订正版:英语音标表、字母表--字母、字母组合发音规律记忆口诀

2024年3月23日发(作者：渔翁的故事)



英语音标表、字母表----- 字母、字母组合发音规律记忆口诀

一、尝试用"胸腔辅助送力---—口腔后部发声法〞背诵念读26个英文字母,感觉

学习标准发音,直到感觉音准,流利,升降调式自如为止.

印刷体：大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

手写体倾斜：〔注意四线格占格要求〕

大写

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

小写

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

[ei/ bi: /si:/di:/i: /ef /dʒi:/eitʃ/ai/dʒei/ kei/el /em /en /əu/pi://kju:/a:/es

/ti:/ju:/ vi:/dʌblju:/eks /wai/zi:]

先观察以上字母的读音,然后,把含有共同元音因素的字母进展分类：

<1>[ei]___[] ___[] ___[] ___[]

<2>[i:]___[] ___[] ___[] ___[] ___[] ___[] ___[] ___[] ___[]

<3>[ai]___[] ___[]

<4>[əu]___[]

<5>[u:]___[] ___[] ___[]

<6>[e]___[] ___[] ___[] ___[] ___[] ___[]

<7>[a:]___[]

二、

英语中元音和辅音<母音和子音>的分类表

发音特

征

发气

英 语 音 标〔采用口腔后部发声法发音〕

元

单声

前元音：[i:/ I:] [i] [e] [æ]

.

音元带中元音：[ʌ] [ə] [ə: / :]

*音 振

母动

后元音：[a:] [ɔ:] [ɔ] [u:] [u]

音

双

振

元[ai] [ei] [ɔi] [iə] [æə/ eə] [uə] [au] [əu]

动

音

哑不

辅

辅振

[p][t][k] [f][s][θ][ʃ] [h] [t

ʃ][tr][ts]

音 动

音

*

[b][d][g] [v][z][ð][ʒ] [r] [d

浊

子

振

ʒ][dr][dz]

辅

音

动

音

[m][n][ŋ] [l]/[l] [w][j ]

音流

清通

晰畅

响

亮

发

音

模

气

流

糊受

晦阻

涩

辅音连缀

[pr][pl][br][bl][kr][kl][gr][gl][fr][fl][sn][sl][sk][sp][sw][dw][hw][k

w][tw] [θr]

[pju:][bju:][tju:][dju:][kju:][gju:][fju:][vju:][lju:][mju:][nju:][hju:][zj

u

三、英语拼音怎么来拼读：<也就是单词的音标怎么读./与我们汉语拼音很相似>

〔拼读规如此：以元音为中心划分音节,按音节来拼读.〕拼读口诀：元音为

中心,划分音节、按音节拼读；多音节加重音、多音节一重多轻发音,轻音节

怎么轻怎么发音.重开音节读长音,轻/闭音节读短音.例子：he[hi:], name

[neim], table[`teibl], bicycle[`baisikl], teacher[`ti:tʃə], red, cap, and, thank,

basket, yellow, umbrella, *****{详细内容见后面第五节

<本材料第8页>

：五、音节

划分...}

小测试：音标拼读练习.[ai] + [ə] →[aiə] [au]+ [ə]→ [auə] [h]+ [iə]→ [hi

ə] [p]+ [æə] →[pæə] [t]+[ɔi] →[tɔi][ei]+ [tʃ]→ [eitʃ] [tʃ] +[ei]→[tʃei]

[g]+[əu]→[gəu] [k]+[au]→[kau] [sn]+[əu]→[snə

u][pr]+[au]→[prau] [pl]+[ei]→[plei]

[gr]+[i:]→[gri:] [gl]+[u:]→[glu:] [kl]+[a:]→[kla:][kl]+[a:]+[s]→[kla:

s] [t]+[u:]+[θ]→[tu:θ] [br]+[au]+[n]→[braun] [r]+[ʌ]+[b]+[ə]→[`rʌb

ə][b]+[a:]+[s]+[k]+[i]+[t]→[`ba:skit] [t]+[i:]+[tʃ]+[ə]→[`ti:tʃ

ə] [ʌ]+[m]+[br]+[e]+[l]+[ə]→[ʌm`brelə] [bai]+[si]+[kl]→[`baisikl] [br

ʌ]+[ðə]→[`brʌðə]

四、英文字母和常见字母组合的发音规如此〔或一般规律〕：

.

1.为什么要掌握字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律？目的只有一个,让我们能

够做到------见字读音、音义结合.记住词形、服务拼写.第二步就是要

反过来,学会语音认字〔类似我们的拼音认字〕,通过多加练习,逐步达

到听音写字、音义结合的水平.第三步是形义结合,练习英语汉语意

义对应翻译.

例1：假设你知道字母组合ee一般发音是[i:] <规律>, 那

么,meet这个单词就脱口而出了.单词<词形>： meet 词义：遇见；初次见面

/认识；满足迎合；迎接/出迎. [ __-__-__ ] → [ ] 读音/音标例 2：

单词<词形>：which词义：哪个,哪些 [ __-__-__ ] → [ ] 读音/音

标例 3：单词<词形>：who词义：谁的？ [ __-__-__ ] → [ ] 读

音/音标例 4：单词<词形>：plea词义：请,求你了, [ __-__-__ ] →

[ ] 读音/音标

2.英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律：〔要求熟记于心,脱口而出〕

?

总口诀：元音字母音多变,熟记规如此也不难.辅音字母显易单,见面就把音来

念.字母组合固定音,千锤百炼习语感.遇见生词找规律,划分音节顺口连,元

音字母在中间,辅音字母两边站,字母组合算一个,熟能生巧难亦简. 辅音字母发音小口诀：辅音字母显易单,见面就把音来念.b发[b], c发[k],

ci ce多发[s]; 例词：blue, table, Crisp, class, picture, actor, pencil, bicycle,

nice,d发[d], f [f], g发[g] [dʒ], [ʒ]少见; Sandy, dog, red, fly, coffee, green, egg,

orange, garageh [h], j发[dʒ], k / l [k] [l]可分连; her, here, his, jeep, Japan,

book, look, blue, Klan classm [m], n [n][ŋ], p [p] q [k] r 发[r]; meet, am, no,

green, thank, English, pen, cap, quickly, Crisp,s 最多[s]和[z], 趋唇[ʃ] [ʒ]也常见;

sir, this, sit, is, his, who, plea, sure[F], usually[ʒ], pleasurex 发音剪头端,[ks]

多于[gz]面； six, pencil-box, excu, exerci; exam, <后接重读元音>t 发[t],

v 发[v], w 辅音[w]来念； teacher, it, very, voice, river, with, swim,

wash, which, white最后一个字母z,发好[z]音才算完.zoo, zero, size, puzzle, 辅音字母一见发音表：

b c d f g

.

h j k l m n

[b] [k]

cap

[s]

cit

y

rice

[d] [f] [g]

egg

[h]

[d

ʒ]

[k] [l] [m] [n]

[ŋ]g/

k

no

table

bed

coffee

[dʒ]

orange

high

[-l]

blue

meet

jeep

book

Japa

n

blue

bicycle

dog

fly

garbage

hello

keep

ball

room

pen

p

[p]

q

[k]

r

[r]

s

[s]

desk

[ʒ]

garag

e

table

thank

t

[t]

v w x

[ks

]

[gz

]

[j]

yes

[ai]

m

y

z

[z]

[v] [w]

penci

l

[-r]

[z]

easy

[ʒ]

usuall

y

quick

ro

sit

voice

wash

box

[i]

bus

y

zoo

open

quarter

sorry

pleasure

teacher

invit

e

swim

exa

m

very

zero

teache

r

[ʃ]

sure

little

quickly

freez

e

常见辅音字母组合的发音口诀：字母组合固定音,千锤百炼习语感.

wh发音 [h] 和 [w], th 常发 [θ] 和 [ð]；ch/tch多发 [tʃ], 有时发音 [ʃ] 或 [k]；

sh [ʃ], ph [f], gh 不发或发 [f]

<词尾>

；gedge 多发 [dʒ], ck 发 [k], kn [n]; ng 易

发 [ŋ] [ŋg], qu发音 [kw] 和[k].wr 发卷趋 [r], 双写分节不分音.{ 动词或复数

词尾s /es, 多发[s][z]/ 和[iz]; ts [ts] ds[dz]}

例词：

wh发音 [h] 和 [w],

wh ---[ ] which, white, what, where, when, why [ ] who, who, whole {*whew

[hw-]}

.

th 常发 [θ] 和 [ð]；th --- [ ] this, that, the, they, with [ ] thank, three, tooth,

forth, eleventh

ch/tch多发 [tʃ], 有时发音 [ʃ] 或 [k]；

ch ---[ ] chicken, chair, child, sandwich, catch, watch cha

<追赶,追击,追求>

, [ ]

ache, headache, chemist [ ] machine[mə`ʃən], chai [ʃeiz]

<带篷二轮马车>

sh [ʃ], ph [f], gh 不发或发 [f]

<词尾>

；sh ---[ ] shoe, ship, sheep, fish, wash,

ash

ph ---[ ] photo, telephone, phra gh ---[ ] right, light, daughter [ ] laugh,

cough

gedge 多发 [dʒ], ck 发 [k], kn [n];

ge---[ ] orange, page, bridge, fridge, porridge

<麦片粥,稀饭>

ck ---[ ] black, kick, lock, back

kn ---[ ] knife, know, knock, knee

<膝盖>

, kneel

<跪下>

, knit

<编织>

, knob

<球形把手,旋钮>

,

knack

<诀窍>

, knight

<骑士,武士; **《金山游侠》,金山公司出品的游戏修改软件>,

ng 易发 [ŋ] [ŋg], qu发音 [kw] 和[k].ng ---[ ] sing, song, long, wing [ ] English,

hungry

qu ---[ ] quick, quite

<相当,十分>

, quiet

<安静的,平静的>

, quarter, require,

[ ] cheque

<支票>,

unique

<唯一,独有独特的>

, technique

<技巧>

,

wr 发卷趋 [r],

wr ---[ ] wrong, write, wrap

<包,裹>

, wrist<

手腕>

, wrest

<拧,扭>

, wrestle

<摔跤>

, wring

<绞,

扭>

双写分节不分音：miss, apple, egg, sorry, yellow, umbrella {双写元音字母：e, zoo,

book}

ts/tes ---[ ] its tail

<它的尾巴>

, two baskets /boats

<两个篮子/小船>

, my coats /shirts

<我的上衣/

衬衫>

, three hats

<三顶帽子>

, five cats

<五只猫>

, many streets

<许多街道>

, two packets

<两个包裹/

两包..>

, some prents/ sweets

<一些礼物/糖果>

, two biscuits

<两块饼干>

, a box of

chocolates

<一包巧克力糖>

, ten minutes

<十分钟>

, two gates

<两扇大门>,

in my pockets

<在我的

口袋里>

, two lights /kites

<两个灯/风筝>

, two nests

<两个鸟巢/窝>

, two tea-pots

<两个茶壶>

, some

carrots

<一些胡萝卜>

, What’s this? It’s a pen. sits,

.

ds/des---[ ] two birds, two hands, English words, their beds, their heads, two

blackboards, goods

<商品/货物>

,

辅音连缀：pr ---[ ] practice, prai, pray, press, price, proud,

pl---[ ] plea, play, plane, plan, place, plain, plenty

<丰富,大量>

, pliers

<钳子<如老虎钳,手

钳,扁嘴钳等>,镊子>

,

plod

<沉重地走,辛勤工作>

, plop

<扑通落下>

, plum

<李子>

, plug

<插头,插上>

,

br---[ ] brag

<吹牛>

, brake

<闸,刹车>

, brain, break, bread, breed

<使>繁殖,教养,抚养>

, brown,

bride

<新娘>,

bribe

<贿赂,向…行贿>

, brush

bl---[ ] black, bleed, blind, blou, blood, blue,

cr-/kr---[ ] crab

<螃蟹>,

cradle

<摇篮>

, cream, crop, cricket

<[昆]蟋蟀, [运动]板球>

criticize

<批

评,责备>,

cry,

cruel

<残忍的>

,kraut

<泡菜>

, Kremlin

<克里姆林宫>,

cl-/kl---[ ] class, claim<<

根据权利>要求得到,认领,声称,主X,需要

> clean, clear, clock, clo,

click

<发出滴答

声,单击n.滴答声> ,

club

<俱乐部,夜总会,>

, klaxon

<高音喇叭/气笛,电喇叭>

, Klan

<=Ku Klux Klan>三K党>

gr---[ ] grade, grass, grape, graceful

<优雅的,温文尔雅>

,green, great, grief

<悲痛,伤心事,不幸,

忧伤>

,grin

<露

齿笑,裂口笑>

, groan

<呻吟<着说>

,gruffly

<说话或态度粗暴地,粗声地,生硬地>

gl---[ ] glass, glad, gleam

<发微光,使闪烁>

, glide

<滑行,滑翔>

, globe

<地球仪>

,glove

<手套>

,

glue

<胶水/胶合>

fr---[ ] France, French, free, fresh

<新鲜的,无经验的>,

frequent

<频繁的>,

friend

<朋友>,

fried,

fry,frog

<青蛙>

,

from

<自,从>

,front

<前面,前线,阵线>

, fruit

<水果,果实,果类,成果>

, frustrated

<感到灰心/失败

的>

fl---[ ] flat, flag, flame

<火焰,热情>

, flap

<拍打,鼓翼而飞,飘动>

, flares

<喇叭裤>

, flash

<闪光,闪现,一

瞬间>

, flea

<跳蚤>

, flee

<逃跑,逃走>

, fleer

<狞笑,讥笑>

, flesh

<肉,果肉>

, flinch

<畏缩,退缩,畏首畏尾>

,

floor

<地板,楼层>

,

.

float

<漂浮,浮舟,彩车>

, flood

<洪水,水灾,淹没,涌进,涌出>

flour

<面粉>

, flow

<流动, <河水>泛滥,洋

溢>

, flower

<花>

, flu

<流感>

, fly

<飞翔,飞行>

,flub

<做得不好,弄糟>

, fluent

<流利的,流畅的>

,

sl---[ ] slave

<奴隶>

, slander

<诽谤>

, slaughter

<屠宰,残杀,屠杀>,

sleep

<睡眠,睡觉>,

sleet

<下/雨

加雪,下冰雹>

,

sleeve

<袖子>

, slice

<薄片,切片>

, slim

<苗条的,纤细的>

, slip

<滑倒,失足>

, slogan

<口号,标

语>

, slow

<慢的/地>,

sly/ slily

[slaili]<狡猾的/地>

,

sm---[ ] small

<小的,少的>

, smart

<聪明的,漂亮的,灵巧地,时髦地>

, smarty <=wi guy

自作聪明的

人>

, smell

<气味,臭味, //嗅,闻到,散发<...的>气味,有<...的>气味>

, smile <<～ at>

微笑>

, smog

<烟雾>

, smoke

尘,烟幕//v.抽烟,吸烟vi.冒烟>

, smuggle

,

sn---[ ] snow, snake, snack

<吃>快餐/小吃>>

, snail

<蜗牛>

, snap

<猛咬>

, sneer

<冷笑,轻蔑的笑>

,

sneeze

<打/喷嚏>

,

snob /snobling

<势利的年轻人,势利小人>

,

sk---[ ] skate, skating, skirt, ski

<=skee滑雪>

, skim

<掠过,滑过,浏览>

, skin

<皮肤,兽皮,皮毛>

,

skint

<身无分文

的,穷光蛋的>

, skip

<跳,蹦,跳读>

, sky-blue

<天蓝色的,淡蓝色,蔚蓝色>

sp---[ ] space

<空间,间隔,距离,空地,余地>

, spade

<铲,铁锹>

, Spain

<西班牙>

, spare

<多余的,剩下的/分

让给>

,

spell, speak

<说话,谈话,发言,演讲,说明事实,表示意见,操<某种语言>>

, spear <[spiE]

矛,枪>

,

specific

<[spi`sifik]特效药,详细而准确的,明确的>

, spice

<香料,调味品,情趣>

, spider

<蜘蛛>

, sport

<运动,

运动会>

, spume [

spju:m

]

起泡沫>

, spumous

>, spur

[spE:]

激物v.鞭策>

, sputter

[`spQtE]<.说话急快/唾沫飞溅/飞溅出/喷溅声>

, sputum

[spju:tEm]<唾液,痰>

, spy

<

特工,间谍,侦探,//秘密侦察>

,

st---[ ] stand, stamp

<邮票,跺<脚>,顿<足>>

, stage

<舞台,戏剧,举行>

, star

<星,恒星,明星,名角>

, start

<

动身,开始,着手

.

惊动,惊起,起动,发动>

, staff

<棒,杖,杆,支柱,全体职员>

, stadium

<露天运动场/体育场>

, step, steep

<陡峭

的>

, stick

<棍,棒,手杖/粘住,粘贴>

, stop, student, stupid

<愚蠢的,麻木的>

, stupidity

<蠢事,糊涂事>

,

stutter

<口吃,结结巴巴的说>

, style

<风格,时尚,文体>

,

sw---[ ] swab

<[swCb]n.拖把,药签,vt.拭抹,擦洗>

, swag

<摇晃,水潭,垂花饰>

,swear

<宣誓,发

誓>

,sweat

出汗>,

sweater

<厚运动衫,毛线衫>

,sweep

<扫,打扫,清扫,席卷,冲光>

,sweepup

,sweet

<甜

的,可受的,美好的,芳香的/n.糖果>

,swim

, swing

, swicky

<[美]威

士忌酒>

,swig

>

,swiftly

<迅速地,敏捷地>

,swindle

的>

,swob<

拖把,海棉>

,swobble

<大口地吃>

,swoon

,swoop<

n.突然下降,

猛扑vt攫取vi.飞扑,突然袭击>

,sword

<剑>

,swot

,

dw---[ ] dwarf

<[dwC:f]n.矮子,侏儒v.<使>变矮小>

, dwell

,

tw---[ ] twelve, twelfth, twenty, twentieth, twain

<[twein]n.两,双,二,一对>

,

twin,twig

<[twig]n.嫩枝,小

枝,末梢>

, twice

<[twais]adv.两次,两倍>

,twiddle

,twill

<[twil]n.斜纹织物vt.把...织

成斜纹adj.

斜纹织物的>

,twine

<[twain]n.合股线,细绳,麻线,搓v.搓,织,编饰, <使>缠绕>

, twinge

<[twindV]n.一阵一阵痛,如刺一样

痛,剧痛vt.使一阵一阵痛,刺痛>

,twinkle

<[5twiNkl]v.闪烁,闪耀, <使>闪光n.闪烁,发光,牛眼>

,twist

<[twist]n.一扭,扭曲,

手法,螺旋状vt.拧,扭曲,绞,搓,捻,使苦恼,使转动, vi.扭弯,扭曲,缠绕,扭动,呈螺旋形>

,two,

thr---[ ] three, thread

<线,细丝,线索,思路,螺纹>

, threaten

<恐吓,威胁>

,threnode

<哀歌>

, thrive

<兴

旺,繁荣,茁壮成长,旺盛>

,throw

<扔,抛,投,摔,掷,丢

>, through

<通过,穿过,透过/〔时间〕从…的开始到末

了,从头到尾；〔场

所〕到处,全面>

, throat

<咽喉,喉咙,嗓音,窄路

>,throne

<王座,君主>

,throstle <=wood thrush

画眉

鸟>

,thruput

<吞吐量>

,thrust

<力推,冲,插入,挤进,刺,戳

>,thrypsis

<[5Wripsis]粉碎性骨折>

,

**********************************************************

*******

提前练一练,看看有何难.小测试： 1>. 见字读音: 写出如下单词的音标. class

[ ] this [ ] your [ ] you [ ] here [ ] Sandy [ ] Crisp [ ]2>. 音义结

合：写出如下读音所对应的汉语意义. [kla:s] _______; [hiə] ______; [blu:]

______; [sku:lbæg] ___________; [kʌm] ______;3>. 听音写字：根据音标写单

词. [kla:s] _______; [hiE] ______; [blu:] ______; [sku:lbæg] ___________;

[kʌm] ______; [hu:z] ________ [it] ___ [pli:z] ________ [daun] _______

[`ru:lə] _______ [kʌm] ____4>. 形义结合：英汉互译〔即,写出对应的英语或

汉语意思〕. her -____; thank-_______; 定冠词/ 这个或那个-______; 书

.

-______; rubber -_______; 小姐 -______; 帽子 -_____; Sit down plea.

________; Thank you. _______; Here you are. _________; Yes, it is. ________;

e here, plea. ___________; 字母L的两种读音口诀：音节开头发清音[l -], 音节末尾模糊音[- l],

[l - ] lazy, like, look, long, lubber <[`lʌbə] adj.

粗笨的,笨拙的n.傻大个>

, black, plea, clock,

color, toilet, holiday, English, Italian, nationality, lollipop,

[- l ] girl[ə:l], ball [ɔ:l], small, school[u:l], well[el], smell, level[<ə>l], smile[ail],

hill[il], old[əul], cold, child[ail], children [il], full [ul], beautiful [ul], apple

[pl], people, pupil, table [bl], impossible, label

<<贴>标签>

, little [tl], bottle, title,

middle [dl], cradle

<摇篮>

,bicycle [kl], eagle [gl], pencil [sl], puzzle [-zl],

dazzle[dæzl]

<眩目,晃眼,耀眼>

,

常见音节尾音总结：[i:l / il / el/ æl / ʌl /ə l / ə:l / ɔ:l / ɔl / u:l / ul / ail / eil / ɔil / iəl /

uəl / aul / əul / ]

[-pl / -bl / -tl / -dl / -kl / -gl / -fl / -vl / -sl / -zl / ]

[-p

ə

l / -bəl / -təl / -dəl / -kəl / -gəl / -fəl / -vəl / -səl / -zəl ] 元音字母a e i o u 的发音口诀：元音字母音多变,熟记规如此也不难.

重开音节多长音,[ei][i:][ai][əu][ju:/u:]来拼；重闭音节/轻音

短,[æ][e][i][ɔ][ʌ][u][ə]

a接r /ss常发[a:/æ], 还有[ei][æ] [ɔ/ɔ:][i] [ə].e的发音首数[e],空尾/重[i:]轻

[i][ə].

重开音节i发[ai],重闭/轻音短[i][ə].o发长音[əu][ɔ:][u:],短音[ʌ][ɔ][ə] one

殊.

u字多发 [ju:]和[ʌ],忙碌busy加[u:][u].y头发[j]重读[ai],轻音/结尾[i]

变来.

ay ,ey, o/uy,多发[ei][i],[əi][ai].r前元音常卷舌,S后弱音须强化.

相近发音不规如此,省力顺口是关键.相近/强化加弱化,使得元音多变化.

例词：

a--- [/ei /a:/æ/ ɔ:/ ɔ/ ə/ i / ] 强化音[ei],弱化音[ə]a接r /ss常发[a:/æ], 还有[ei][æ]

[ɔ/ɔ:][i] [ə].

.

name [ei], table [ei], car [a:], park [a:], class [a:], basket [a:/æ], as [æ], ass [æ],

father [a:],afterward [a:/ə]

<然后,后来>

, dollar [ə],cap [æ], catch [æ],

grammar [æ/ə], America [æ], asleep, alone,afraid, banana [ə/a:/ə], woman [ə],

water [ɔ:], watch [ɔ], what [ɔ], war [ɔ:], orange [i],

e--- [/ i:/ e/ i /ə/ -*

<词尾空音>

/ ] 强化音[i:],弱化音[ə/ i ] e的发音首数[e],

空尾/重[i:]轻[i][ə].

he [i:], she [i:], we [i:], me [i:], evening [i:], red [e], pencil [e], empty [e], desk

[e], umbrella [e], French [e], basket [i], women [i], pretty [i], the [ə/ i:],

children [ə], open [ə], hundred [ə/ i:],

/ -*

<词尾空音>

/---- who [z], hou [s], nice [s], face [s], white [t], name [m],

give [v], side [d], wake [k], prize [z], fine [n], tube [b], orange [dʒ],

employee [i:]

<职工,雇员,店员>

, apple [pl], table [bl], little [tl], middle [dl],

bicycle [kl], eagle [gl]

<鹰>

,

i---[ /ai / i:/ i /ə / ] 强化音[ai/i:],弱化音[E/ i]重开音节发[i: /ai],重闭

/轻音短[i][E].

right [ai], bicycle [ai], white [ai], police [i:], this [i], which [i], his [i],building

[i], beautiful [ə], holiday [ə],

o---[ /əu/ ʌ/ ɔ/ ɔ:/u:/ u / ə/ wʌ-] 强化音[əu/ ɔ:/u:],弱化音[ə]o发长音[ə

u][ɔ:][u:],短音[ʌ][ɔ][ə] one殊.

no [əu], cold [əu], tho [əu], e [ʌ], some [ʌ], mother [ʌ], brother [ʌ], son [ʌ],

month [ʌ], dog [ɔ], not [ɔ], hot [ɔ], sorry [ɔ], shop [ɔ], locker [ɔ], box [ɔ], orange

[ɔ:], who [u:], who [u:], do [u:], to [u:], two [u:], woman [u], policeman [ə],

today [ə], occasion [ə]

<场合,时机,机会>

, aeroplane [ə], // one [wʌn], once [wʌns],

rervoir [`rezəvwa:],

u---[ /ju:/ ʌ/ u / u: /i / ] 强化音[ju:/u:],弱化音[i]u字多发 [ju:]和[ʌ],

忙碌busy加[u:][u].

u [ju:], usually [ju:], tube [ju:], music [ju:], pupil [ju:], rubber [ʌ], umbrella

[ʌ], mum [ʌ], hungry [ʌ], bus [ʌ], just [ʌ],cup [ʌ],put [u], full [u], pull [u], ruler

[u:],Sue [u:],blue [u:],minute [i], busy [i]

y---[ /ai / j / i /] 强化音[ai],弱化音[i]y头发[j]重读[ai],轻音/结尾[i]变来.

.

your [j], you [j], yes [j], yellow [j], young [j], my [ai], why [ai], tyre [ai], style

[ai], fry [ai], cry [ai], bicycle [i], baby [i], ready [i], hungry [i], very [i],

thirsty [i], empty [i], busy [i], body [i], slowly [i], 常见元音字母组合发音口诀：字母组合固定音,常受影响发音变；千锤百炼

习语感.组合爱发长/双元

<音<重读音节>>

；常受影响发音变；为了顺口图方便,近

似发音相变换.

另有强化加弱化,多个字母省略念.外来/古语不规如此

<发音>

,熟读百遍字腔

圆.

a--- ay [ei] day, say, play, way, weekday, birthday, // [i] Sunday, Monday, …

ar [a:] car, star, farm, are, park, garlic, // [ə] dollar, collar, grammar, particular [pə

`tikju:lə],

al [ɔ:] all, ball, small, hall, walk, chalk, // [a:] half,

[ɔ: l / æ l /ə l ]非组合式的情况：although[ɔ: l], alga [`ælgə]

<藻类,海藻>

,

algal [`ælgəl]

, algebra [æl`dʒibrə]

<代数学>

, signal [lsignəl]

<信号/发信

号,用信号通知>

,

au [ɔ:] daughter, fault, audience, cau, August[`ɔ:gəst]

<八月>,

august [ɔ:`gʌst]

<

令人敬畏的,威严的>

,

[ɔ] becau, [au] kraut

<泡菜>

, [a:] laugh,

air [æə] air, chair, hair, pair, fair,

ai [ei] aid, aim, rain, afraid, wait, maid, straight, faith

<信念,某某信仰,忠实,>

,

aw [ɔ:] draw, law, saw, awful, raw,

e--- ea [i:] teacher, tea, eat, meat, read, clean, heal, [e] bread, breakfast, head, [ei]

great, break, steak,

ee [i:] meet, teeth, e, three, green, week, freezing, queen,

ei [ei] eight, weigh, weight, [i:] receive, ceiling, deceit

, deceive

言>

, receipt

<收条,收据,收到>

, perceive

>, conceit <

原义;自负,幻想>

,

er [ə:] her, herd

<兽群,牧群/放牧>

, emergency

<紧急情况,紧急突发事件,非常时刻,>

, [ə] teacher,

sister, brother, farmer, worker, letter, over,

ear [iə] ear, hear, near, year, fear, earwig

<偷听者>

, [æə] pear, wear, swear

<宣誓,发誓>

,

.

[ə:] early, earth, earn,

ere [iə] here, sphere

<球体>

,hemisphere

<半球>

, [æə] there, ere

,

eir [æə] their,

eer [iə] beer, deer, cheer

<欢呼/喝彩>

, sneer

<冷笑,讥笑>

, jeer

<讥讽嘲弄>

, engineer, ,

ey [ei] they, grey, hey,

ew [ju:] new, few, hew

<砍>

, view

<景色,风景,观点,见解>

, ewe

<母羊>

,

i--- ir [ə:] girl, sir, thirsty, shirt, skirt, first, thirty, whirl

<<使>旋转>

, stir

<轰动,激起,搅动>

,

ie [i:] piece, niece

<侄女,甥女>

, field, thief, believe, belief, achieve

<完成,达到>

, chief

<首领,领

袖,酋长,长官//主要的,首要的,首席的,主任的>

, grief

<悲痛,伤心事,不幸,忧伤>

, relief

<<痛苦等的>减轻>

,

ire [aiə] tire

<轮胎；使劳累>

, tired

<累的,疲劳的>

, wire

<金属丝,电线>

,

igh [ai] right, light, fight, might

<也许,或许;可能>

, night, knight,

o--- or [ɔ:] or, for, fork, morning, short, torch, more, [ə:] work, worker, [ə] actor,

doctor, forget,

oa [əu] boat, coat, goat, goal,

oo [u:]school, food, too, room, tooth, spoon, moon, boot, root, wool, mood

<心情,情绪,

语气,状态>

,

[u] book, look, cook, good, football, foot [ʌ] blood, flood,

ou [au] hou, blou, trours, mou, mouth, south, ouch, out, our, hour, flour,

sour, mountain,

[ʌ] young, touch, rough

<粗糙的,粗略的,大致的,粗野的>

, [u:] you, through, rouge [ru:

ʒ]

<擦口红/胭脂>

, [u]would, could, should, [ɔ:] cough,

ow [au] brown, down, how, now, towel, tower, [əu] yellow, bowl, show, blow,

snow, throw

oy/oi [ɔi] boy, toy, enjoy, employ, // noi, noisy, toilet, oil, boil,

our [au] our, flour

<面粉>

[ɔ:] your, four, cour,

ore [ɔ:] before, more, forehead, foree,

oor [ɔ:/ uə]/ door, floor, moor

<荒野;停泊,系住>

,

.

u--- ur [ə:] turn, Thursday, hurt, fur, urge, further, urban

<城市的,市内的>,

suburb,

suburbia

<郊区居民>

,

ure picture, future[tʃə], // sure[ʃuə], //pleasure, measure[ʒə],

ua [uə] usual, usually, February, graduate [`grædjuət]

<大学>毕业生,研究生>

,

非组合发音： graduate [`grædjueit]

<大学>毕业>

, [

ˈdʒænjuəri

]January, uy [ai]

buy, guy,

五、音节、音节的结构和类型、音节划分、音节重音和拼读：

1.音节就是英文单词字母<或发音>的排列单位,一个单位算一节.连读起来轻重

缓急,流利有节奏,便于听说阅读.

2.音节的结构、类型：口诀：完全结构头中尾

<音头/音中/音尾>

,元音字母占中央

<包含组

合>

,缺头少尾有开闭

<音节>

,e尾/成音/r音节.开音节/闭音节：以元音或不发音

的e结尾的叫开音节,以辅音结尾的是闭音节.开音节<词> ：[以开音节结尾]

a, area, tea, by, day, no, boy, buy, grey, ba*by, ru*ler, rub*ber, fa*ther, the, she,

we, he, bee, ta*ble, ap*ple, name, bi*cy*cle, banana, orange, some, 闭音节<

词>：bas*ket, bag, cap, class, miss, cross, rain, ti*red, bed, red, yes, egg, sit, it,

begin

<开始>

, hot, not, boat, boil

<沸腾,煮沸,激动>

, cup, sun, cut, put, but, mutton

<羊肉>

,

meet, woman, r音节：元音字母 + r构成的独立的音节,也可以前后

加辅音字母共同构成音节.例如：far

<远的>

, arm, er

<嗯~>

, her, tea*cher, ru*ler, sir,

girl, stir

<轰动,激起>

, or, for

<为了,对于,因为,适合>

, short, fur

<毛皮>

, turn, // ar•ti•cle

<文章>

, or

•der

<命令,定购,定制；次序,顺序,秩序>

, ur•gent

<急迫的,紧急的

>, ur•ban

<城市的,市内的>,

成音节：

辅音字母

<有时跟不发音/弱化音的元音字母>

+ l, m, n,

<常常带有不发音的e>

可算作一个音节.例

如：la•bel

<<贴>标签>

, pu•pil, pen•cil [sl], ta•ble, bi•cy•cle, lit•tle [tl], ap•ple

[pl], peo•ple,

3.划分音节口诀：音节中心看母音,辅音要向两边站.中心之间辅音连,一靠后,二

分手；多个中间偏左右,字母组合算一个

<音>

.多音节尾 -l -m –n

,前有辅音成

音节.

例子：学会一眼识破音节数目,运用语音规如此,做到见字读音.

闭音节：pen [pen], cap [kAp], bas*ket [`bB:skit], green [gri:n], book [buk],

and [ænd], eat [i:t],开音节：he [hi:], she [ʃi:], tea [ti:],my [mai], tea•

cher [`ti:tʃə], rea•dy [`redi], Ju•ly [`dʒu<:>lai], ru•ler [`ru:lə],

her [hə:],成音节： ta•ble [`teibl], ap•ple [pl], bot•tle [tl], mid•dle [dl], bi•cy•

cle [`baisikl], pen•cil [sl], •ven [`vn], e•le•ven [i `lev

<ə>

n], 不发音的

e 尾：e [kʌm], plea [pli:z], who [hu:z], nice [nais], name [neim], give [giv],

〔开音节的外形,多读长音.〕

.

4.单词重音〔重音符号ˊ〕：双音节和多音节词中常常重读一个音节,其它读轻

音.遇到生词,有音标当然省事,但在无音标的情况下,至于哪个音节要重读,

由于英语词源、构词、例外情况等诸多因素限制,不可能将每个生词读的完

全无误.只能掌握的一般规律：重音口诀：为了顺口有节奏,X口由大变到小

<

省气力>

,大口/长音多重读,还要保持身平衡

<整个单词发音>

,特别写法长又多

<特别是写

法很长的多音节词>

,倒数第三多琢磨.

<一般是>

前轻---中重----后又轻.哪儿平顺哪

<儿>

读重.一般具体做法是：①单音节都重读；这类单词很多.例如：meet, and,

class, which, hou, bread②双音节词▲ <发长音或大口音重读, 这类单词很多,

例如：`teacher [`ti:tʃə], `ruler [`ru:lə], `basket [`ba:skit], `apple [`æpl],

`table [`teibl],tired [`taiəd], `lazy [`leizi], `open [`əup

ə

n], // `sorry [`sɔri],

Ju`ly, pre`fer, po`lice, to`day, ▲ <两音平

<音长和X口大小接近的>

开头重读; 这类单词

很多,例如：`rubber, `Sandy, `sandwich, `pencil, `brother, woman, `sister, `ready,

`hungry, `very, `busy, `picture, `listen, `Betty, `empty, `pretty, clever [`klevə],

letter [ `letə], ▲ <带前后缀多词根重读.例如：a`gain, a`loud, a`sleep, be`gin,

be`fore, be`side, be`hind, /`quickly, `friendship, `boyish, `building, ④多音节词

倒数第三个元音字母<音节>重读.带前后缀多词根重读.例如：

`Italy,, A`merican, `beautiful, natio`nality, `exerci, `chocolate,

`newspaper, // suddenly, inter`national, `championship, `countable, `interesting,

mechano`therapy

<力学疗法>

, ③合成词保持开头单词的重音：例如：policeman,

`pencil-box, `football, `ice-cream, `classroom, `schoolboy, `postman, `milkman,

`tea-pot, `Jack-in-the-box, `hide-and-`ek, `snakes-and-`ladders,

小测试：给如下单词划分音节, 并拼读出来.<单音节词下划线,多音节词用竖线

分割.>1>. yes, here, sorry, yellow, football, brother, woman, sister, hungry, very,

thirsty, busy, tired, picture, quickly, evening, empty, children, school, funny,

actress, policewoman, open, clever, heavy, banana, 2>. exerci, beautiful, thick,

light, small, French, German, English, Italian, American, letter, mother, street,

colour, locker, dirty, towel, our, lady, twins. sandwich, duster, hurry, headmaster,

playground, 3>. upstairs, perhaps, asleep, today, holiday, animal, lollipop, instead,

biscuit, chocolate, minute, fine, shell, gate, near, under, newspaper, silly, beside,

behind, between, together, attention, laugh, matter, 4>. face, ear, aeroplane, goal,

trours, knife, chimney, water, make, turn, piece, easy, cour, watch, basin,

hopscotch, game, throw, stone, window, telescope, across, into, happen, prent,

birthday,

注意：这语音方面的技能需要在下面不断练习,我们可以把教材里的单词多多

练习.一有时间就拿起教材进展训练.天长日久,会取得你满意的效果.

.