2024年3月6日发(作者:z的读音)
西方国家的传统节日
New Year 新年
在西方国家,尽管圣诞节才是最大的节日,新年在人们心目中仍占有不可替代的重要地位。除夕之夜(New Year's Day)晚会是庆祝新年到来必不可少的活动。西方各国的人们都喜欢在欢快的乐曲和绚丽的光彩中喜气洋洋地度过一年的最后一个夜晚,从而迎来新一年的第一天。
Valentine's Day情人节
情人节:在西方一些国家中,有一个极富有浪漫色彩、最受情侣们欢迎的节日,这就是每年2月14日举行的情人节。对那些心有所属,平日又羞于启齿的痴情男女来说,情人节是倾心吐露心底秘密的佳期。在情人节的前一天夜里,姑娘们便采来月桂树的叶子,贴在枕头上,希望在梦中见到意中的情人。而3月14作为延续,还有白色情人节。
Easter 复活节
复活节(Easter)是基督教耶酥复活的重大节日。在每年春分日(3月21日)之后月满的第一个星期天就是《圣经》中讲到耶稣复活的日子。对基督徒而言,复活节仅次于圣诞节。公元325年,尼西亚会议决定,为纪念基督教的创始人耶酥复活,将每年的春分月圆后的第一个星期日定为复活节,所
以,复活节每年的具体日期不确定。按照基督教的习惯,在复活节的前一天,教徒们要举行夜间祈祷。复活节这一天要举行宗教仪式和活动, 如“圣餐”等,人们见面的第一句话就是“主复活了”。然后人们互赠彩蛋,小孩吃兔子糖,讲兔子的故事。
April Fool's Day愚人节
愚人节(April Fool's Day/All Fool's Day)是一个比较特殊的节日。时间是每年的4月1日。按照西方国家的习俗,在愚人节这一天,人们可以任意说谎骗人,愚弄他人。骗人越高,越能得到推崇。在愚人节受到愚弄的人被称为 April Fool ( 4月愚人)。如今的愚人节在美国已主要是淘气的男孩子们的节。
Mother's Day 、Father's Day母亲节父亲节
在美国,有两个人情味极浓的节日:母亲节和父亲节。母亲节是由一位名叫贾维斯的妇女倡导,并由她的女儿安娜·贾维斯发起创立的,作为一个感谢母亲的节日,最早出现在古希腊,时间是每年的一月八日,而在中国、美国、加拿大和一些其他国家,则是每年5月的第二个星期天,其他一些国家的日期也并不一样。父亲节是由约翰·布鲁斯·多德夫人倡议成立的,美国总统尼克松1972年签署了议会决议。世界上
有52个国家和地区是在每年6月的第三个星期日庆祝父亲节。我国台湾地区的父亲节是每年的8月8日。这两个节日创立后,也得到了全世界各国人民的支持,成了名副其实的国际性节日。
Halloween万圣节
万圣节是西方传统节日——鬼节。在每年的11月1日。10月31日是万圣节前夕,通常叫做万圣节前夜(万圣夜)。传说中所有的鬼在当天会来到人间…人们为吓唬大鬼小鬼,把自己也打扮成各种鬼模样,以避免被鬼抓走。万圣节虽然是国外的习俗庆典,令人印象深刻的是——大家会挨家挨户要糖吃,不给糖吃就捣蛋,这个最受孩子们喜爱。
Thanksgiving Day 感恩节
每逢11月第四个星期四,美国人民便迎来了自己最重要的传统民俗节日——感恩节。这个节日始于1621年秋天,远涉重洋来到美洲的英国移民,感谢当时当地印第安人的帮助。
Halloween(万圣节前夜)
Halloween is an annual celebration. The word itlf,
"Halloween," actually has its origins in the Catholic Church.
November 1, "All Hollows Day" (or "All Saints Day"), is a
Catholic day of obrvance in honor of saints One story says
that, on that day, the dimbodied spirits of all tho who had
died throughout the preceding year would come back in arch
of living bodies to posss for the next year. It was believed to
be their only hope for the afterlife. The Celts believed all laws
of space and time were suspended during this time, allowing the
spirit world to intermingle with the living.
Naturally, the still-living did not want to be possd. So
on the night of October 31, villagers would extinguish the fires
in their homes, to make them cold and undesirable. They would
then dress up in all manner of ghoulish costumes and noisily
paraded around the neighborhood, being as destructive as
possible in order to frighten away spirits looking for bodies to
posss.
So, although some cults may have adopted Halloween as
their favorite "holiday," the day itlf did not grow out of evil
practices. It grew out of the rituals of Celts celebrating a new
year, and out of Medieval prayer rituals of Europeans. And
today, even many churches have Halloween parties or pumpkin
carving events for the kids.
Halloween这个词本身来源于天主教. 11月1日, "All
Hollows Day" (or "All Saints Day"),称为万圣节, 是用于举行
仪式尊敬圣人的天主教日.其中有一种说法是, 在那一天, 那些先前死去的还在飘浮的灵魂会回来为来年的复生找一些活人来附体. 他们认为这是转世的唯一希望. 教徒们深信这段时间内所有的时间及空间都是被悬浮的, 以便于让灵魂世界与我们的生活空间相混合. 活着的人自然不想被附身,所以10月30日的晚上, 村民会熄灭家中的火焰, 把家里弄得很冷,没人想来. 他们还会穿上各类象鬼一样的服装上街大声的**, 尽可能的搞些破坏来吓走那些想找人附体的鬼魂。因此, 尽管部分信徒可能已接受万圣节前夕为他们最喜爱的节日, 但这一天本身并不是来源于邪恶的惯例,而是由于凯尔特人庆祝新年和中世纪欧洲人的祈祷仪式. 今天, 甚至在很多教堂都会举行万圣节前夕晚会或让孩子们雕刻南瓜灯笼,到各家敲门玩TRICK OR TREAT的游戏。
Thanksgiving(感恩节)
The first American Thanksgiving was celebrated in 1621,
to commemorate the harvest reaped by the Plymouth Colony
after a harsh winter. In that year Governor William Bradford
proclaimed a day of thanksgiving. The colonists celebrated it as
a traditional English harvest feast, to which they invited the
local Wampanoag Indians.
Days of thanksgiving were celebrated throughout the
colonies after fall harvests. All thirteen colonies did not,
however, celebrate Thanksgiving at the same time until October
1777. George Washington was the first president to declare the
holiday, in 1789.
第一个美国人庆贺的感恩节在1621年,为了纪念普利茅斯殖民地的人民在经过一个歉收荒芜的冬季后迎来丰收。在那一年,州长William Bradford宣布那天作为感恩节。殖民者把它当成传统的英国丰收节日来庆贺,在当天,他们还邀请当地的印地安的万泊诺亚格人。感恩的节日延续了整个秋季的收获季节,但其他的十三个殖民地没有庆贺这个节日,直到1777年10月。乔治-华盛顿在1789年宣布把它定为节日,他也是第一位宣布感恩节的总统。
Christmas Day
The name Christmas is short for 'Christ's Mass'. A Mass is
a kind of Church rvice. Christmas is a religious festival. It is
the day we celebrate as the birthday of Jesus.
There are special Christmas rvices in Christian churches
all over the world. But many of the festivities of Christmas do
not have anything to do with religion. Exchanging gifts and
nding Christmas cards are the modern ways of celebrating the
Christmas in the world.
On Christmas Day, many people will have big parties.
They like eating turkey(火鸡), fruits and drinking some juice
for supper. After supper, many people will go out for shopping
and walking (walk) with their children. There are a lot of special
things: Christmas trees, socks, Christmas card and some
prents. So in Christmas Day, all the families are very happy.
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