八年级英语下册Unit6EnjoyingCycling词汇精讲精练2新版仁爱版4 (2

2024年2月29日发(作者：c站是什么)

Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling

词汇精讲精练

句式精讲

1. It’s too far to cycle.

too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not，只接动词原形即可，too后接形容词或副词原形。例如：

The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。

【拓展】

（1）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后所跟的介词不能省略。例如：

The room is too small to live in. 这房间太小了不能住。

（2）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式的宾语实际上就是这个句子的主语时，动词不定式后面不能再加代词作宾语。例如：

The question is too difficult to answer. 这个问题太难了，无法回答。

（3）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式能确切说明动作执行者时，可以在动词不定式前面加上逻辑主语，即for sb.形式。例如：

The box is too heavy for him to carry. 箱子太沉了，他搬不动。

（4）含too…to…的句子可以改写成so…that…句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。例如：

He is too old to do hard work. =He is so old that he can’t do hard work.

他年纪太大而不能干重活。

（5）含too…to…的句子也可以用“not + 形容词/副词 + enough to do sth.”句型来替换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如：

He is too old to do hard work. =He is not young enough to do hard work.

他年纪大了，不能做重活。

2. I have some exciting news to tell you.

to tell you由to+动词原形构成的动词不定式，在句子中作定语，放在所修饰的名词之后。例如：

Do you know the best way to learn English well?

你知道学好英语的最佳方法吗？

【注意】

动词不定式作定语时，总是后置，不定式与其所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，而该不定式为不及物动词时，其后须加上适当的介词，构成及物动词短语。 例如：

I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一间屋子住。

I need a piece of paper to write on. 我需要一张写字用的纸。

【拓展】

不定式还有以下用法：

（1）作主语。例如：

To e is to believe. 眼见为实。

（2）作宾语。这样的动词有：want; hope; ask; decide等。例如：

I want to be a football player. 我想成为一名足球运动员。

（3）作宾语补足语。这样的动词有：ask; teach; want; tell; allow等。例如：

He asked me to come here in time. 他叫我及时到达这里。

（4）作表语。例如：

My wish is to become a famous pianist.

我的愿望就是成为一名著名的钢琴家。

3. Why don’t we go out for the day?

“Why don’t +主语（名词或代词）+动词原形+其他？”相当于“Why not+动词原形+其他？”并不表示疑问，而是征求意见和提出建议。例如：

Why don’t you go swimming? = Why not go swimming? 为什么不去游泳呢？

— Why not play football with us? 为什么不和我们去踢足球呢？

— That sounds like a good idea. 这是个好主意。

4. While Jane was singing, I was reading a book.

while 作连词，意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，并且是主句和从句动作同时发生，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词或表状态，且常用进行时态。例如：

He came in while I was watching TV. 当我在看电视时，他进来了。

【拓展】

while; when与as的辨析：

（1）while强调动作同时进行，从句常用进行时，其动词必须为延续性动词或表状态。例如：

He was watching TV while she was cooking.

她做饭时，他在看电视。

（2）when既可指动作同时进行，也可指先后发生，从句中的动作既可是延续性动词，也可是非延续性动词。若是同时发生且为延续性动词，则可与while互换；若when作并列连词，表示“就在那时，这时候”则只能用when，并且when引导的从句只能放在后面。例如：

When the alien got out, the girl was shopping. = While the girl was shopping, the alien got

out.

当外星人出来时，小女孩在购物。

We were watching TV when there was a knock at the door.

我们在看电视，这时有人敲门。

（3）as多指主句从句两动作同时发生，常翻译为“一边……一边……”。例如：

They talked as they walked. 他们边走边谈。

5. Bicycle riding is good exerci.

bicycle riding为动名词短语，在句子中做主语。动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如：

Swimming is good for our health. 游泳对我们的健康有益。

【拓展】

动名词和不定式都可以作主语，但在用法上有区别：

（1）不定式作主语通常表示一次性、未来的且具体的特指动作，而动名词作主语通常表示习惯性、经常性和不具体的泛指动作。例如：

Walking is a good form of exerci for both the young and the old.

步行对年轻人和老年人来说都是一种好的锻炼形式。

To carry the heavy box is not easy for the boy.

对这个男孩来说，搬这个箱子是不容易的。

（2）动名词作主语和不定式作主语有时可以互换。例如：

Playing with fire is dangerous. = To play with fire is dangerous. 玩火是危险的。

6. If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents.

if做连词，意为“如果”。本句是含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句，要注意：if 条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。遵循“主将从现”原则。另外，主句也可以用祈使句或含有情态动词的句子。例如：

We will go to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。

Don’t wait for me if I am late.

如果我晚了就不要等我。

If you want to lo weight, you must eat less bread.

如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。

7. We should never ride too fast.

should作情态动词，意为“应当，应该”。表示义务、责任，可用于各种人称，无人称和数的变化，也不能单独作谓语，只能和动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态；否定形式为should not，缩写为shouldn’t。其主要用法有：

（1）表示责任和义务，意为“应该”。例如：

You should take your teacher’s advice.

你应该听从你老师的建议。

You shouldn’t be late for class.

你不应该上课迟到。

（2）表示推断，意为“可能，该”。例如：

The train should have already left.

火车可能已经离开了。

句式精练

I. 补全对话。

根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。

A: Hello! May I speak to Rita?

B: This is Rita. 1. _________________________?

A: Hi, Rita. This is Candy. Would you like to go to Xian ping Park(咸平公园）tomorrow?

B: Great! I’d like to. What time shall we start?

A: 2. _________________________?

B: All right, 8 o’clock is fine. Oh, 3. _________________________?

A: It will be sunny. So plea bring your sunglass. By the way, do you have Jack’s telephone

number? He’ll go with us.

B: 4. _________________________. I’ll call him later. But where shall we meet together

tomorrow?

A: At our school gate.

B: OK. 5. _________________________?

A: We can take NO. 2 bus to there.

B: See you tomorrow.

A: See you.

II. 句型转换，每空一词。

1. Why don’t you go to school earlier?(改为同义句)

____ ____ go to school earlier?

2. Get up early, or you will be late.(改为同义句)

____ ____ ____ get up early, you ____ be late.

3. Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.(改为同义句)

Shanghai is ____ ____ ____ in China.

4. The train ticket cost him ￥120. (对划线部分提问)

____ ____ ____ the train ticket ____ ____?

5. It often takes about 16 hours to go from Beijing to Shanghai by train. (对划线部分提问)

____ ____ ____ it often ____ to go from Beijing to Shanghai by train?

6. Tony doesn’t know which book he should choo. (改为同义句)

Tony doesn’t know which book ____ ____.

7. I would like to come to China for my vacation. (改为一般疑问句)

____ ____ like to come to China for ____ vacation.

8. It’s very hard to work out the math problem.(同义句)

_____ _____ _____ the math problem is very hard.

9. Tom gets a letter from his father every month. (改为同义句)

Tom ____ ____ his father every month.

10. Lucy will give a phone call to her friend. Lucy will get off the plane. (用as soon as合并为一

句)

Lucy will give a phone call to her friend ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____.

III. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。

1. 你收到李伟的来信了吗？

Did you _______ ________ Li Wei?

2. 他们在盼望着游览北京。

They are _______ _______ _______ _______ Beijing.

3. 我想只有Peter能想出这些奇怪的主意。

I think only Peter can _______ ________ the strange ideas.

4. Jane 经常在星期天帮她妈妈打扫房间。

Jane often ______ her mother ______ the room.

5. Michael建议我们筹钱。

Michael ______ us ________ _______ _______.

6. 看！康康正在看电视而明明正忙着做作业。

Look！Kangkang TV while Mingming is busy his homework.

7. 你能帮我们做个参观长城的计划吗？

Would you help us to visit the Great Wall?

8. 我很高兴收到你的明信片。

I’m to your postcard.

9. 走路大约需要两个半小时。

It’s about ________ ________on foot.

10. 那个男孩看起来不同意妈妈的意见。

The boy emed to his mother.

参考答案

I. 补全对话。

1. Who is that (speaking)?

2. What/How about 8 o’clock?

3. How will the weather be tomorrow?

4. Yes, I do.

5. How can we get there?

II. 句型转换, 每空一词。

1. Why not you don’t; will 3. the largest city much did; cost him

5. How long does; take 6. to choo 7. Would you; your 8. To work out

9. hears from 10. as soon as she gets off the plane

III. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。

from g forward to visiting of ; clean

d to rai money 6. is watching; doing 7. make a plan

8. glad/ happy; receive 9. two and a half hours / two hours and a half 10. disagree withUnit

7 Food Festival

词句精讲精练

句式精讲

1. As a result, a bad man killed him.

as a result为习惯用语，意为“因此；结果”。例如：

He defeated all competitors and won the scholarship as a result。

他击败了所有的竞争者，最终赢得了奖学金。

The traffic was very heavy and as a result we didn’t arrive on time.

交通十分拥挤，因此我们没能准时到达。

【拓展】

as a result of 意为“由于”。例如：

He was late as a result of the snow.

由于大雪他迟到了。

Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness.

久病使她的心脏受到一些损伤。

2. Young people like us raid most of the money.

like作介词,意为“像……，和……一样”。例如：

She looks like her mother. 她看起来像她的妈妈。

We don’t need a man like him. 我们不需要像他这样的人。

【拓展】

like是一个使用频率较高的词,它既可作动词,又能作介词。like作动词，用法如下：

（1）作及物动词,意为“喜欢”, 后接名词或代词,表示对某一事物的兴趣或爱好。例如：

I like fish and vegetables very much. 我喜欢（吃）鱼和蔬菜。

Jack doesn’t like his work. 杰克不喜欢他的工作。

(2) 常与would, should连用,表示“想要、愿意、希望”,语气较为客气委婉。例如：

Would you like something to drink? 你想要喝点什么吗?

（3）like后接动词不定式作宾语,表示喜欢某项特定的或具体的活动, 后也可跟动词的-ing形式作宾语,常表示一般性的行为爱好。例如：

Do you like to play basketball? 你喜欢去玩篮球吗？

They like playing games. 他们喜欢玩游戏。

3. I will turn to our teachers.

turn to这里意为“求助”。例如：

The child turned to his mother for comfort.

那孩子向母亲寻求安慰。

【拓展】

(1) take turns to do, take turns at doing 或do by turns都表示“轮流做某事”。It’s one’s turn

表示“轮到某人做某事”。例如：

We take turns to make/at making dinner.

=We make dinner by turns. 我们轮流做晚饭。

It’s your turn to recite the passage. 轮到你背诵这篇课文了。

(2) turn的常用短语：

turn down 关小(音量等)；拒绝

turn off 关掉(（煤气、水、电、收音机、电视机等电器、水龙头等)

turn on 打开(电器、煤气等)

turn up 调大(音量等)；出现，出席

4. I will think about how to hold the food festival.

how to hold the food festival是“疑问词+不定式”结构，作动词think about的宾语。疑问代词who, what,

which等和疑问副词when, where, how等后面跟不定式，这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语的补语，状语，同位语等句子成分。注意：疑问副词why后不能跟动词不定式。例如：

Where to go is still a question. 到哪里去还是个问题。（作主语）

Choosing what to eat is no longer as easy as it once was.（作宾语）

选择吃什么,已经不像以前那么简单了。

The question is how to learn English well. （作表语）

问题是怎样学好英语。

【注意】

“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构经常用在某些动词后作宾语，类似的动词有：tell, show, know, learn,

teach, find out, forget, wonder, remember等。例如：

I’ll show you how to do it. 我要让你看看如何做这件事。,

You’d better find out where to put it.

你最好弄清楚要把它放在哪里。

5. Let’s try our best to make it a success.

(1) make用作及物动词，后接复合宾语，表示“使……成为……；使成为……”时，通常由形容词、名词、介词短语充当宾语补足语。例如：

Loud music makes me uncomfortable. 吵闹的音乐使我不舒服。

The teacher tried his best to make himlf a good friend of his pupils.

那位老师尽力使自己成为学生的好朋友。

（2）make用作及物动词，意为“使；让”，在主动语态中其后要跟省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，而在被动语态中，to不能省去。例如：

Don’t make the baby cry anymore. 不要再让那个孩子哭了。

She was made to wait for over an hour. 她被迫等了一个多钟头。

【拓展】

类似于make这种用法的动词还有let, have, hear, e, watch, notice, feel等。例如：

I saw him put the key into the keyhole, turn it and open the door.

我看见他把钥匙插进锁孔，转动钥匙，然后打开了门。

She was en to go into the classroom.

有人看见她进了教室。

6. I was so angry that I decided to help them.

decide是动词，意为“决定，选定”。名词为decision。

(1) decide sth.意为“决定某事”。 例如：

I can’t decide anything at the moment. 现在我不能做出任何决定。

(2) decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。 例如：

We decide to go to Paris next month. 我们决定下个月去巴黎。

(3) decide on…意为“由……决定；决定于……”。后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。例如：

I decided on going to Beijing at last. 最后我决定去北京了。

My mother decided on the red dress. 我妈妈决定买下那件红色的裙子。

句式精练

I. 按要求完成下列句子。

1. He is from Nigeria. I know. (改为复合句)

I know _______ _______ _______ _______.

2. I turn to my math teacher. (改为同义句)

I _______ my math teacher for help.

3. I think he can make a chee pie. (改为否定句)

I _______ _______ he_______ make a chee pie.

4. Will you plea come here early next time? (改为否定句)

Will you plea _______ _______ here early next time?

5. He gets up early. He wants to finish the work first. (合并成一句)

He gets up early _______ _______ _______ finish the work first.

6. Kangkang’s computer doesn’t work. (对划线部分提问)

______ ______ ______ with Kangkang’s computer?

7. Tom enjoyed himlf in the zoo last Sunday.( 改为同义句)

Tom ______ ______ ______ ______ in the zoo last Sunday.

8. What other things can you e in the classroom? (改为同义句)

______ ______ can you e in the classroom?

9. What snack do you like best?（改为同义句）

______ ______ your snack?

10. You mustn’t take more food than you need. (改为祈使句)

______ ______more food than you need.

II. 根据汉语提示完成句子，注意副词比较级和最高级的应用。

1.下次争取干好一点。

Try to ________ _______next time.

2. 他迟早会回来的。

He’ll come back________ ________ ________.

3. 在三个当中她跳得最高的。

She jumps________ ________ ________ ________.

4. 他在班里唱得最好。

He _______ ________ _______in the class.

5.你能稍稍快点来吗？

Can you come over ________ _______ _______quickly?

6. 我做的不如我应做的那么好。

I didn’t do _______ ________ ________ I should.

III. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子。

1.在日本有响声地喝汤和吃完所有的米饭是礼貌的。

It’s polite to________ soup noisily and finish ________ the rice in Japan.

2.在法国就餐时吸烟是不礼貌的。

It’s impolite _________ _________ during a meal in France.

3.请你们随便喝点汤。

Plea _________ _________to some soup.

4. 你最喜爱的快餐是什么？

What’s your _________ _________ ?

5. 我会尽量不让你久等。

I’ll try not to_________ _________ ________ .

6. 他将尽全力努力学习为了能赶上他的同学。

He’ll try his best to work hard ________

________he can catch up with his classmates.

7.老师告诉过我，地球是圆的。

The teacher told me (that) ________ ________ ________ ________.

8.我可以邀请你和我一起组织这次美食节吗？

May I invite you _______ _______ _______ _______ ______ with me ?

9. 她是一个漂亮的女孩，而且对人也友好。

She is a beautiful girl .________ ________, she is friendly to us.

10. 学校提供孩子们书籍。

The school ________ ________ ________ the children.

IV. 补全对话。

从题后方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项（有两项多余选项）。

A. It’s good to stay at home for you.

B. After the meal, don’t leave at once.

C. Could you give me a hand?

D. What rules do they have in America?

E. But I’m a bit nervous.

F. You’re suppod to leave before the meal.

G. It’s impolite to arrive late.

A: You must be really excited about leaving for America tomorrow, Li Ping!

B: Yeah. 1.__________________

A: Nervous about what?

B: I don’t know many of the customs and manners in the USA. 2.__________________

A: Sure.

B: 3.__________________

A: Well, it’s important to be on time when you’re invited for dinner. 4.__________________

Americans expect their guests to be on time.

B: Then how long may I stay there?

A: 5.__________________ or you em to have come only for the meal. When your friends em

to be getting tired and running out of things, it’s time to leave. The next day, call or

write a thank-you note to say how much you enjoyed the evening.

1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________

参考答案

I. 按要求完成下列句子。

1. he is from Nigeria 2. ask 3. don’t think; can

4. not come 5. in order to 6. What’s the matter/What is wrong

7. had a good/nice/wonderful/ time

8. What el 9. What is, favorite ’t

take .

II.根据汉语提示完成句子，注意副词比较级和最高级的应用。

1. do better 2. sooner or later 3. highest of the three

4. sings (the) best 5. a bit/little more 6. as(so) well as

III. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子。

1. eat /have, all 2. to smoke 3. help yourlves

4. favorite snack 5. keep you waiting 6. so that

7. the earth is round 8. to organize the Food Festival

9. What’s more 10. supplies books for/to

IV. 补全对话。

1. E 2. C 3. D 4. G 5. B