegoodthingabouthavingthervicesinthelibraryisthatthe

environmentisnon­clinicalandthereforemorerelaxingthanthehospitalor

doctor'answe

donotubigwordsormedicaltermsveryoften.

It'sgreatthatthepeoplewhovolunteerallworkwelltogether,helping

eachothertogetaresolution(解决)'sgoodto

havetheteamattheotherendofthephonewheneverwegetsomethingunusual.

Itisapleasuretobeabletohelpasavolunteer.

体裁：夹叙夹议文题材：个人经历主题：志愿者工作

【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在本文中记叙了自己作为一名志愿者的经

历。作者退休后，利用自己的技能去帮助那些需要帮助的人，并从中得到了快乐。

【短语积累】gettheballrolling开始某事；继续某事

HewillgotoEuropenextweektogettheballrollingagainonpeacetalks.

他下周将前往欧洲，开始重启和谈。

1．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?

A．Heisaretireddoctor.

B．Heisvolunteeringinahospital.

C．Heisacounlorincancer.

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D．Hehasfoughtagainstcancerbefore.

答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第一段的内容我们可以知道，作者现在已经退休，

而且有医学方面的技能；结合第三段的内容，我们可以推测，作者是一名退休医生，故选A

项。

2．Whydidtheladyfeelupt?

A．Becaushewasaffectedbycancer.

B．Becauherhusbandsufferedfromcancer.

C．Becaushedidn'tknowhowtotreatcancer.

D．Becaushehadapoorrelationwithherhusband.

答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Shewasveryupt,butshewasnot

erpartner”和“wediscusdwithherwhatcouldbe

doneforherfamily”可知，这位女士的丈夫得了癌症。注意：此处的“partner”表示“配

偶”，故选B项。

3．Whatdoweknowaboutthevolunteers?

A．Theydowellinteamwork.

B．Theyreceivemedicaltraining.

C．Theyalludtobehelped.

D．Theyoftenmeetunusualthings.

答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据最后一段的首句“It'sgreatthatthepeoplewho

volunteerallworkwelltogether,helpingeachothertogetaresolution(解决)for

peoplewhocomein”可知，所有的志愿者都能很好地共同工作，彼此帮助，为来求助的人

提供好的解决方案，由此推知。他们具有很强的团队意识，善于团队合作，故选A项。

4．Whydoestheauthorwritethistext?

A．Tocallonreaderstodovoluntarywork.

B．Toshowushowtohelpthointrouble.

C．Tosharehixperiencesasavolunteer.

D．Toteachushowtotakecareofcancerpatients.

答案与解析：C考查写作意图。综合全文的内容我们可以看出，本文主要讲述的是作者

的志愿者经历。因此，作者写作的目的也就是要分享他作为志愿者的经历，故选C项。

B

[2019·郑州第二次质量预测]Peoplehavedifferentwaysofdealingwitha

keover­the­countermedicinessuchasaspirinwhileotherstry

popularhomeremedies(治疗)eisthetough

truthaboutthecommoncold:nothingreallycuresit.

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Sowhydopeoplesometimesbelievethattheirremedieswork?Accordingto

JamesTaylor,professorattheUniversityofWashington,coldsusuallygoawayon

theirowninaboutaweek,improvingalittleeachdayaftersymptomspeak,soit's

easytobelieveit'smedicineratherthantimethatdervesthecredit,USAToday

reported.

Itstillemshardtobelievethatwecandealwithmoreriousdias

ly,scientistscame

rstandit,youfirstneedtoknowhowantiviraldrugs

tackthevirusbyattachingtoandchangingthesurfacestructuresof

at,thedrugmustfitandlockintothevirusliketherightpiece

ofajigsaw(拼图),whichmeansscientistshavetoidentifythevirusandbuilda

3Dmodeltostudyitssurfacebeforetheycandesignanantiviraldrugthatiffective

enough.

Thetwocoldvirusthatscientistshadlongknownaboutwererhinovirus

(鼻病毒)ydidn'tfindoutabouttheexistenceofathirdvirus,

rhinovirusC,eeofthemcontributetothecommoncold,butdrugs

thatworkwellagainstrhinovirusAandBhavelittleeffectwhenudagainst

rhinovirusC.

“Thixplainsmostofthepreviousfailuresofdrugtrialsagainst

rhinovirus，”bergattheUniversityof

Wisconsin­Madison,US,toldScienceDaily.

Now,morethan10yearsafterthediscoveryofrhinovirusC,scientists

havefinallybuiltahighly­detailed3Dmodelofthevirus,showingthatthesurface

ofthevirusis,axpected,differentfromthatofothercoldvirus.

Withthemodelinhand,hopefullyarealcureforacommoncoldisonits

,wemaynolongerhavetowasteourmoneyonmedicinesthatdon'treally

work.

体裁：说明文题材：医学研究主题：感冒

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家们对普通感冒的相关研究。

【难句分析】AccordingtoJamesTaylor,professorattheUniversityofWashington,

coldsusuallygoawayontheirowninaboutaweek,improvingalittleeachdayafter

symptomspeak,soit'asytobelieveit'smedicineratherthantimethatderves

thecredit,USATodayreported.

分析：本句是一个复合句。so引导结果状语从句；句中“it'smedicineratherthantime

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thatdervesthecredit”是省略了that的宾语从句；it's...that...是强调句，对

medicineratherthantime进行强调。

译文：《今日美国》报道说，据华盛顿大学的教授詹姆斯·泰勒说，感冒在症状达到高峰

后每天好转一点点，通常在大概一个星期内自行消退，因此人们很容易认为是药物而不是时

间起了作用。

5．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofpopularremediesforacommoncold?

A．Theyarequiteeffective.

B．Theyareslightlyhelpful.

C．Theyactuallyhavenoeffect.

D．Theystillneedtobeimproved.

答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“Yethereisthetoughtruth

aboutthecommoncold:nothingreallycuresit”可知，作者认为常见的应对普通感冒

的方法都是无效的，这与第二段的专家论述呼应，故选C项。

6．Howdoantiviraldrugswork?

A．Bybreakingupcoldvirusdirectly.

B．Bychangingthesurfacestructuresofthecoldvirus.

C．Bypreventingcoldsfromdevelopingintoriousdias.

D．Byabsorbingdifferentkindsofcoldvirusatthesametime.

答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段第四句“Theyattackthevirusbyattaching

toandchangingthesurfacestructuresofthevirus”可知，抗病毒药物是通过附着在

病毒表面，并改变其表面结构而起作用的，故选B项。

7．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A．Thesurfaceofcoldviruslooksquitesimilar.

B．Scientistshavealreadyfoundacureforthecommoncold.

C．ScientistswerenotawareoftheexistenceofrhinovirusCuntilrecently.

D．Knowingthestructureofcoldvirusisthekeytodevelopinganeffective

cure.

答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第三段最后一句“Todothat,thedrugmustfit

andlockintothevirusliketherightpieceofajigsaw(拼图),whichmeansscientists

havetoidentitythevirusandbuilda3Dmodeltostudyitssurfacebeforetheycan

designanantiviraldrugthatiffectiveenough”，并结合对本段的整体理解可推知，

了解感冒病毒的结构是研发有效药物的关键所在，故选D项。

8．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A．Drugsagainstcoldvirus

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B．Helpfulhomeremedies

C．Nocurrentcureforcommoncold

D．Rearchoncoldvirus

答案与解析：C考查标题判断。根据第一段最后一句“Yethereisthetoughtruth

aboutthecommoncold:nothingreallycuresit”和最后一段的呼应，以及对全文的整

体理解可推知，本文主要讲述了科学家们对普通感冒的研究，结果发现目前并没有有效的治

疗方法，故选C项。

C

[2019·贵阳市高三适应性考试(一)]Asparents,wewalkafinelinebetween

ey're

little,me,kidsusuallytakethelead

onthingslikefeedinganddressingthemlves,butitcanbedifficulttoknowwhen

it'stimeforthemtostartdoingsomebasicthings,suchaspackingtheirownlunches

forschoolorsolvingproblemswithteacherswithoutaparent'shelp.

BloggerAmyCarneyrecentlysharedapostaboutthethingsparentsshould

,Carneysharedthebasicskillsthatsheexpects

herkidstomasterbythetimetheyhit13,suchaswakingthemlvesupinthemorning,

makingtheirownbreakfastandlunch,andfinishingtheirownhomework.

BarbHarvey,achildhoodbehaviorexpert,gavemeheranswer:Theageat

whichchildrenlearntomastercertainskillswillbedifferentdependinguponthe

maturity(成熟)andinterestlevelofthechild.

veallkindsofanswers,

whichcanexplainHarvey'sopinion.

Therefore,there'sonlyoneexpertwhocandeterminewhenyourkidshave

theabilitytodealwithcertainskills,andthat'kidsaren'tready

topacktheirownlunches—don'emlearntheskillsthey'reready

todealwithandkeepworkingtowardstheendgoalofraisingresponsibleandable

eifthere'sonethingthatwecanallagreeonasparents,it'sthat

timemovesquicklywhenyou'youwillwishtheycouldjust

dothingswithoutyouandthenextday,youwillfeeluptthattheydo.

体裁：说明文题材：社会生活主题：父母和孩子的成长

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了父母和孩子成长的关系。

【难句分析】Init,Carneysharedthebasicskillsthatsheexpectsherkids

tomasterbythetimetheyhit13,suchaswakingthemlvesupinthemorning,making

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theirownbreakfastandlunch,andfinishingtheirownhomework.

分析：本句是一个复合句。句中“thatsheexpectsherkidstomaster”是that引

导的定语从句，修饰先行词thebasicskills。

译文：在这篇文章里，Carney分享了一些她期望她的孩子们到他们13岁时应该掌握的一

些基本技能，譬如早上自己醒来，自己做早餐和午餐，自己完成家庭作业等。

9．WhatisAmyCarney'xpectationwhenherchildrenare13?

A．Tobeaskillfulcook.

B．TofollowHarvey'sopinion.

C．Tobeanexpert.

D．Tohavebasicskills.

答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句“Init,Carneysharedthebasic

skillsthatsheexpectsherkidstomasterbythetimetheyhit13,suchaswaking

themlvesupinthemorning,makingtheirownbreakfastandlunch,andfinishing

theirownhomework”可知，AmyCarney期望自己的孩子在13岁时可以掌握一些基本技能，

故选D项。

10．Whocandecidewhenthechildrenwilllearntocareforthemlves?

A．AmyCarney.B．BarbHarvey.

C．Thechildren.D．Theparents.

答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句“Therefore,there'sonlyone

expertwhocandeterminewhenyourkidshavetheabilitytodealwithcertainskills,

andthat'syou”可知，孩子们什么时候可以照顾自己取决于父母，故选D项。

11．Whywillparentsfeeluptwhentheirchildrengrowup?

A．Theirkidscandonothing.

B．Theyfeellessimportant.

C．Theirchildrenbecomeableadults.

D．Theirkidsdisagreeonanything.

答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句“Onedayyouwillwishthey

couldjustdothingswithoutyouandthenextday,youwillfeeluptthattheydo”

和对第一段的整体理解可推知，当孩子们长大了，真的可以自己做自己的事情时，父母会觉

得失落是因为父母觉得孩子们不再需要自己了，自己对他们来讲没有那么重要了，故选B项。

12．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A．Walkingafineline.

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B．BloggerAmyCarney.

C．Parentsandtheirchildren'sgrowth.

D．Achildhoodbehaviorexpert.

答案与解析：C考查主旨大意。根据第一段第一句“Asparents,wewalkafineline

betweencaringforourchildrenandteachingthemhowtocareforthemlves”点

题，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述的是父母和孩子的成长的关系，故选C

项。