阅读理解:教师短缺,教师职业危机的迹象 练习 高考英语外刊阅读训练

2024年2月16日发(作者：活动议程)

高考英语外刊阅读训练——阅读理解：教师短缺，教师职业危机的迹象

——改编自The Guardian view on teacher shortages: signs of a

profession in crisis

In the past decade, public ctor employees in education

have been expected to "do more with less." This has led to

stagnant wages and increasing workloads, compounded by

the punitive Ofsted inspection process. The result is a potential

deprofessionalisation of the education ctor that will

negatively impact learning. This crisis has been years in the

making as a result of austerity, fewer support staff, and

below-inflation pay ris. Overall, teacher earnings have fallen

by 13% since 2010, with the growing gap between teacher pay

and other graduate professions putting particular pressure on

condary schools struggling to recruit maths and science

graduates.

To make the teaching profession more attractive, the

obvious solution is to rai pay. While the government has

targeted incentives towards early-career teachers, experienced

teachers are still being offered only a meager 3% increa to

be taken out of existing school budgets. A bad Ofsted

inspection can further exacerbate the problem by making it

even harder for schools to recruit, leading to high teacher

turnover and making it tougher for school leaders to maintain

and improve standards. Disadvantaged schools suffer the

most, leaving remaining teachers to take on class outside

their specialism. Teachers live in fear of a bad Ofsted

inspection, and replacing the current rating system with a

range of indicators could provide parents with information

without penalising schools.

Burnout is widespread across the ctor, and unless

salaries are improved, schools will continue to struggle.

Ministers should listen to teachers' warnings about the

problems caud by Ofsted inspections and take steps to

address them.

【重点词汇】

1. public ctor 公共领域

2. education 教育

3. do more with less 尽量用更少的资源做更多事情

4. stagnant 停滞不前的

5. workload 工作量

6. punitive 惩罚性的

7. Ofsted 英国政府教育部门下属的学校和儿童机构质量检查机构

8. inspection 检查

9. deprofessionalisation 职业化程度降低

10. potential 潜在的

11. impact 影响

12. crisis 危机

13. austerity 紧缩政策

14. support staff 支持员工

15. pay ris 加薪

16. graduate professions 研究生职业

17. condary schools 中等教育

18. maths 数学

19. science 科学

20. attractive 有吸引力的

21. incentives 激励措施

22. early-career 初期职业生涯

23. experienced 经验丰富的

24. meager 微薄的

25. school budgets 学校预算

26. recruitment 招聘

27. turnover 流失率

28. maintain 维持

29. standards 标准

30. disadvantaged 弱势群体

31. specialism 特长

32. fear 害怕

33. rating system 评级系统

34. indicators 指标

35. provide 提供

36. information 信息

37. penalising 处罚

38. widespread 广泛的

39. address 应对

40. warnings 警告

41. caud 引起

42. steps 措施

43. potential impact 潜在影响

44. rising tide 增长趋势

45. mental health 心理健康

46. social issues 社会问题

47. negative 消极的

48. earnings 收入

49. below-inflation 低于通货膨胀

50. pressure 压力

【阅读理解练习题】

1. What is the main cau of stagnant wages and

workloads for public ctor employees in education?

A. Insufficient support staff.

B. Declining enrollment in schools.

C. Punitive inspections by Ofsted.

D. Below-inflation pay ris.

Answer: D

中文解析：公共部门教育工作者的工资停滞和工作负担增加的主要原因是通货膨胀率低于工资上涨幅度。

2. What problem do condary schools face in recruiting

math and science graduates?

A. A lack of government incentives.

B. A dwindling population of potential teachers.

C. Limited budgets for teacher salaries.

D. A growing pay gap between teaching and other

professions.

Answer: D

中文解析：由于教师工资与其他毕业生专业的工资差距越来越大，

招聘数学和科学毕业生成为中学的教师更加困难。

3. What solution does the author suggest to make

teaching a more attractive profession?

A. Increa experienced teacher salaries.

B. Replace the Ofsted rating system.

C. Hire more support staff.

D. Provide incentives only for early-career teachers.

Answer: A

中文解析：为了让教师职业更具吸引力，作者建议提高工资，特别是对有经验的教师。

4. How can a bad Ofsted inspection affect a school?

A. It leads to job cuts for teachers.

B. It caus an increa in enrollment.

C. It makes it harder to recruit new teachers.

D. It leads to an increa in funding from the government.

Answer: C

中文解析：糟糕的Ofsted检查结果可能会使学校更难以招聘新教师，导致高教师流动率，并使校长更难以维持和提高标准。

5. What happens when remaining teachers take on class

outside their specialism?

A. The students' learning suffers.

B. Teacher salaries increa.

C. The school's budget is decread.

D. Enrollment in the school decreas.

Answer: A

中文解析：当剩余的教师承担他们所不专注的类时，会影响学生的学习。

6. Why do disadvantaged schools suffer the most from

bad Ofsted inspections?

A. They have a higher teacher turnover rate.

B. They have fewer support staff.

C. They have lower funding from the government.

D. They have less experienced teachers.

Answer: A

中文解析：劣势学校在Ofsted检查表现差的情况下会遭受最严重的影响，因为这会导致高教师流动率，而这会导致剩余的教师承担他们所不专注的类。

7. What does the author suggest could replace the current

Ofsted rating system?

A. A wider range of indicators to inform parents.

B. A more punitive system for struggling schools.

C. An incentive-bad system for high-performing

schools.

D. A system bad on staff experience rather than student

performance.

Answer: A

中文解析：作者建议用更广泛的指标替代Ofsted的等级评估体系，这样可以提供信息，并避免对学校进行惩罚。

8. What is the main conquence of widespread burnout

among teachers?

A. Higher salaries for experienced teachers.

B. A decline in education standards.

C. Lower enrollment in schools.

D. An increa in support staff.

Answer: B

中文解析：教师普遍疲劳影响到教育水平的下降。

【全文逐句对照翻译】

在过去的十年里，公共教育部门的雇员被期望“事半功倍”。

In the past decade, public ctor employees in education have

been expected to "do more with less."

这导致工资停滞不前，工作量增加，再加上教育标准局惩罚性的检查程序。

This has led to stagnant wages and increasing workloads,

compounded by the punitive Ofsted inspection process.

其结果是教育部门潜在的去专业化，这将对学习产生负面影响。

The result is a potential deprofessionalisation of the education

ctor that will negatively impact learning.

由于财政紧缩、后勤人员减少以及低于通货膨胀率的工资增长，这场危机已经酝酿多年。

This crisis has been years in the making as a result of austerity,

fewer support staff, and below-inflation pay ris.

总体而言，自2010年以来，教师的收入下降了13%，教师工资与其他研究生职业之间的差距越来越大，给那些努力招聘数学和科学专业毕业生的中学带来了特别的压力。

Overall, teacher earnings have fallen by 13% since 2010, with

the growing gap between teacher pay and other graduate

professions putting particular pressure on condary schools

struggling to recruit maths and science graduates.

要使教师职业更具吸引力，显而易见的解决办法是提高工资。

To make the teaching profession more attractive, the obvious

solution is to rai pay.

虽然政府有针对性地鼓励初入职场的教师，但有经验的教师仍然只能从现有的学校预算中获得微薄的3%的加薪。

While the government has targeted incentives towards

early-career teachers, experienced teachers are still being

offered only a meager 3% increa to be taken out of existing

school budgets.

糟糕的教育标准局检查会使问题进一步恶化，使学校更难招人，导致教师高流动率，使学校领导更难维持和提高标准。

A bad Ofsted inspection can further exacerbate the problem

by making it even harder for schools to recruit, leading to high

teacher turnover and making it tougher for school leaders to

maintain and improve standards.

弱势学校受影响最大，剩下的老师只能去上专业以外的课。

Disadvantaged schools suffer the most, leaving remaining

teachers to take on class outside their specialism.

教师们生活在对英国教育标准局糟糕的检查的恐惧中，用一系列指标取代目前的评级系统可以为家长提供信息，而不会惩罚学校。

Teachers live in fear of a bad Ofsted inspection, and replacing

the current rating system with a range of indicators could

provide parents with information without penalising schools.

职业倦怠在整个教育行业普遍存在，除非薪资得到改善，否则学校将继续挣扎。

Burnout is widespread across the ctor, and unless salaries

are improved, schools will continue to struggle.

部长们应该听取教师们关于教育标准局检查造成的问题的警告，并采取措施解决这些问题。

Ministers should listen to teachers' warnings about the

problems caud by Ofsted inspections and take steps to

address them.