(完整版)高中语法之常用时态语态详解

2024年3月14日发(作者：医工院)

(完整版)高中语法之常用时态语态详解

第四章 时态和语态

一．动词的时态

英语时态用共有十六种时态，其中常用的有8种,它们是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般

将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时.

时态

主动语态

具体形式

通式

肯定

肯定式

do/does

;

am/is/a

re

did

否定式

式

式

do/does

not do;

am/is/ar

e not

did not

d

o；

b

e

was/wer

do not

e done

do；

be not

否定

肯定式

被动语态

具体形式

通式

肯定

否定式

式

am/is/a

am/is/a

re not

re done

done

be

done

否定

式

一般现

在时

一般过

去时

;

was/wer

do；

e

was/were

not

will not

will

do;

do；

will be

will not

be

am/is/aam/is/ar

re e not

doing

doing

was/wer

e not

done

be

not

done

一般将

来时

will

will be

not be

注:be没有被

done

done

动形式

现在进

行时

过去进

行时

将来进

行时

现在完

成时

过去完

成时

am/is/a

re

being

be be not

done

was/were doing

doing

was/wer

was/wer

not e being

e doing

doing

done

will be

doing

be

bein

g

done

注：be通常不用

于进行时

have/hahave/has

s done

not done

had

done

had not

done

have

done

have/ha

have/ha

s not

s been

have

been

have have

done

not

done

not been

been

done

had had not

done

done

been been

done

done

(完整版)高中语法之常用时态语态详解

一。

般

将来完

在

成时

1。

成.

动

过去将

am

来时

现在完

成进行

时

will

have

done

would

do；

would

be

have/ha

s been

doing

will

have

been

done

would

not do;

would

not be

would

would

not be

be done

done

一

现

时.

构

be

词：

is

are ； 其他动词用动词原形，当主语是第三人称单数时要在谓语动词后加“s",其变化规则与

名词变复数一致。

2.用法. 1)。 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如usually， always，

often， ldom, never， every..。,

eg. I leave home for school at 7 every morning。

I don't leave home for school at 7 every morning.

Do I leave home for school at 7 every morning？

He usually gets up early。

He doesn’t usually get up early。

Does he usually get up early？

2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

eg。 The earth moves around the sun.

The earth doesn’t move around the sun 否定句

Does the earth move around the sun? 疑问句

Shanghai lies in the east of China。

Shanghai doesn't lie in the east of China 否定句

Does Shanghai lie in the east of China？ 疑问句

Water boils at 100 centigrade degrees。

3） 表示格言或警句中

eg。 Pride goes before a fall.

注意. 此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时.

eg. Columbus proved that the earth is round。。

4） 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。既用于某些不用于进行时态的静态动词表示现在的

行为和状态。

eg. She is shy. We love our country. Tom writes good English.

5） 某些动词如 come, go， move, stop， leave, arrive， finish， continue, start 等，

在一般现在时句中可用来表示将来肯定会发生的动作。 按时刻表发生

eg. The train comes at 3 o'clock。

6） 在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,一般现在时代替一般将来时。

eg。 I’ll help you as soon as you have problem。

Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him.

7） 用于文章标题、故事介绍、实况解说等。

eg。 There is a piece of meat in the crow's mouth and the fox wants to eat it。

He puts the sugar in the cup.

二．一般过去时

1。 构成：be动词用 was were ；其他动词用动词的过去式。

2。 用法：1）. 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况,通常一般过去式带有

表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before yesterday， last week,

two days ago 等，上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。

eg. I worked in that factory last year.