对制定中国能源低碳“十四五”及中长期发展规划的认识和建议_

2024年4月1日发(作者：不锈钢型号大全表)

战略论坛

TRATEGIC FORUM

对制定中国能源低碳“十四五”及中长期

发展规划的认识和建议

薛立林，肖岚

( 中油国际中东公司）

摘　要：当前，全球正在采取行动应对气候变化，世界各国以及石油公司推出多方面的二氧化碳

减排和能源转型的策略和措施。中国也提出了二氧化碳减排和能源低碳发展目标，采取了相应的措施。

“十四五”及未来较长一段时间，中国碳减排任务十分艰巨，在制定能源低碳“十四五”及中长期发展规

划时，需要在2060年实现碳中和目标、一次能源结构调整趋势、煤炭清洁高效利用、发展真正绿色氢能以

及推广应用碳捕集和封存或者碳捕集利用和封存处置技术方面统一认识。对中国能源低碳发展的建议：一

是推动能源供给革命，推动能源的多元化发展并向低碳化过渡；二是以节能、低碳、电气化为抓手，推动

能源需求革命；三是推动能源技术革命，把握能源转型升级的主动权；四是推动能源体制革命，实施碳交

易市场和碳税相结合的政策，通过碳排放成本引导能源供给和消费升级；五是中国石油公司在保证国家能

源安全的基础上，综合利用国内国外两种资源、两个市场，积极推动能源低碳转型。

关键词：“十四五”；低碳发展；能源规划；气候变化；碳排放；二氧化碳减排；能源转型

Understanding and suggestions on formulating low carbon energy strategy

in China’s 14

th

Five Year period and medium-to-long term development plan

XUE Lilin, XIAO Lan

(CNPC International Middle East)

Abstract：The world is currently taking action to combat climate change and all countries in the world and international

oil companies have launched various strategies and measures for carbon emission reduction and energy transition. China has also

propod carbon emission reduction & low carbon energy development goals, and taken corresponding measures. In the 14

th

Five

Year Plan and a long period of time in the future, China should reach connsus on the goal of carbon neutrality by 2060, the trend

of primary energy structure, the clean and efficient u of coal, the development of green hydrogen energy, and the promotion

and application of CCS (carbon capture and storage) or CCUS (carbon capture utilization and storage) technology due to the

completely difficult mission of China’s carbon emission reduction when formulating a low carbon energy strategy for China’s

14

th

Five-Year Plan and medium-long term development plan. It suggests ramping up the energy supply revolution and promoting

the diversified development of energy and transition to low carbon, advancing the energy demand revolution with energy saving,

decarbonization and electrification; facilitating the energy technology revolution and izing the initiative of energy upgrading,

accelerating the energy system revolution, implementing a policy integrating carbon trading market and carbon tax, and guiding

energy supply and consumption upgrading by introducing carbon emission cost, and comprehensively utilizing both domestic

and foreign resources & two markets to actively promote low-carbon energy transformation bad on ensuring national energy

curity.

Key words：the 14

th

Five-Year Plan; low carbon development; energy plan; climate change; carbon emission; carbon

dioxide emission reduction; energy transition

01

Vol.28, No.12

国际石油经济

INTERNATIONAL PETROLEUM ECONOMICS

2020

进入21世纪以来，面对全球气候变暖的紧迫

形势，能源结构向绿色低碳转型越来越成为世界各

国的普遍共识，风力发电、太阳能发电等可再生能

源呈现蓬勃发展的局面。2020年，突如其来的新冠

肺炎疫情和低油价对油气行业影响深远，必将加快

能源的低碳转型。中国正在制定低碳、绿色发展的

“十四五”及中长期能源发展规划，将在保证国家

能源安全的同时，为应对全球气候变化提供中国方

案，做出中国贡献。

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0

19941999

石油

2004

煤炭

核能

20092014

天然气

可再生能源

2019 年

1