2024年2月19日发(作者:交流英语)
Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?
早餐还是午餐?
It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last
Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 'What a day!' I thought.
'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. 'I've just arrived by train,'
she said. 'I'm coming to e you.'
'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said.
'What are you doing?' she asked
'I'm having breakfast,' I repeated.
'Dear me!' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!'
New words and expressions 生词和短语
until prep. 直到outside adv. 外面ring v. (铃、电话等)响
aunt n. 姑,姨,婶,舅母repeat v. 重复
参考译文
那是个星期天,而在星期天我是从来不早起的,有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候。上个星期天,我起得很晚。我望望窗外,外面一片昏暗。“鬼天气!”我想,“又下雨了。”正在这时,电话铃响了。是我姑母露西打来的。“我刚下火车,”她说,“我这就来看你。”
“但我还在吃早饭,”我说。
“你在干什么?”她问道。
“我正在吃早饭,”我又说了一遍。
“天啊,”她说,“你总是起得这么晚吗?现在已经1点钟了!”
1. meal ( / mi:l / n. 一餐)
Three meals: breakfast / lunch / supper
1. 吃午饭eat/have lunch
2. 早饭吃面包 have bread for breakfast
e.g. 1) 你早餐吃什么? - What do you have for breakfast?
我早餐通常吃鸡蛋和面包。 - I usually have eggs and bread (for breakfast).
2) 你什么时候吃晚餐? -What time (when) do you have supper?
我每晚7点吃。-I have supper at 7:00 every night.
3. 是吃晚饭的时间了 It’s supper time./It’s time for supper.
dinner: (中午或晚上吃的)正餐,主餐;(通常指晚餐,晚宴)
做(晚)饭:cook dinner
e.g. 我每天晚上都做晚饭。 I cook dinner every night.
2. It was Sunday. 那是个星期天。
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在英文句子中,常用it指时间、天气、温度或距离,这种情况下,it有时被称为“虚主语”(empty subject)没有实际意义。它之所以存在,是因为英语句子必须包含主语和谓语。
1) 表示时间
e.g. (1) 九点了。It is 9 o’clock.
(2) 今天星期一。It is Monday today. / Today is Monday.
2) 表示天气
e.g. (1) 下雨了。It’s raining.
(2) 天气冷。It is cold.
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3) 表示环境
e.g. 外面一片昏暗。 It was dark outside.
4) 表示温度
e.g. 今天零下五摄氏度。
It is five degrees Celsius below zero today. (Celsius /’lsiəs / 又作centigrade)
5) 表示距离
e.g. 我家离学校大约五英里远。 It is about five miles from my home to school.
作为第三人称单数的中性代词,it可以指一件东西、一个事件或者用来指是什么人:
e.g. 1. It was my aunt Lucy. 是我姑姑露西。(打来电话者)
2. It is a lovely baby. 真是个可爱的小宝宝。
3. It is a book. 这是本书。
4. It happened last night. 这件事是昨天晚上发生的。
2) week (周,星期)
Monday Mon.
Tuesday Tues.
Wednesday Wed.
one week Thursday Thur. 在星期几前加介词on
Friday Fri.
Saturday Sat.
Sunday Sun.
weekday / 'wi:kdei / n. (除周末以外的日子) 工作日
weekend / ,wi:k‟end / n. 周末(指星期六和星期日,尤指作为假日)
e.g. 我只在工作日工作,周末不工作。I only work on weekdays, not at weekends.
weekly / „wi:kli / adj. / adv. 一周一次的(地);每个星期的(地)
e,.g. 周刊a weekly magazine
3. I never get up early on Sundays. 而在星期天我是从来不早起的。
1) get up 起床
e.g. 我每天早上6点起床。I get up at 6 o’clock every morning.
wake up 醒来
e.g. 1) 醒醒吧!已经八点钟了。Wake up! It’s eight o’clock.
2)别把孩子弄醒。Don’t wake the baby up.
2) early / ‟ə:li /
adj. (earlier, earliest)早期的;提前的
e.g. 1) 清晨the early morning
2) 他二十出头。He is in his early twenties.
3)你来的真早! You are early!
adv. 在早期;提早,提前
e.g. 1) 我们第二天很早就到达了。We arrived early the next day.
2) 我今天早上醒得早。 I woke up early this morning.
反义词:late adj. / adv.
3) 复数形式指每个星期日,或大部分星期日,与一般现在时连用,表示经常性的行为:
e.g. 星期天我们不上学。We do not go to school on Sundays.
星期天我从来不早起。 I never get up early on Sundays.
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4)1. 介词on一般用于表示某一天的时间短语中:
on Friday 在星期五
on Monday morning 在周一早上
on that day 在那一天
2. 当我们使用last, next和this, that时,介词(以及定冠词)必须省略:
e.g.1) 下个/这个星期五再见。I’ll e you next / this Friday.
2) 上个星期天我起得很晚。Last Sunday I got up very late.
4. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候。
1) stay / stei / v. 呆,停留,逗留,留下
e.g. 1) 我昨晚在晚会上逗留得很晚。 I stayed late at the party last night.
2) 你能留下来吃晚饭吗?Can you stay for dinner?
3) 我熬夜一直到早晨两点。 I stayed up until 2 o’clock in the morning.
2) bed
在表达卧床的意思时bed前不需加冠词:
e.g.1) 我有时赖在床上直到吃午饭的时候。I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.
2) 去睡觉 go to bed
3) 该睡觉了。It is time for bed now.
3) until / ʌn'til / until用于表示动作、状态等的持续,可以译为“一直到„为止”或“在„以前”。在肯定句中,它与表示持续性状态的动词连用,表示持续到某一时刻:
e.g. 我会在这里等到5点钟。I‟ll wait here until 5:00.
在否定句中,它通常与描述短暂动作的动词连用,表示“到„为止”、“直到„才”:
e.g. 她到六点才能来。She cannot arrive until 6:00.
直到今天早上雨才停了。The rain did not stop until this morning.
prep. / conj. 直到…为止;直到…才
e.g. 1) 我一直等到十点,可他仍然没有来。
I waited until 10 o’clock, but he still didn’t come. (prep.)
2) 等鲍勃来了我们再开始。 We won’t start until Bob comes. (conj.)
3) 直到今天早上雨才停了。The rain did not stop until this morning.
4) lunchtime / 'lʌntʃ,taim / n. [u;c]午餐时间
e.g. 饭馆星期六午餐时间很忙。Saturday lunchtimes are very busy in the restaurant.
lunch hour 午餐时间;午休
e.g. 我经常在午休时间去书店。 I usually go to the bookstore (bookshop) during my lunch hour.
5. Last Sunday I got up very late. 上个星期天,我起得很晚。
6. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 我望望窗外,外面一片昏暗。
1) look out
1. 向外看
look out of the window透过窗户往外看
2. (表示警告,尤指有危险) 小心,当心,留神
e.g. Look out (=watch out)! There is a car coming. 当心,有车来了。
2) dark / da:k / adj.
1. 黑暗的,无光的,昏暗的
e.g. 这地方冬季天黑得早。In winter it gets dark early here.
2. 深色的,发黑的
e.g. 墨绿色dark green
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3) outside / aut’said / adv.
1. 在外面,在外头(户外)
e.g. 外面街上有一些孩子在玩耍。There were some children playing outside in the street.
反义词:inside
2. outside of (informal) 除…之外
e.g. 除了简之外,没人能做这件工作。Outside of Jane, no one can do this job.
outside n.(固体物体的)外部,外面,外侧
反义词:inside
e.g. 我要把房子的外面漆成白色。 I will paint the outside of the hou white.
outside adj. 外面的,外部的
反义词:inside
e.g. 外墙the outside wall
outside prep. 到…的外面,在…的外边
e.g. 就在门外等着to wait just outside the door
7. 'What a day!' I thought. 'It's raining again.'“鬼天气!”我想,“又下雨了。”
What a day!
Exclamations / ,eksklə‟meiʃən /
以what开头的感叹句的基本形式:What+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!
what 多么 (作定语,修饰名词)
a) 单数可数名词之前用what a ,复数名词和不可数名词之前用what.如:
what a place it is ! 多好(糟)的地方啊!
What a pity!多可惜!
What pictures they are!多美(丑)的图画啊!
What nonn!多么荒唐!
b) what和what a 与所修饰的名词之间可以有形容词。如:
what fine weather we are having today!今天天气多好啊!
what a rude man !一个多么鲁莽的人啊!
what a delightful evening we have had!我们这个晚上过的多愉快啊!
8. Just then, the telephone rang. 正在这时,电话铃响了。
ring / riŋ /
v. ( rang /ræŋ/,rung /rʌŋ/ )
1) 使(铃)鸣响
e.g. 我按了门铃,但是没有人应门。 I rang the doorbell but no one answered.
2) (铃、电话等)鸣响,作响
e.g. 铃声大响。The bell rang loudly.
n. [c] 戒指,指环
e.g. 戒指 a gold ring
钻石戒指a diamond ring
9. It was my aunt Lucy. 是我姑母露西打来的。
1) 作为第三人称单数的中性代词,it可以指一件东西、一个事件或者用来指是什么人:
e.g. 1. It was my aunt Lucy. 是我姑姑露西。(打来电话者)
2. It is a lovely baby. 真是个可爱的小宝宝。
3. It is a book. 这是本书。
4. It happened last night. 这件事是昨天晚上发生的。
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2) aunt /ɑ:nt / n. 姑母;姨母;婶母;伯母;舅母
uncle /‟ʌŋkl/ n. 伯父;叔父;舅父;姑父;姨父
niece / ni:s / n. 侄女,甥女
nephew /’nefju:/ n. 侄子,外甥
10. 'I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to e you.'
“我刚下火车,”她说,“我这就来看你。”
1) arrive /ə‟raiv/ v. 到达,抵达(目的地)
arrive at
e.g. 我们昨天10点到的机场。We arrived at the airport at 10 o’clock yesterday.
arrive in
e.g. 飞机何时到达纽约?What time does the plane arrive in New York?
我们平安到家了。 We arrived home safely.
arrival / ə‟raivəl / n. [u] 到达,抵达
e.g. 我们对飞机误点表示道歉。We apologize for the late arrival of the aircraft.
2) by train 乘火车
by air / by plane 乘飞机
by bicycle / bike 骑自行车
by boat / by a / by ship 乘船
by bus 乘公共汽车
by car 乘轿车
by land 由陆路
e.g. 他每天早上坐公共汽车去上学。Every morning he goes to school by bus.
如果是特指的交通工具,则要加冠词或其他限定词:
e.g. 我姑妈乘9点1刻的火车走的。My aunt left by the 9:15 train.
3) 'I'm coming to e you.'
现在进行时用来表示近期按计划或安排要进行的动作(即表将来发生的动作,有“意图”或
“打算”的含义),用于go, come, stay, leave, start等表示移动的动词,如:
e.g.1. 他们星期天要带孩子们去公园。They are taking the children to the park on Sunday.
2. 下个星期二我们要去北京。 We are going to Beijing next Tuesday.
11. 'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said. “但我还在吃早饭,”我说。
12. 'What are you doing?' she asked. “你在干什么?”她问道。
13. 'I'm having breakfast,' I repeated. “我正在吃早饭,”我又说了一遍。
repeat / ri’pi:t / v. 重复;重说,重做
e.g. 1. 请再重复一下那个单词。Plea repeat that word.
2. Plea repeat after me. 请跟我读(重复).
3. to repeat an order in business再次为同样的订单供应货物。
14. 'Dear me!' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!'
“天啊,”她说,“你总是起得这么晚吗?现在已经1点钟了!”
'Dear me!' 天哪
这个感叹方式可以表示惊愕、困惑、同情等。还可以说“Oh, dear!”或“Dear, dear!”
Grammar Focus
The prent simple ten一般现在时
一般现在时可以表示习惯性动作,往往与频度副词连用,如often,always,sometimes,never
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等。
e.g. 1.你常来这吗?Do you often come here?
2.星期五我经常去图书馆。 I always go to the library on Friday.
常见的频度副词
1. sometimes / 'sʌmtaimz/ adv. 有时;不时;间或
2. usually / 'ju:ʒuəli / adv. 通常,平常,惯常
e.g. 有时我乘火车来,但通常我乘汽车。 Sometimes I come by train, but usually come by car.
3. always / 'ɔ:lweiz / adv.总是
e.g. 太阳总是从东方升起。The sun always ris in the east.
4. often adv.多次,经常,时常
e.g. 我周末经常去看戏。 I often go to the theatre at weekends.
5. rarely adv.很少,难得,不常
e.g. 他很少外出。He rarely goes out.
6. frequently adv. 常见地,频繁地,屡见不鲜地
e.g. 我基本上都在七点钟吃早餐。 I frequently have breakfast at 7 o’clock.
7. never adv. 从来没有,绝不,永不
e.g. 我从未去过巴黎。 I have never been to Paris.
8. ever adv. 在某时,有时;从来
e.g. 从来没有事会使他生气。 Nothing ever makes him angry.
Conclusion
现在进行时(The prent progressive ten) 和一般现在时(The prent simple ten)
现在进行时表示说话时正在进行的动作或正在发生的事件,往往与now, just, still等副词连用:
e.g. 约翰还在睡觉。John is still sleeping.
简正在打扮。 Jane is just dressing up.
史密斯太太现在正在做饭。Mrs. Smith is cooking now.
一般现在时可以表示习惯性动作,往往与频度副词连用,如often, always, sometimes, never等:见上面
e.g. 你常来这儿吗?Do you often come here?
星期五我经常去图书馆。I always go to the library on Friday.
海伦从不给她兄弟托尼写信。她有时给他打电话。
Helen never writes to her brother Tony. She sometimes rings him.
现在进行时也用来表示当前(一段时间)的动向:
e.g. 杰克最近工作很努力。 Jack is working hard the days.
他通常是不努力工作的。He does not usually work hard.
Everyday English
1. Dear me!/My god!/Jesus! 天哪!2. No way!不行!3. Come on. 来吧(赶快)。
4. Hold on. 等一等。5. I agree. 我同意。6. Not bad. 还不错。7. Not yet.还没。
8. See you/So long.再见。9. Shut up! 闭嘴! 10. Why not?好呀!(为什么不呢?)
Homework
1. Finish the exercis on page17and 19 in your textbook.
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2. Remember the new words and expressions, and then practice everyday English.
3. Recite the whole text.
4. Read a small passage and then do multiple choice questions.
5. Write a small composition to describe your living room . (at least 100 words)
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