动词的时态

一、动词时态的基本形式

1．一般现在时：Itiscloudytoday．

Themoonmovesaroundtheearth

2．现在进行时：Iamworking．

Howareyoufeelingtoday?

3．一般过去时：Whendidsheleave?

Iwasn'tinlastnight.

4．现在完成时：Howmanypageshaveyoucoveredtoday?

I'veneverheardofanythinglikethat.

5．一般将来时:I'llcomeunlessitrains.

Whoisgoingtospeakfirst?

6．过去进行时:Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?

Wewerepickingcottonwhentheyarrived.

7．将来进行时:I'llbeeingyoutomorrow.

8．过去将来进行时:HeaskedmewhatIwouldbedoingateightthenextevening.

9．过去将来时:Hepromidhewouldcomeontime.

Theyweresuretheywouldwinfinalvictory.

10．过去完成时：Theplayhadalreadystartedwhenwegottothetheatre.

Theyfulfilledtheplanearlierthantheyhadexpected.

11．将来完成时：Howmanywordsshallwehavelearnedbytheendoftheterm?

12.过去将来完成时:Hesaidhewouldhavefinishedreadingthebookbynextweek.

13.现在完成进行时:Howlonghasitbeenraining?

I'vebeensittinghereallafternoon.

14.过去完成进行时：Atlasttheygotthetelegramtheyhadbeenexpecting.

15.将来完成进行时：Bynextsummer,hewillhavebeenworkingherefortwentyyears.

16.过去将来完成进行时：Hesaidthatthestudentswouldhavebeenstudyinghereforthreeyearsbynext

month.

146对词

序号词义词词组

1结果effectresult

2引起，诱发elicitprovoke

3有资格的eligibleentitled

4促进，激励encouragespur

5设法endeavortry

6特别地especiallyparticularly

7永恒的eternaleverlasting

8表现，显示exhibitshow

9调查exploreinvestigate

10研究，考察exploreprobe

11大量的extensivemassive

12取出，拔出extracttakeout

13失败failomit

14使。。。着迷fascinateintrigue

15最后的finallast

16框架frameworkskeleton

17受惊的frightenedscared

18实现，完成fulfilledrealize

19增加gainputon

20歹徒gangsterviolentcriminal

21温和的，适度地gentlymildly

22抓住grasptakeholdof

23艰苦hardvere

24利用harnessutilize

25健康的healthywholesome

26马上immediatelyrightaway

27模糊的，不确切imprecivague

28贫乏，不足inadequatelypoorly

29孤立的isolatedsolitary

30知道knowrealize

31最后latelyrecently

32取笑laughatmock

33合法的lawfullegal

34小的或少的limitedsmall

35地点locationscene

36寻找lookfortrytofind

37体力的manualphysical

38强大的，强壮的mightyverystrong

39理由motivereason

40特别notablyparticularly

41时而Nowandthenoccasionally

42有时occasionallysometimes

43居民occupantresident

44结果outcomeresult

45不可接受outrageousunacceptable

46阶段phastage

47组织者plannerPrincipalorganizer

48照亮polishshine

50忍受putupwithtolerate

51很少，不常rarelyldom

52乐意地readilywillingly

53建议recommendsuggest

54不论regardlessofwhatever

55遗憾regret(regrettable)sorry

56剩余物remainderrest

57脱掉removetakeoff

58安全的safecure

59解决ttlesolve

60颤抖shaketremble

61震惊的shocksurpri

62速度speedvelocity

63山顶summittopofthemountain

64尝试testtry

65更好的abetteranimproved

66分支abranchadivision

67丰富的aplentifulanabundant

68放弃abandongiveup

69坚持，遵循abidebystickto

70不正常的abnormalunusual

71突然的abruptsudden

72加快acceleratestepup

73令人满意acceptablysatisfactorily

74向。。。欢呼acclaimhail

75要考虑的事accountconsideration

76解释accountforexplain

77积累accumulatecollect

78飞机aircraftplane

79减轻alleviatelesn

80分配allocateassign

81分配、分布allocatedistribute

82允许allowpermit

83几乎almostpractically

84尽管althoughwhile

85使不愉快annoyingirritating

86争辩arguecontend

87起床arigetup

88使激动arouexcite

89聚集asmblegather

90断言asrtstatefirmly

91假定assumepostulate

92无论任何代价atanypriceforloveormoney

93在危险中atstakeindanger

94伺候attendtowaiton

95吸引attractinglure

96真正地authenticallygenuinely

97禁止banforbid

98贫瘠barebarren

99相关、影响bearinginfluence

100打破、胜过beatbreak

101在。。。之前beforepriorto

102加宽broadenwiden

103停止calloffcancel

104打电话calluptelephone

105小心carefulconscientious

106满足caterformeet

107人口普查censuscount

108不可避免地certaininevitable

109兑换changeconvert

110幼稚childishimmature

111瓷器chinaporcelain

112合作collaboratingcooperating

113碰撞collidewithruninto

114密集地compactlydenly

115迫使compelforce

116抱怨complainfeelunhappy

117理解comprehendunderstand

118秘密confidentialcret

119巩固consolidatestrengthen

120污染contaminatepollute

121稳定地continuouslysteadily

122传统的conventionalorthodox

123复制copyduplicate

124新闻报道coveragereportage

125批评criticizefindfaultwith

126培养cultivatefoster

127治疗、补偿cureremedy

128有损害的damagingharmful

129危险dangerdistress

130危险、危害dangerhazard

131致命的deadlyfatal

132致命的deadlylethal

133正派的decenthonest

134打主意decidemakeupone’smind

135推出、演绎deducederive

136故意地deliberatelyintentionally

137坚持demandinsiston

138依靠dependonrelyon

139描写、描绘depictdescribe

140阻止deterinhibit

141昏暗地dimlyfaintly

142消失、失踪disappearvanish

143讨论discusstalkover

144大夫doctorphysician

145起草、设计draftformulate

146灭绝dyingoutextinction

二、阅读判断

（一）题型介绍：

该部分为一篇300-450词左右的短文，题目是七个陈述句(statement)。要求考生阅读原文，并根据

原文所给的信息，判断每个陈述句是对(right)、错(wron9)，还是未提及(notmentioned)。

（二）考查目标：

该部分主要考查应试者识别和判断信息的能力。

（三）解题步骤：

1、信息定位：以题目中的关键词为线索，确定题目在原文中所处的段落；快速阅读该段落，找出段落

中与题目相关的一句话或几句话。

关键词包括：

1)名词、名词短语

2)专有名词

3)形容词或副词

4)数字

5)比较或因果语言现象

2、对比判断：确定题目在原文中的位置后，将段落中相关的一句话或几句话与题目比较、判断，确定

正确答案。

判断依据

Right：1)题目是原文的同义表达

2)题目是根据原文中的几句话推断或归纳而成。

Wrong：题目与原文不符。

包括：关键词不符

肯定、否定不符

数字计算／理解／表达错误

指代错误

理解错误

时间错误

整句意思不符

使用了表示不同原因，条件和程度的状语

使用了表示不同频率，范围，可能性的词如：must，all，always

Notmentioned：题目中有些内容在原文中未提到。

（四）须注意的几点：

1)题目的判断应依据原文，不可凭借自己的知识来确定答案。

2)比较和判断应基于对原文的理解上，而不是单词与单词能对应上。

3)通常，题目／顷序与文章展开的顺序一致。

（五）例题讲解：

Right：1)题目是原文的同义表达

2)题目是根据原文中的几句话推断或归纳而成

例1939,numerouss

trendoftheevichteamshave

conductedstudiesthatshowbeyondallreasonabledoubtthattobaccosmokingisassociatedwithashortenedlife

expectancy.

Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostrearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimportantfactorinthe

developmentofcancerofthelungsandcancerofthethroatandisbelievedtoberelatedtocancerofsomeother

garettesmokershaveahigherdeathratefromheartdiathannon-smokingmales.

Femalesmokersaretrom

statistics,samixtureofgas,

vaporizedchemicals,salsonicotine,whichispowerfulpoison,and

eisbreathedin,ntof

ngcancerbeginsatthispoint.

Filtersandlowtartobacco2areclaimedtomakesmokingtosomeextentsafer,buttheycanonlyslightly

reduce,noteliminatethehazards.(Smoking)

判断:greducesone'slifeexpectancy.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

gmayinducelungcancer.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

neispoisonous.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned