语言提高篇-同义词

2024年3月8日发(作者：欢迎下次光临)

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第一篇 语言提高篇

本篇目的和使用建议：

目的：如前面“雅思写作考试评分标准”所述，语言能力是雅思写作考试的主要考察目标，本章将从同义词转换、句型多样化、连词的准确使用三个方面帮助考生全面提高语言技巧。

建议：考生以每天定量分期同步学习这三方面的语言技能，不必过分追求速度，务求扎实稳健。如：可定量每天学习5至6组同义词+3个句型+一组连词

第一章 万用同义词

同义词在雅思写作中的意义已经在“雅思写作考试评分标准”中有比较详尽的说明。本章的同义词在各类话题的雅思写作中都具备高频需求的特点。局限于某类话题的同义词将在后面各话题词汇拓展中提供。

表示“提高，改善，进步，发展”的动词同义词

动词

advance

名词

advance

advancement

improvement

Progress

development

注释

进步或使进步

改善，提高

进步，提高

开发，发展

例句

e has advanced significantly in the past century.

Internet has advanced the way people communicate

with each other

Our lives have been improved a lot.

Traffic conditions have hardly progresd, although the

government has adopted some measurements.

crisis can be relead if alternative energies can be

developed.

economy will better develop if there is more cultural

exchange among nations.

tele-communication system has been upgraded by

digital technologies.

r weapons will upgrade social violence all over the

world.

Modern science has promoted our social productivity.

Overpopulation has accelerated the consumption of natural

resources.

improve

progress

develop

upgrade upgrade 升级

promote

accelerate

promotion

acceleration

推动，促进

加速

表示“获得，取得，实现”的动词同义词

动词

achieve

obtain

acquire

gain

fulfill

accomplish

注释

获得，获取

获得

获得

得到

实现，完成

达到，实现

Teamwork is required to fulfill the task.

(fulfill和accomplish用法基本相同)

例句

Success can not be achieved without effort.

Knowledge can be obtained in many ways.

(obtain, acquire, gain用法基本相同)

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realize 实现 One of the purpos of taxing is to realize a more balanced wealth

allocation.

表示“造成，带来，导致”的动词同义词

动词

bring about

produce

create

lead to

cau

result in

give ri to

generate

deliver

by-produce

注释

带来

造成，制造

制造

导致

导致

导致

造成，使。。。更加严重

产生

带来

附带制造

例句

The globalization has brought about extensive cultural exchange.

Advertiments produce more profit for business.

We should create value for society, not problems.

Stress leads to health problems.

Drink and drive caud the accident.

Air transport also result in pollution.

The increasing number and u of automobiles gives ri to traffic

problems.

New ideas need to be generated.

The media deliver massive information to us.

While modern technologies have enabled humans to have stronger

productivity, they have also by-produced some negative effects.

表示“影响，起作用”的动词同义词

动词

impact on/upon

affect

influence

impress on

infect

名词

impact(s)

effect

influence

impression

infection

注释

影响

影响

影响

影响

感染

例句

The rapid changes impact on everybody.

People’s mood is likely to be affected by the weather.

Teachers influence students.

What is reported by the media often impress on the public.

We are suppod to infect other social members to be aware of

environmental problems with our enthusiasm.

impress on 尤指对人的思想的影响

infect通常用于传染疾病，但也表示用情感或气氛感染他人

influence的形容词influential非常常用，表示“有影响力的”

表示“改变，重新塑造”的动词同义词

动词

change

alter

transform

update

innovate

名词

change

alternation

transformation

update

innovation

注释

改变

改变

彻底改变

更新

创新

例句

People’s opinions and lifestyles have changed a lot.

Scientists have altered the world.

The country has transformed since it was opened to the

world.

Knowledge is now updated on a daily basis.

To innovate is to progress.

另有remodel, redesign, reengineer，reform 和restructure等词表示“重塑，改革重新改造”之意的及物动词，多为褒义，表示积极改造了什么。

Some people say Bill Gates has remodeled the US economy.

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The road systems in most mega cities require to be restructured to cope with modern transport.

表示“对。。。有利，对。。。有好处”的动词同义词

动词

benefit

benefit from

be beneficial to

favour

be favourable to/for

profit

profit from

be preferential for

do good to

注释

对…有好处

从…中受益

对…有好处

对…有利

对…有利

对…有益处

从…中获益

对...有优惠

对…有好处

例句

The new policies will benefit rural development.

It is wi to learn to benefit from previous experience.

A variety of food is beneficial to health.

The contract ems to favour us.

The past focus of the government was favourable for urban

growth.

Superb language abilities firstly profit the survival of new

migrants and international student.

Most societies profit from the cultural globalization.

Taxation should always be preferential for low-income people.

The computer and the Internet does good to information

delivery.

表示“对。。。不利，对。。。有坏处，破坏”的动词同义词

动词

harm/ do harm to

Hurt/ damage

destruct /undermine

jeopardize

ruin/destroy

demolish/smash

spoil

endanger/threat

hazard/risk

put something in danger

注释

伤害，破坏

伤害，损坏

破坏

危害

毁坏，毁灭

拆除，粉碎

搞糟，溺爱

威胁，危及

例句

Smoking does harm to health.

Tourism might damage the ecology.

The environment has been undermined by industries.

The scandal jeopardizes the president’s reputation.

Drug abu will ruin a person’s life.

Shanties have been demolished to make place for new

residential buildings.

Bad behaviour spoils a person’s image.

Children nowadays are spoiled.

Industrial pollution endangers wild lives.

使。。。糟危险 Smokers also risk the health of non-smokers.

使。。。糟危险 High tech communication is putting our sociability in danger.

expo something to risk 使。。。糟危险 To allow unhealthy information to appear in the media is to

expo the young to the risk of misbehaving.

表示“加强, 加重”的动词同义词

动词

enhance

注释

加强, 提高

例句

The capability of pollution treatment has been enhanced as a

result of the application of environmentally friendly

technologies.

People’s ability of preventing against infective dias has

been strengthened by means of modern medication.

The government reinforced road safety control.

Violence will be intensified by nuclear weapons.

strengthen

reinforce

intensify

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加强, 巩固

加强, 增援

加强, 加重

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表示“恶化”的动词同义词

动词

deteriorate

exacerbate

worn

注释

（使）恶化

（使）恶化

（使）恶化

例句

Traffic conditions deteriorated becau of accidents.

Poverty, unemployment and illiteracy exacerbates criminal

intention.

The bad weather worned her mood.

表示“减轻，缓解，释放，解决”的动词同义词

动词

lighten

ea

weaken

abate

relea

relieve

liberate

ttle

solve

cope with

注释

减轻

减轻，放松

减弱

减轻, 缓解

缓解，释放

缓解，释放

解放，释放

解决

解决

解决，应对

例句

Measurements are expected to lighten the study burden of

children.

Life is ead by technologies.

The abu of technologies has weakened people’s capabilities.

To abate pollution disposal is more effective than to passively

treat the wastes.

People do not have much time to relea their stress.

Houwives have been relieved from heavy home chores

owing to the wide u of electrics.

Human labours have been liberated by machines.

To ttle the problem, measurements must be taken.

(the same as “ttle”)

People have to keep learning to cope with the fast changing

world.

表示“强调，集中于…, 提倡，宣扬”的动词同义词

动词

emphasize

stress

focus on

concentrate on

advocate

promote

propagandize

adverti

注释

强调，着重

强调，着重

聚焦，注视

集中于…

倡导，鼓吹

促进，发扬

宣传，传播

做广告

例句

Exams are excessively emphasized by educators.

The protection of cultural heritages must be stresd.

The government tend to focus on urban development.

Students can hardly concentrate on their studying if they are

addicted to computer games.

Moral codes are expected to be advocated in our society.

A n of social responsibility ought to be extensively

promoted.

It is ridiculous that nuke makers are propagandizing for

nuclear disarmament.

The purpo of commercial promotions is to adverti

products.

表示“忽视，忽略, 低估，看轻”的动词同义词

动词

neglect

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注释

忽略

例句

Smoking in public neglects the interest of non-smokers.

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overlook

ignore

underestimate

undervalue

underrate

despi

disregard

忽略

忽略

低估，轻视

低估

低估，轻视

鄙视，蔑视

鄙视，蔑视

It is immorality rather than poverty that should be despid

New graduates are likely to be biad and their capabilities

tend to be underestimated.

表示“尊重，在乎，赏识”的动词同义词

动词

value

appreciate

mind

care about

treasure

respect

注释

重视，在乎

赏识，欣赏

在乎，介意

在乎，重视

珍视，重视

尊重

例句

Your opinions are valued.

Applied technologies are highly appreciated by modern

society.

To follow social rules is what we should mind.

People ud to care about their families, but now we have

become lf-centred.

Historic buildings are suppod to be treasured.

Respect others, and then be respected.

表示“保障，确保, 保护, 防御，预防”的动词同义词

动词

guarantee

cure

ensure

assure

promi

pledge

safeguard

protect

defend

prevent

注释

保证，保障

保证，保障

保证，保障

保证，保障

保证，保障

保证，抵押

保证，保卫

保护

防御

预防

The government is expected to pledge a larger literacy rate in

the next year.

The army safeguards the country.

We need to protect wild lives from further hurt.

Anti-virus software defends people from hacker attacks.

Modern medical techniques prevent people from being

infected by some dias.

例句

Citizens’ rights and interests are guaranteed by the law.

Life can be basically cured by the welfare system.

Safety is ensured by obedience to laws and rules.

表示“面临，遭遇，经历”的动词同义词

动词

encounter

confront

注释

遇到，面临

面临，遭遇

例句

Young people need to learn to cope with problems they might

encounter in society.

1． Most international students will confront the problem of

homesickness.

2． A entirely different cultural environment will confront

international students with confusion.

3． Overas students are often confronted with a variety of

problems.

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face

experience

undergo

Suffer （from）

endure

stand

bear

面对

经历

经历，遭遇

遭受，承受

忍耐

忍耐, 承受

忍耐, 承受

(用法与encounter, confront基本相同)

One of the significance of overas study is to experience

another culture.

The country is undergoing economic crisis at the moment.

Aged people suffer a lot from disabilities.

Human society will have to endure the heavy burden

produced by the aging of population.

用法与endure基本相同

表示“服从，遵从”的动词同义词

动词

obey

comply with

follow

obrve

keep to

注释

服从

遵守，遵从

遵守，遵从

遵守

遵守

例句

In Chine culture, children are suppod to obey their

parents on no condition.

Road safety can be guaranteed if everybody complies to

traffic rules.

Schools are responsible for teaching students to follow moral

codes.

It is a very basic quality to obrve the law.

People tend to keep to their own customs even in a different

culture.

表示“违反，违背，侵犯，触犯”的动词同义词

动词

disobey

violate

breach

break

offend

act against

go against

infringe

infract

注释

不服从

触犯，违犯

违背，大破

违反，打破

冒犯，侵犯

违反

违反

触犯

触犯

People’s rights are often offended by camera surveillance.

Some immature young people think it is cool to act against

school discipline.

The police will nd you a ticket if you are found to have

infringed traffic rules.

例句

Teenagers, rebellious as they are, are very likely to disobey

their parents.

The privacy of celebrities are often violated by paparazzi.

Penalty is the pay for breaching the law.

表示“采取措施，致力于…”的动词同义词

动词 注释 例句

Effective measurements are expected to be adopted to cope

with the increasingly rious traffic problems.

Students need to work on English before they go to further

their education overas.

Factories are suppod to make effort on reducing pollution.

adopt measurements to 采取措施

do sth.

work on (doing) sth. 致力于

make effort on (doing) 致力于

sth.

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make commitment to 致力于

(doing) sth.

approach sth. 动手处理

The whole society should make commitment to solving

environmental problems.

The government has approached the overheating of the stock

market.

表示“对…负责任”的动词同义词

动词

be responsible

(doing) sth.

be obliged to do sth.

be liable for (doing) sth.

to share/take

responsibility

(doing) sth.

注释

for 对…有责任

对…有责任

对…有责任

例句

Parents are partially responsible for the behaviour of their

children.

The government is obliged to rve the public.

It is every individual’s duty to follow social rules.

Employers are liable for insuring their employees.

Business are suppod to share half of the responsibility for

taking care of their retired employees.

Individuals should voluntarily shoulder the obligation for

protecting public resources.

it is one’s duty to do sth. 对…有责任

the 承担…的责for 任

to shoulder the 承担…的责obligation for (doing) 任

sth.

to bear the liability for 承担…的责(doing) sth. 任

表示“帮助, 资助, 援助”的动词同义词

动词

offer help to sb./sth.

provide aid to sb./sth.

assist

help

financially

sb./sth.

subsidize

sponsor

注释

向…提供帮助

向…提供帮助

帮助

帮助

support 资助

例句

Teachers are obliged to offer help to students who suffer from

psychological problems.

The government is suggested to provide extra aid to

underdeveloped areas.

Computers can assist education but can hardly replace

teachers.

Parents can help the young overcome difficulties.

The public transport system is financially supported by the

authorities, the fare cannot be so cheap otherwi.

The Olympic Games is sponsored by thousands of firms.

资助，给津贴 To subsidize traditional artists is to save national culture.

赞助

表示“使用，利用”的动词同义词

动词

employ

hire

make u of

u

77

注释

应用，雇佣

租用，雇佣

利用

使用，利用

例句

Sophisticated technologies are employed in space rearch.

Most business have not yet hired environmentally friendly

technologies.

China is making full u of the opportunities brought about by

the 2008 Olympic Games.

The younger generation can better u the computer.

路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库

utilize

adopt

apply sth. to sth.

利用

采用

把…应用于…

Natural resources are limited and therefore should be utilized

in the most effective way.

Powerful measurements are suppod to be adopted to solve

the problem.

Modern technologies are applied to almost every aspect of our

lives.

表示“放弃，废止，淘汰，清除”的动词同义词

动词

give up

abandon

quit

eliminate

era

remove

get rid of

注释

放弃，戒除

抛弃，放弃

退出，放弃

淘汰，清除

除去，抹去

移开，清除

去掉，摆脱

例句

It is not easier to give up smoking than to quit drugs.

Schools cannot simply abandon the so-called bad students.

People cannot entirely quit traditions.

Unskilled people get eliminated in this age.

Unhealthy information must be erad from the media.

表示“交流，沟通”的动词同义词

动词

communicate

exchange

interchange

talk to

注释

交流，沟通

交换，交流

交换，交流

交流，对话

例句

The purpo of the media is to communicate information.

Cultural exchange is significant in the relationship between

nations.

People interchange their ideas while discussing.

The two sides are talking to each other.

表示“被认为，被看作”的动词同义词

动词

be regarded as

be considered

be perceived as

be recognized as

be acknowledged as

注释

被看作

被当作

被看作

被公认

被承认

例句

The Internet is regarded as one of the greatest inventions of

the 20th century by most young people. For tech-phobias,

however, it is considered a disaster.

The 2000 Sydney Olympic Games is recognized as to be very

successful.

表示“立法，制定法规，管理，约束”的动词同义词

动词

legislate to do sth.

Make laws to do

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注释

例句

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表示“重要的、显著的、关键的”的形容词同义词

形容词

important

significant

crucial

esntial

vital

critical

primary

副词

importantly

significantly

crucially

esntially

vitally

critically

primarily

重要的

显著的，重要的

重要的

重要的，必须的

至关重要的

至关重要的，关键的

主要的，最重要的，基本的

注释 举例

an important factor

a significant progress

a crucial condition

a esntial measurement

a vital part

a critical person

a primary concern

此外，prime (最主要的)，major (主要的)，key（关键的）, main（主要的）和core（核心的）等词也常常会用到。

表示“好处，益处”和“坏处，缺点”的名词同义词

名词

benefit

merit

advantage

profit

positive effect

excellence

注释

好处（可数）

优点（可数）

利益，利润（可数）

积极效应（可数）

优异之处

名词

harm

defect/shortcoming/drawback

loss

negative influence

trouble

problem/headache

side effect

注释

害处

缺点（可数）

缺点，不利之处（可数）

损失

负面影响

麻烦

问题（可数）

负面作用（可数）

优点，优越之处（可数） disadvantage

表示“好的，优秀的，优越的”和“不好的，欠缺的”的形容词同义词

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