初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词表(附音标)

2024年2月10日发(作者：一对好朋友)

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英语不规则动词初中记忆表

型（原形→原形→原形）

动词原形

cost [kɔst]

cut [kʌt]

hurt [hə:t]

hit [hit]

let [let]

put [put]

read [ri:d]

t [t]

spread [spred]

spit [spit]

shut [ʃʌt]

型

动词原形

beat [bi:t]

（原形→过去式→原形）

动词原形

become [bi'kʌm]

come [kʌm]

run [rʌn]

型

（1）、在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。

动词原形

deal [di:l]

hear [hiə]

mean [mi:n]

过去式

dealt [delt]

heard [hə:d]

meant [ment]

过去分词

dealt [delt]

heard [hə:d]

meant [ment]

解决

听见

意思

过去式

became [bi'keim]

came [keim]

ran [ræn]

过去分词

become [bi'kʌm]

come [kʌm]

run [rʌn]

变

来

跑

过去式

beat [bi:t]

过去分词

beaten ['bi:tn]

打败

过去式

cost [kɔst]

cut [kʌt]

hurt [hə:t]

hit [hit]

let [let]

put [put]

read [red]

t [t]

spread [spred]

spit/spat [spit] [spæt]

shut [ʃʌt]

过去分词

cost [kɔst]

cut [kʌt]

hurt [hə:t]

hit [hit]

let [let]

put [put]

read [red] 注意读音

t [t]

spread [spred]

spit/spat [spit] [spæt]

shut [ʃʌt]

花费

割，切，剪

受伤，使……伤痛

打，撞击

让

放下

读

安排，安置

展开，传播，涂

吐痰,

关上, 闭起,停止营业

（2）、把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。

动词原形

build [bild]

lend [lend]

rebuild [,ri:'bild]

nd [nd]

spend [spend]

（3）、原形→ought →ought

动词原形

bring [briŋ]

buy [bai]

fight [fait]

think [θiŋk]

（4） 、原形→aught →aught

动词原形

catch [kætʃ]

teach [ti:tʃ]

过去式

caught [kɔ:t]

taught [tɔ:t]

过去分词

caught [kɔ:t]

taught [tɔ:t]

捉,抓

教

过去式

brought [brɔ:t]

bought [bɔ:t]

fought [fɔ:t]

thought [θɔ:t]

过去分词

brought [brɔ:t]

bought [bɔ:t]

fought [fɔ:t]

thought [θɔ:t]

带来

买

打架

思考，,想

过去式

built [bilt]

lent [lent]

rebuilt [,ri:'bilt]

nt [nt]

spent [spent]

过去分词

built [bilt]

lent [lent]

rebuilt [,ri:'bilt]

nt [nt]

spent [spent]

建筑

借给

改建, 重建

送，寄

花费

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（5）、变其中一个元音字母

动词原形

dig [diɡ]

feed [fi:d]

find [faind]

get [ɡet]

hold [həuld]

lead [li:d]

meet [mi:t]

sit [sit]

shoot [ʃu:t]

spit [spit]

stick [stik]

win [win]

babysit ['bæbi,sit]

（6）、原形→□lt/pt/ft→□lt/pt/ft

动词原形

feel ['fi:l]

keep [ki:p]

leave [li:v]

sleep [sli:p]

sweep [swi:p]

（7）、其它（无规律）

动词原形

lay [lei]

pay [pei]

say [i]

stand [stænd]

understand [,ʌndə'stænd]

lo [lu:z]

have [həv, hæv]

make [meik]

ll [l]

tell [tel]

retell [,ri:'tel]

型

（1）、原形→ew→own

blow [bləu]

draw [drɔ:]

grow [ɡrəu]

know [nəu]

throw [θrəu]

fly [flai]

（2）、原形→过去式→原形+(e)n

blew [blu:]

drew [dru:]

grew [ɡru:]

knew [nju:]

threw [θru:]

flew [flu:]

blown [bləun]

drawn [drɔ:n]

grown [ɡrəun]

known [nəun]

thrown [θrəun, 'θrəun]

flown [fləun]

吹

画画

生长

知道

抛，扔

飞

过去式

laid [leid]

paid [peid]

said [d]

stood [stud]

understood [,ʌndə'stud]

lost [lɔst, lɔ:st]

had [hæd]

made [meid]

sold [səuld]

told [təuld]

retold [,ri:'təuld]

过去分词

laid [leid]

paid [peid]

said [d]

stood [stud]

understood [,ʌndə'stud]

lost [lɔst, lɔ:st]

had [hæd]

made [meid]

sold [səuld]

told [təuld]

retold [,ri:'təuld]

下蛋, 放置

付

说

站

明白

失去

有

制造

卖

告诉

重讲，重复，复述

过去式

felt [felt]

kept [kept]

left [left]

slept [slept]

swept [swept]

过去分词

felt [felt]

kept [kept]

left [left]

slept [slept]

swept [swept]

感到，触摸

保持

离开

睡觉

扫

过去式

dug [dʌɡ]

fed [fed]

found [fəund]

got [ɡɔt]

held [held]

led [led]

met [met]

sat [sæt]

shot [ʃɔt]

spit/spat [spæt]

stuck [stʌk]

won [wʌn]

babysat ['bebi'sit]

过去分词

dug [dʌɡ]

fed [fed]

found [fəund]

got/gotten ['ɡɔtən]

held [held]

led [led]

met [met]

sat [sæt]

shot [ʃɔt]

spit/spat [spæt]

stuck [stʌk]

won [wʌn]

babysat ['bebi'sit]

掘(土), 挖(洞、沟等)

喂食

发现，找到

得到

拥有，握住，支持

引导, 带领, 领导

遇见

坐

射击

吐痰,

插进, 刺入, 粘住,

赢

临时照看

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动词原形

drive [ draiv ]

eat [i:t]

fall [fɔ:l]

give [ɡiv]

forgive [fə'ɡiv]

overeat [,əuvə'ri:t]

take [teik]

ride [raid]

e [si:]

write [rait]

forbid [fə'bid]

ri [raiz]

mistake [mi'steik]

shake [ʃeik]

（3）、原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n

动词原形

break [breik]

choo [tʃu:z]

get [ɡet]

hide [haid]

forget [fə'ɡet]

freeze [fri:z]

speak [spi:k]

steal [sti:l]

（4）、变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词） [i→a →u]

动词原形

begin [bi'ɡin]

drink [driŋk]

sing [siŋ]

sink [siŋk]

swim [swim]

ring [riŋ]

（5）、其它 （无规律）

动词原形

be (am, is, are)

do [du:]

go [ɡəu]

wear [wεə]

6.一个动词有两种变化形式

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

过去式

was/ were

did [did]

went [went]

wore [wɔ:]

过去分词

been [bin]

done [dʌn]

gone [ɡɔn]

worn [wɔ:n]

是

做

去

穿

过去式

began [bi'ɡæn]

drank [dræŋk]

sang [sæŋ]

sank [sæŋk]

swam [swæm]

rang [ræŋ]

过去分词

begun [bi'ɡʌn]

drunk [drʌŋk]

sung [sʌŋ]

sunk [sʌŋk]

swum [swʌm]

rung [rʌŋ]

开始

喝

唱

下沉, 沉没

游泳

打电话

过去式

broke [brəuk]

cho [tʃəuz]

got [ɡɔt]

hid [hid]

forgot [fə'ɡɔt]

froze [frəuz]

spoke [spəuk]

stole [ stəul]

过去分词

broken ['brəukən]

chon ['tʃəuzən]

got/gotten ['ɡɔtən]

hidden ['hidn]

forgotten [fə'ɡɔtn]

frozen ['frəuzn]

spoken ['spəukən]

stolen ['stəulən]

打破

选择

得到

隐藏

忘记

冷冻,结冰，感到严寒

说

偷

过去式

drove [drəuv]

ate [et,eit]

fell [fel]

gave [ɡeiv]

forgave [fə'ɡeiv]

overate ['əuvə'et]

took [tuk]

rode [rəud]

saw [sɔ:]

wrote [rəut]

forbade [fə'bæd]

ro [rəuz]

mistook [mi'stuk]

shook [ʃuk]

过去分词

driven [drivn]

eaten ['i:tən]

fallen ['fɔ:lən]

given ['ɡivən]

forgiven [fə'ɡivn]

overeaten [,əuvə'ri:tn]

taken ['teikən]

ridden ['ridən]

en [si:n]

written ['ritən]

forbidden [fə'bidn]

rin [rizn]

mistaken [mi'steikən]

shaken [ʃeikən]

驾驶

吃

落下

给，给予

原谅, 饶恕

(使)吃过量

拿

骑，乘

看见

写

禁止

上升，升起

弄错; 误解,

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bear [bεə]

bore [bɔ:]

bore [bɔ:]

lay [lei]

lied [li:d]

hanged [hæŋd]

hung [hʌŋ]

learned [lə:nid]

learnt [lə:nt]

showed [ʃəud]

showed [ʃəud]

spelled [speld]

spelt [spelt]

burnt [bə:nt]

burned [bə:nd]

smelled [smeld]

smelt [smelt]

shined [ʃaind]

shone [ʃɔn]

dreamed [dri:md]

dreamt [dremt]

waked [weikt] 注意读音

woke [wəuk]

lighted [laitid]

lit [lit]

proved [pru:vd]

proved [pru:vd]

speeded [spi:did]

sped [sped]

born [bɔ:n]

borne [bɔ:n]

lain [lein]

lide [li:d]

hanged [hæŋd]

hung [hʌŋ]

learned [lə:nid]

learnt [lə:nt]

showed [ʃəud]

shown ['ʃəun]

spelled [speld]

spelt [spelt]

burnt [bə:nt]

burned [bə:nd]

smelt [smelt]

smelt [smelt]

shined [ʃaind]

shone [ʃɔn]

dreamed [dri:md]

dreamt [dremt]

waked [weikt] 注意读音

woken ['wəukən]

lighted [laitid]

lit [lit]

proved [pru:vd]

proven ['pru:vn]

speeded [spi:did]

sped [sped]

vt.负担, 忍受 vi.生

躺

说谎

绞死、吊死、

悬挂

学习

lie [lai]

hang ['hæŋ]

learn [lə:n]

show [ʃəu] 展示, 给...看

spell [spel] 拼写

burn [bə:n] 燃烧

smell [smel] 闻, 嗅

shine [ʃain] 使照耀，使发光

dream [dri:m] 做梦

wake [weik] 醒来，叫醒, 激发

light ['lait] 点燃, 照亮

prove [pru:v] 证明, 证实,试验

speed [spi:d]

7.情态动词（无过去分词）

动词原形

can [kæn]

may [mei]

must [mʌst]

shall [ʃæl]

will [wil]

加速

过去式

could [kəd] [cud]

might [mait]

/

should [ʃəd] [ʃud]

would [wud]

能

也许

必须

将要

会