英国文学主要名词解释

2024年3月25日发(作者：皇家马戏团)

1. Enlightenment:

a. The Enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement throughout

western Europe in the 18

th

century.进步的智力运动

b. The Enlightenment on the whole, was an expression of struggle of the then

progressive class of bourgeois against feudalism. The social inequality, stagnation,

prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempted to place all branches

of science at the rvice of mankind by connecting them with the actual deeds and

requirements of the people.

总体上，启蒙主义是当时的资产阶级对封建主义，社会的不平等、死寂、偏见和其他

的封建残余的一种反对。通过将科学的各个分支与人民的日常生活和需要联系起来，启蒙

主义者们努力将他们变成为人民大众服务的工具

c. English enlighteners differed in some way from tho of France “cleared

the minds of men for the coming revolution,” the English enlighteners t no

revolutionary aims before them. They strove to bring it to an end by clearing away

the feudal ideas with the bourgeois ideology.

英国和法国的资产阶级启蒙主义者观念上存在一定差异。法国的启蒙哲学家和作家声

称，“清除人么头脑中的陈腐观念是为将来的革命做准备”而英国的启蒙认识则没有革命的

目标。他们努力使其终结通过消除封建思想与资产阶级意识形态。

d. The reprentatives are Joph Addison, Richard Steele (essayists), Daniel

Defoe, Jonathan Swift (novelists), and Alexander Pope

2. Renaissance

a. The Renaissance refers to the period between 14

th

-17

th

century, it first

started in Italy.

b. The Renaissance means rebirth and revival, the discovery of ancient Roman

and Greek culture.

c. Humanism is the esnce of Renaissance, Man is the measure of all things.

The humanism praid human nature and emphasized the dignity of human

beings and the prent life.

d. They thought man had the right to enjoy the beauty of life and had the

ability to perfect himlf and made wonders, which got ready for the appearance

of the great Elizabethan writers in Britain. Poetry and drama were the most

outstanding literary forms.

e. Shakespeare, Francis Bacon, etc. were the remarkable reprentatives.

3. Romanticism

a. A movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music, and art in

Western culture during most of the19th century, beginning as a revolt against起义

classicism.