平安夜的由来与传统 中英对照介绍

2024年3月19日发(作者：生活部申请书)

平安夜的由来与传统

简介：平安夜（Silent Night），即圣诞前夕（Christmas Eve，12月24日），

在大部分基督教国家是圣诞节节日之一，但现在，由于中西文化的融合，已成为

世界性的一个节日。平安夜传统上是摆设圣诞树的日子，但随着圣诞节的庆祝活

动提早开始进行，例如美国在感恩节后，不少圣诞树早在圣诞节前数星期已被摆

设。延伸发展至今平安夜不仅是指12月24日晚了，指的是圣诞前夕，特指12

月24日全天，但由于一般节日氛围在晚上容易调动起来，大型活动都集中在晚

上，固被称作平安夜，更加贴切。届时，千千万万的欧美人风尘仆仆地赶回家中

团聚。圣诞之夜必不可少的庆祝活动就是聚会。大多数欧美家庭成员团聚在家中，

共进丰盛的晚餐，然后围坐在熊熊燃烧的火炉旁，弹琴唱歌，共叙天伦之乐；或

者举办一个别开生面的化妆舞会，通宵达旦地庆祝圣诞夜是一个幸福、祥和、狂

欢的平安夜、团圆夜。期待着圣诞节的到来，据说圣诞之夜，圣诞老人会悄悄地

给孩子们准备礼物放在长筒袜里。

Christmas Eve is the evening before Christmas Day, the widel

y celebrated annual holiday. It occurson December 24 in West

ern Christianity and the cular world, and is considered on

e of the most culturally significant celebrations in Christen

dom and Western society, where it is widely obrved, by Ch

ristians and by many others, as a full or partial holiday

in anticipation of Christmas Day.

Christmas celebrations have long begun on the night of the

24, due in part to the Christianliturgical day starting at

sunt, a practice inherited from Jewish tradition and bad

on the story of Creation in the Book of Genesis: "And th

ere was evening, and there was morning – the first day."

Many churches still ring their church bells and hold prayers

in the evening; for example, the Nordic Lutheran churches.

Since tradition holds that Jesus was born at night (bad

in Luke 2:6-8), Midnight Mass is celebrated on Christmas E

ve, traditionally at midnight, in commemoration of his birth.

The idea of Jesus being born at night is reflected in th

e fact that Christmas Eve is referred to as Heilige Nacht

(Holy Night) in German, Nochebuena (the Good Night) in Spani

sh and similarly in other expressions of Christmas spirituali

ty, such as the song "Silent Night, Holy Night".

Many other varying cultural traditions and experiences are al

so associated with Christmas Eve around the world, including

the gathering of family and friends, the singing of Christ

mas carols, the illumination and enjoyment of Christmas light

s, trees, and other decorations, the wrapping and/or opening

of gifts, and general preparation for Christmas Day. Legend

ary Christmas gift-bearing figures including Santa Claus, Fath

er Christmas, Christkind, and Saint Nicholas are also often

said to depart for their annual journey to deliver prents

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to children around the world on Christmas Eve, although un

til the Protestant introduction of Christkind in 16th-century

Europe, such figures were said to instead deliver prents

on the eve of Saint Nicholas' feast day (December 6).

重点解析 Key Phras/Words

1. occur (v.) 发生，出现，存在

2. Western Christianity 西方基督教(拉丁语:Ecclesiae Occidentales)

3. cular (adj. ) 现世的，俗界的;长期的，长久的;不朽的;一世纪一次

的4. Christendom and Western society 基督教和西方社会

5. in anticipation of 期待着…；预计到…

6. due in part to 因为...的原因

7. liturgical (adj.) 正礼拜仪式的

8. Jewish tradition 犹太传统

9. in commemoration of (adv.) 纪念

10. varying (adj.) 不同的，变化的

11. be associated with 和...联系在一起，与...有关

12. illumination (n.) 照明;阐明，解释清楚;物照度;彩饰，图案花饰

13. Santa Claus 圣诞老人

14. depart for (v.) 出发去（某地）

15. deliver (v.) 发表;递送;交付;

16. Protestant (n.) 新教教徒 (adj.) 新教教徒的;新教的

17. Saint Nicholas' feast day 圣尼古拉斯节（每年的12月6日是欧洲

传统的“圣·尼古拉斯日”（St. Nikolas day）。传说每年的这一天，尼古

拉斯都会给孩子们带来糖果和小礼物，而他的随从克拉普斯（Krampus）则会惩

罚那些这一年中做了坏事的孩子。）

节日：圣诞节为什么要有袜子？

It is said that there was a goodness man went broke his d

omain. He lived a hard life and he had three daughters. Th

e three daughters were being married but he didn't have mon

ey to buy dower for his daughters.

传说有个心地善良的没落贵族，生活非常艰难。三个女儿快要出嫁了，他为没有

钱给她们买嫁妆而难过。

On the happy Chrismas Eve, three girls went to be dearly.

They didn't know that their father was so worried。

喜庆的圣诞夜，三个姑娘早早地蜷在炕上睡觉了，剩下父亲在长吁短叹。

At last the Chrismas father decided to help them . He be

sprinkled gold through the stack and the gold fell into the

socks of the man's daughters. They lived a happy life fro

m Chrismas socks was origined by this。

圣诞老人决定帮助他们。他在他们家的烟囱里撒下了许多金子，落进姑娘们烤在

火炉旁的长统丝袜里。从此，他们过上了幸福而快乐的生活……圣诞节的袜子就

这样产生。

圣诞节知识大扫盲

1. 圣诞节的来历是什么？

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In Christianity, Christmas is the festival celebrating the Na

tivity of Jesus, the Christian belief that the Messiah foret

old in the Old Testament's Messianic prophecies was born to

the Virgin Mary。

在基督教的传统中，圣诞节是为庆祝基督耶稣降生的节日。基督教徒相信，弥赛

亚告知圣母玛利亚孕育了上帝的儿子耶稣。

2. 传统的圣诞习俗有哪些？

Even in countries where there is a strong Christian traditio

n, Christmas celebrations can vary markedly from country to

country. For many Christians, a religious rvice plays an i

mportant part in the recognition of the ason. Secular proc

essions, featuring Santa Claus and other asonal figures are

often held. Family reunions and the exchange of gifts are

a widespread feature of the ason。

圣诞习俗国与国之间非常不同。对基督教徒来说，在圣诞节举行相应的宗教仪式

必不可少。世俗的传统，通常包含圣诞老人和其他节日特征。家庭会在这一天团

聚、互换礼物。

3. 各国的圣诞大餐都吃些啥？

A special Christmas family meal is an important part of the

celebration for many, but what is actually rved can vary

greatly from country to country. In England, and countries

influenced by its traditions, a standard

Christmas meal would include turkey, potatoes, vegetables, sau

sages and gravy, followed by Christmas pudding or mince pies

. In Poland and other parts of Eastern Europe and Scandinav

ia, fish often provides the traditional main cour, but ric

her meat such as lamb is increasingly rved. Ham is the m

ain meal in the Philippines, while in Germany, France and A

ustria, goo and pork are favored. Beef, ham and chicken i

n various recipes are popular throughout the world。

和习俗一样，各国的圣诞大餐也有差别。在英国，和英语文化圈，标准的圣诞大

餐通常包括火鸡、土豆、蔬菜、香肠和肉汁，以圣诞布丁或碎肉派结尾；在波兰

等东欧国家、包括斯堪的纳维亚半岛，鱼是圣诞餐的主菜，不过近年来类似羊肉

的红肉也越来越盛行；火腿是菲律宾的主菜；在德国、法国和澳洲，鹅和猪肉是

人们喜爱的菜肴；另外的，牛肉、火腿和鸡肉的菜肴在全球的圣诞菜单上都很流

行。4. 圣诞的传统装饰都有哪些？

Since the 19th century, the pointtia, a native plant from

Mexico, has been associated with Christmas. Other popular h

oliday plants include holly, mistletoe, red amaryllis, and Ch

ristmas cactus. Along with a Christmas tree, the interior of

a home may be decorated with the plants, along with gar

lands and evergreen foliage. In Australia, North and South A

merica, and Europe, it is traditional to decorate the outsid

e of hous with lights and sometimes with illuminated sleig

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hs, snow-men, and other Christmas figures. The traditional co

lors of Christmas are pine-green (evergreen)， snow white, an

d heart red。

自19世纪开始，一品红，一种原产于墨西哥的植物就和圣诞节联系起来。其他

流行的圣诞装饰植物还包括冬青树、懈寄生(拜痞子蔡所赐相信大家都知道了那

个著名的关于亲吻的故事)、红色宫人草和蟹爪兰。它们和圣诞树、花环、绿叶

一起用以装饰房间。在澳洲、南北美和欧洲，还有用灯泡、发光的雪橇、雪人和

其他圣诞人物装饰屋子外部的传统。圣诞节最传统的装饰颜色是青色、雪白和大

红。

5. 圣诞赞歌有什么来源吗？

In the thirteenth century, in France, Germany, and particular

ly, Italy, a strong tradition of popular Christmas songs in

the native language developed. Christmas carols in English

first appear in 1426. The songs we know specifically as car

ols were originally communal songs sung during celebrations l

ike harvest tide as well as Christmas。

13世纪，法国德国、特别是在意大利，用当地语言写成的圣诞歌开始流行起来。

第一首英语的圣诞赞歌写于1426年。现在为我们所熟知的那些圣诞赞歌应该是

和丰收节的传统一

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