2024年2月20日发(作者:自制不倒翁)
超实用高考英语复习:读后续写
距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!
养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My husband and I enjoy eing life through the eyes of our children. It's amazing
to watch as they discover their world.
While we were outdoors last summer enjoying the sunshine, our oldest daughter,
Kaytlin, called me to the doorway. Beneath the steps was a baby red squirrel.
We watched it from a distance, not wanting to disturb it or scare off its mother.
But after a long wait - and looking all around our hou for signs of a nest or a
mother - we realized the tiny squirrel was lost.
Shaking terribly, he was weak, thin, and hungry. We tried to find an expert to
help, but the Inland Fisheries and Wildlife website showed that there were no
wildlife experts in our area. After some quick rearch, we concluded that the
best way to give the squirrel a fighting chance was to care for him ourlves. So
a trip to the local store for milk and supplies was in order.
More rearch taught us how much to feed him, how to estimate his age, how and
when to wean (断奶) him, and that we should let him go as soon as he could
survive on his own.
Our daughters and I took turns in feeding “Squirt”. Kaytlin took on the most
responsibility. She taught him to eat from a bottle and she woke in the night for
his feeds.
To our relief, Squirt soon became healthy and strong. Within a few weeks he
became more active. He would chatter (吱吱) for his next meal, playfully go
around the girls, and lie down on them for sleep. It wasn't long before he was
weaned onto solid food and reintroduced to the wild.
His first few visits to the great outdoors were funny. Just like a child, he would
play in the grass some and then run back to Kaytlin for safety. Soon she had him
climbing trees and finding nest material.
Para 1: One day in the trees, Squirt met up with a family of gray squirrels.
Para 2: One night, Squirt didn't come back to our hou and it rained hard.
Para 1: One day in the trees, Squirt met up with a family of gray squirrels.
At first, he was cautious. Then, eing the gray squirrels having fun with each
other, Squirt got up and made his move. Jumping onto the adjacent tree, he
slowly approached the busy family, chattering.
(我会从逻辑,结构,语言三个角度分析这段话。
逻辑上:从两段提示语可知第一段里Squirt需要逐渐适应户外活动,因而此处遇见别的松鼠可以设计为 先谨慎观察,后一起玩耍,为后文“离家闯荡”作铺垫。
结构上: 长短句结合,首句突出Squirt一开始的心理,第二句由静转为动,第三句用两个简化句描写Squirt接近灰松鼠一家的动作。
语言上:cautious,make one’s move, adjacent, approach(带拟人之感)都属于精确词语,jump,chatter两个动词则符合松鼠动作特征及原文描写。
松鼠发出什么声音呢?其实除了原文的chatter,squeak亦可,但这个词有尖细声的联想,我在这没用,尽量保持松鼠可爱、拟人化的形象。
拟人感的设计有两个原因:1. 原文人称代词指代Squirt 反复使用he,him,his,所以拟人化处理符合原文作者的心理投射;2. 拟人化描写动作,会给人带入感。)
Meanwhile, the gray squirrels gathered around, sat up straight and gazed at
Squirt as if asssing the credibility of his words.
(互动性是故事续写的一大原则。此处虽未出现人物,但松鼠间的互动和反应描写仍不可缺少。 此句中三个连续性动作体现出了灰松鼠一家面对陌生同类的审视,也贯彻了流动性原则,动作连续没有割裂感,且调动了五感。 最后以as if虚拟语气简化句作方式状语收尾,继续对松鼠进行拟人化处理,营造活灵活现的感觉。 As if是拟人化的好帮手。)
Luckily, before long, Squirt was welcomed into their group and they started to
play together.
(第一段中,到这里 微故事情节以喜剧收场。
这段话我最满意的是luckily这个副词。它体现出旁观者对松鼠能否融入自然环境的态度。Luckily,表明旁观者(即主角一家)持支持态度,这符合原文细节-- we should let him go as soon as he could survive on his own. 也为第二段人物选择埋下伏笔。小小一个副词,也可四两拨千斤。)
After that day, every time Kaytlin brought Squirt outside, he would go to that
spot. Soon, he started to wander around the neighborhood by himlf but he
would always return home before dark.
(这是首段结尾部分,从逻辑角度,需要为第二段引入语作铺垫。第二段开头说“Squirt雨夜未归”,所以就要铺垫Squirt逐渐熟悉户外活动,且自主活
动范围扩大。语言上用了时间状语从句,以及转折并列句“he would always
return”来铺垫第二段人物反应。因为Squirt总会回家,所以不回家才会让人担忧。)
Para 2: One night, Squirt didn't come back to our hou and it rained hard.
The whole family were worried. Listening to the steady patter of raindrops
against the roof, no one could fall asleep, especially Kaytlin.
(Squirt是全家的宝贝。当它雨夜未归时,全家都会担心,但根据原文描写Kaytlin付出最多,所以结尾用especially Kaytlin点明,与原文呼应。
这句话的互动性还体现出 环境呼应。第二段引语说雨下得很大,那么第二段就应该有反复对雨的描写,从雨中,到雨停,体现出环境、和时间的流动,增强真实感。 这里我选用大家没睡时的听觉切入。因为大家都没睡,所以能听见屋顶雨滴不停溅落的声音。)
She paced up and down the living room, anxiously waiting for the familiar
chatter to appear. But nothing happened.
(这句话用pace up and down的动作描写,体现人物心理。这也是我青睐的写法,不直接告诉读者人物怎么想,怎么感,用动作和微表情让读者自己去解读,增加阅读趣味和人物的鲜活感。从结构上,这几句话长短句相间,增强了阅读的节奏感,韵律感。)
The rain persisted through the night. As soon as it had cead, we spread out to
find him.
(雨下了一夜怎么说?我可以轻易地说it rain all night. 但怎么体现出长夜漫漫,细雨绵绵那种“磨人”的感觉?我选用了persist坚持。不论人们怎么想,它兀自不停歇,一个单词,让雨也被赋予了生命力。
接着,雨下整夜,到早上才停。cea也是一个很精确的词语,比起stop,还让人耳目一新。Spread out 动感十足。)
After a while, the girls spotted Squirt and his friends chattering and leaping
around in the park, dazzling beads on the grass bouncing everywhere in the
sunlight.
(小姑娘们找到了Squirt。松鼠在林间如精灵一般,跳跃的身影当是忽隐忽现。所以,当她们找到Squirt时,我没用found,saw,而是用了spot. 牛津字典对spot的定义是“ to e or notice a person or thing, especially suddenly or
when it is not easy to do so”,我想营造的就是这种茫茫中突然看见的感觉,还带着惊喜和意外。
在续写收尾时,我希望有一个环境描写让人印象深刻。松鼠作为晨间最为活跃的生物,我做了如下构思。首先,时间当是早上,阳光正好;第二,环境当在树丛,草甸上;第三,刚刚下过雨,草上应挂有水珠。
所以我构思了 当小姑娘们看到Squirt和他的伙伴时,他们正在晨光照耀下的草丛上跳跃穿行,所到之处,草丛上水珠被溅起,于阳光下闪闪发光。 希望这幅画面也让你喜欢)
The girls were mesmerized by the wondrous sight. Instead of calling him, they
knew it was time to let him be. Quietly they left, deeply touched by this feeling
of “free and alive”.
(这段话的语言我比较满意。
结尾的方式很多,语言、环境、微表情、心理都可以。本文中,我把环境放在尾声之前,已经体现了动态之美,那么结尾我就想营造静态之美。心理描写成了我的首选。
在上一段luckily处我就有分析,从原文角度出发,看到Squirt亲近自然一定会感到欣喜。虽然不舍,但本是丛林间的生命,复返自然是本意和本心。最后一句话升华主题,我希望升华的是人与自然的和谐,以及自由和活力。给读者一种uplifting的升力。
所以当Squirt被找到时,小姑娘们不会上前打扰,而是远远观看,被那种小精灵在丛林中奔腾间所迸发的生命力所震撼,这一点从be mesmerized by体现出来。小姑娘们在确认Squirt安然无恙后会选择悄悄地退去。是的,她们没有带着Squirt回家,但是却不是全无收获。相反,那种林间穿梭的自由与活力一定会让她们久久难忘。)
参考答案:
Para 1: One day in the trees, Squirt met up with a family of gray squirrels.
At first, he was cautious. Then, eing the gray squirrels having fun with each
other, Squirt got up and made his move. Jumping onto the adjacent tree, he
slowly approached the busy family, chattering. Meanwhile, the gray squirrels
gathered around, sat up straight and gazed at Squirt as if asssing the credibility
of his words. Luckily, before long, Squirt was welcomed into their group and
they started to play together. After that day, every time Kaytlin brought Squirt
outside, he would go to that spot. Soon, he started to wander around the
neighborhood by himlf but he would always return home before dark.
Para 2: One night, Squirt didn't come back to our hou and it rained hard.
The whole family were worried. Listening to the steady patter of raindrops
against the roof, no one could fall asleep, especially Kaytlin. She paced up and
down the living room, anxiously waiting for the familiar chatter to appear. But
nothing happened. The rain persisted through the night. As soon as it had cead,
we spread out to find him. Finally, the girls spotted Squirt and his friends
chattering and leaping around in the park, dazzling beads on the grass bouncing
everywhere in the sunlight. The girls were mesmerized by the wondrous sight.
Instead of calling him, they knew it was time to let him be. Quietly they left,
deeply touched by this feeling of “free and alive”.
高考质量提升是一项系统工程,涉及到多个方面、各个维度,关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破,收到事半功倍的效果。
一、备考策略务必精准
高三备考的不同阶段,目标和任务各不相同,就像打仗一样,攻克不同的山头有不同的打法,只有抓住要领,才能打赢主动仗。一是细化“作战地图”。从现在到一模考试前,主要任务是过课本、串教材,把基础知识再夯实,为专题复习奠定坚实基础。各学科组教师要认真学习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题,把高考考点和试题变化点做成“作战地图”,平时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题,并在“作战地图”上一一标注,确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。二是组织集体攻坚。发挥学科组集体备考的优势,学
科组内任务分解、责任到人,每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。学科组坚持“一课一研”、“一考一研”,新老教师步调一致,节奏有序,充分发挥分工协作的集体教研智慧。三是找准学科增分点。认真研究本省、本市、本校近年来的高考数据,细化到每一个知识点的得失分情况,找准突破点和增分点,有目的进行专项训练和突破提升。英语的阅读理解和小作文、语文的古文分析和作文、理科的做题速度、文科的答题思路等,都要制定详细的训练方案和突破的方法策略,在实践中调整提升,打破制约瓶颈,找到质量提升的突破口。
二、课堂教学务必高效。课堂是教育教学是主阵地。高三年级教学时间紧,教学任务重,更要切实发挥课堂40分钟的作用。一是上好微专题课。春节前后,一轮复习进入后期,学生不会的知识点逐步浮出水面。这些薄弱知识点如果解决不好,将直接影响到二轮复习的效果。高三年级要围绕浮现出来的问题,上好微专题或微微专题课,针对某一个点或几个点精讲、讲透,触类旁通。微专题课怎么上?可以针对学生不会的问题,每节课重点解决1-2个知识点,专题强调,专点训练,不贪多,顺一个点“追祖宗八代”,剖析透!微微专题,则更精、更准、更小、更有效,可以一节课只讲一道题,但是要把这一道题挖深、挖透,讲透一个会一类,做会一题能举一反三。二是上好试卷讲评课。试卷讲评课是高三的主打课型,必须切实收到实效。首先,要精确掌握考情。考试不过夜,打铁要趁热,每次考试以后,要对班级考试情况了如指掌,充分了解易错点、易考点,这样讲评时,才能有所侧重,才能有针对性地攻克重难点。其次,要规范讲评流程。针对错误率高或重点考察的试题,教师引导出方法思路;再由学生个人进行自评自纠,小组讨论展示,找出得分原因和失分原因,真正弄清楚解题思路。师生合作再对解题思路进行再归纳总结,写到纸上记录下来,强化验证结果。三是克服“漏斗思维”。所谓“漏斗思维”,就是:今天正在学,突然有事不继续了,明天已经忘记一大部分,后天想起来,继续学,但是忘记的一大部分似乎又需要重新开始,周而复始,积累数月,结果是仅仅只有一点点的内容,而且是在同一个地方循环往复。对于常错、常考的知识点,要经常复习,要不就如同漏斗一样慢慢溜掉。尤其是对于已经进行过的专题训练、变式训练,不能认为进行过一次、
两次就万事大吉,要每隔2周进行“回头看”,把学生的易错题重新编辑,归类整理后附上分析讲解印发给学生,克服漏斗思维,反复夯实专题训练的知识点。
三、学生训练务必得法。教师的教学能力最终要转化为学生的学习能力,对高三学生而言,就是要通过训练转化为学生的答题能力。一是严格限时训练。限时训练就是让学生在规定时间内做完训练题目,既训练速度,又锻炼准确度。限时训练可短可长,可以是课前十分钟,可以是一节课,但必须坚决做到即练即评,长期坚持,通过教师评阅提升学生答题速度和效度,做到日日清,周周清,月月清,适应高考临场答题要求。二是严格规范答题。要认真研究高考原题和高考答案,根据学生的答题情况认真进行比对。要把学生在考试时的原生态答卷原汁原味地展示出来,再让学生自己对照答案进行打分、评价,找出与标准答案的差距,小组内相互交流、讨论,制定答题标准模板,保证将来一分不丢。三是突出变式训练。对于临界生的典型错题或遗漏知识点,要进行变式训练,一题多变进行训练,把错题作为“母题”,至少进行一题五变以上,让学生写出每道题的解题思路,最后总结出此类变式的特点和解题入手点。教师必须要把变式训练当做作业认真批改,带领学生共同验证解题思路,形成答题的基本思路。四是落实“作业自助餐”。对学生要进行分类指导,不能一刀切,尤其是对于清北临界生和一本临界生,学校应高度重视临界生转化工作。要把握好临界生的学科短板,制定好辅导、转化和提升的具体措施,要实行面批面改,落实“作业自助餐”。针对不同的高频错题,由教师分别独立设置变式训练题,也就是A错题出至少5道变式训练,独立印刷;B错题再出5道变式训练,独立印刷;C错题也出5道变式训练,独立印刷;学生可以根据自己的错题,自主领取对应的变式训练题,通过针对性训练补齐学科或知识短板,提升整体备考效益。五是强化精神激励。高三学生学习任务重,压力大,师生缺乏必要交流,学生容易出现心理焦虑、缺乏归属感等心理问题。为此,要对高三年级学生多鼓励,多表扬。大人总想听好听话,学生也是如此,越是鼓励越有劲,因老师的一句话、一个眼神而改变一生命运的事例不胜枚举。教师要不吝赞美,从情绪上、从情感上调动学生学习积极性。
高考前30天冲刺复习方法:
英语
一、英语听力:要坚持每天听1、调整并保持听力状态很重要。建议考前,考生要保持每天20分钟的听力练习量。
2、真题最好反复演练。最后的30天,主要应该听去年各省市的高考听力试题和仿真度比较高的今年各市一模、二模试题。
3、听写训练。做一些真题的听写训练。基本方法,先整体听一遍,然后听一句写一句,坚持听写完为止,然后再对照原文,检查自己错在哪里。另外值得一提的是,在正式考试中,做完所有听力20道选择题后,一般来说,没有百分之百的把握,不要轻易改动第一次做好的答案。据统计,第一次选择往往比改动后的选择更可靠。
二、词汇语法:坚持每天复习一部分
在单项选择题上,适当做题是必要的,但不要采用题海战术。匀些时间看以前的听课笔记、讲义、以前做错的题目(错题集)也是复习该题型很好的方法。尤其要把做过的一些题,特别是错题,反复地看,同时简单的题要总结规律,难题记死记牢即可。要重视语境题、时态题、动词短语相关的单选题。
关于语法,最近几年的高考在淡化语法,但并不是完全不考,而是以交际的方式考查,所以复习语法专题的同时要注意交际方面的问题,要特别注意从语境和语意中来解决语法问题。语法重点要掌握时态、非谓语动词以及定语从句三大块的内容。
三、完形填空:每天要保证做一篇1、培养语感。如何来培养语感呢?这里给同学们提一个成功学生使用过的、正确提高语感的方法:把去年的所有完形填空题正确答案填上,然后大声朗读,不要求背诵但是至少要能做到熟练朗读。在朗读中,慢慢领悟。
2、坚持训练。每天要保证做一篇,这是量上的一个要求。还要把做错的做出标记,重点记忆。应重视文章的整体性和逻辑性。完形填空的过程就是由已知信息推出未知信息的过程。
四、阅读理解:重中之重
阅读理解是高考的重头戏,提高成绩,阅读理解是关键。考试临近也要坚持阅读。与其陷入题海,不如抽出20-30分钟阅读英文篇章。
1、阅读训练不停歇。在冲刺阶段,应多进行一些限时训练,通常每五篇阅读材料作为一组,在35到40分钟里完成。这样既可以保证考场上充沛的阅读精力和体力,又可以营造考试的氛围,还提高了阅读速度。
2、阅读文章要复习。提倡在复习阅读的过程中对三点进行注意:单词、语法点以及复杂句。平时的阅读复习,在做完题目后要坚持每天读过几篇后,认真分析1-2篇。
3、把过去老出现错误的归纳一下,看哪类题自己容易错,重点对付该类题。需要注意的是读文章应力求题材多样化,科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等,但如果生词太多,影响理解或过于难懂的文章,则不应花更多的时间。
五、对话填空,认真练习应该比短文改错更容易拿分
对话填空要填写的十个单词本身不会太难拼写,不会超过2000单词表,所以虽然是新题型也不必恐惧。其实质上也是一种完形填空题,解题关键是要对所给的对话有一个整体把握,通读全篇对话,弄清谈话的语境及内容。
六、作文:考前至少精练10篇
重点背一些连词和英语固定表达的句型,以及常用的短语和有特点的动词词组。在写作的时候可以采用一些写作的套路。每次写作前问自己四个问题:这篇文章的体裁格式是怎样的?主体时态用什么时态?人称用第几人称?可以分几段,之间用什么过渡词、连接词?带着这四个问题去审题,搞清楚文章的主要内容,然后列出提纲。最后丰富自己的提纲就可以了。
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