2020届长宁区高三英语一模试卷

2023年12月24日发(作者：北山森林公园)

2019学年第一学期高三英语教学质量检测试卷

（满分140分）

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each

conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken

only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,

and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. In a garage.

2. A. Confident.

3. A. Pay the fee.

B. In the clinic.

B. Confud.

B. Fill in the form.

C. At the airport.

C. Worried.

C. Find a photograph.

D. At a restaurant.

D. Funny.

D. Prove citizenship.

4. A. Nobody thinks Jack disappointing.

C. Fewer people enjoy this basketball ason.

B. She holds different opinions with Jack.

D. She cares about other people’s comments.

B. He wishes to visit Chicago.

D. He thinks Chicago not worth eing.

B. Policeman and driver.

D. Houwife and cleaner.

B. The meeting has been announced today.

D. The meeting will not be held tomorrow.

B. It is up to Frank to decide his schooling.

D. It is well worth nding Frank abroad.

B. She is happy with the man’s concentration.

D. She didn’t want to answer the man’s question.

B. He is fully occupied right now.

D. He considers the experiment needless.

5. A. He does not like Chicago.

C. He has no idea about Chicago at all.

6. A. Hou agent and renter.

C. Shop assistant and customer.

7. A. She has cancelled the meeting.

C. She will call a meeting today.

8. A. It is ridiculous for children to study abroad.

C. It is safer to follow the popular trend first.

9. A. She is mad at the man’s ignorance.

C. She didn’t notice the man’s appearance.

10. A. He is in urgent need of a talk.

C. He runs a lab in the middle of the city.

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you will hear veral longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be

asked veral questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the

passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the

four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are bad on the following talk.

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11.A. To state the difficulties the team members may face with.

B. To find support from parents for scholarship contributions.

C. To attract potential players from some other sports.

D. To rai funds for a swimming competition.

12.A. The committee of a swim club.

C. The board of swim coaches.

B. Reporters for a swimming competition.

D. Candidates for a swimming team.

B. It offers a more promising academic future.

D. It provides a more flexible training schedule.

13.A. It is less financially rewarding.

C. It is less physically demanding.

Questions 14 through 17 are bad on the following passage.

14. A. By mending photographic tools.

C. By comparing available images.

B. By monitoring rare animals.

D. By drawing accurate tracks.

D. The instructions. 15. A. The comments. B. The phone numbers. C. The full names.

16. A. Don’t leave any footprints.

C. Don’t disturb the animals in cage.

17. A. Stories of tracking endangered animals.

B. Go with some local guides.

D. Relax in the natural environment.

B. Techniques of wild animal tracking.

C. A program of protecting endangered animals. D. A wild animal protection organization.

Questions 18 through 20 are bad on the following conversation.

18. A. About twenty pages.

C. As long as five pages.

B. Within two pages.

D. No shorter than ten pages.

B. They make spelling mistakes.

D. They nd many résumés at a time.

B. Reading as many advertiments as possible.

D. Knowing the expectations of the position.

19. A. They don’t tell the truth.

C. They don’t know the job well.

20. A. Practicing computer skills first.

C. Trying to be more specific.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and

grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given

word; for the other blanks, u one word that best fits each blank.

A Grateful Patient

I took a job as a receptionist for a vet (兽医) almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I

accepted the position on the condition (21) ______ I wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals. I

didn’t have the courage (22) ______ (watch) any creature in pain.

At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23) ______ a young man ran up to us

holding a verely injured Doberman puppy (杜宾幼犬) in his arms and begging us to save his life. The

four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.

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The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place (24) ______ the skin was still attached

to his poor little body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what emed like hours,

(25) ______ (w) him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones,

including his back. (26) ______ ______ he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never

walk again.

The day forever changed my life. I became the vet’s assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs

was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by until one day he finally recovered.

Fast-forward about a year. I walked into the clinic’s (27) ______ (crowd) waiting room and called the

name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Doberman ran toward me. I found (28) ______ pinned against the

wall with this magnificent dog standing on his back legs, his front paws (爪子) on my shoulders, washing my

face with plentiful and joyful kiss!

I still tear up in amazement (29) ______ the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all

tho years ago. I went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, I have volunteered at a

no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has pasd and all the experiences I have had, I’ve never met a dog

who didn’t know that it (30) ______ (rescue) in one way or another.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chon from the box. Each word can be ud only once.

Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. achievement B. captured

G. manageable

C. championed D. conveniently E. distract F. executive

J. reluctantly K. reveal H. memorable I. publicizing

Marketing the Moon

An astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong’s first lunar (月球的) footstep is deep-rooted

in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) 31 moment if

it weren’t for NASA’s clever PR (Public Relations) team.

Richard Jurek is a marketing 32 and co-author of the book Marketing the Moon: The Selling of the

Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA’s move to real-time, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11

landing “the first positive viral event that 33 the world’s attention.”

Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military’s territory; that cretiveness carried

over into the space agency’s early days. At first, NASA followed a “fire in the tail” rule, only 34 a

rocket’s launch when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more

details about the Apollo program. It 35 its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges,

and shared launch times so people could watch. “If it had been run like it was under the military,” Jurek says,

“we would not have had that n of drama, that n of involvement, that n of wonder, that

36 .” Instead, all the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human

spaceflight program into people’s living rooms and imaginations.

As the drama neared its peak, NASA’s PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the first humans to

walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and

cameras small enough to keep the cargo 37 , didn’t exist at that point. Some engineers worried that

developing that equipment would 38 from efforts to achieve the landing itlf. But NASA’s

communications team argued that telling the story was as vital as the 39 itlf. Live TV would bring the

American people—and international viewers—along for the ride.

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Come landing day, which 40 fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded

around TVs and radios for the historic moment. “We were able to come together and do something that was

exciting and interesting and brought the world together,” says David Meerman Scott, marketing strategist and

co-author of Marketing the Moon. “I don’t know that we’ve done anything like that since.”

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phras marked A, B, C and D.

Fill in each blank with the word or phra that best fits the context.

Ancient creatures likely evolved the stress respon to better escape from hunters. But today its caus

include traffic, deadlines and first dates. According to a 2018 American Psychological Association survey of

more than 3,000 people, the top 41 are work, money, the economy and health.

Although everyone faces stress, people react to it 42 . “There’s the situation, how we 43 the

situation, and then our skills at handling the situation,” says psychologist William Lovallo of the University of

Oklahoma. 44 experiences help us asss appropriate respons, so most people improve with age. “A

high school student or a college student might not have tho 45 skills and might let a situation get out

of hand,” he adds.

Most 46 have normal stress respons, regulated to give the right burst of hormones (激素) and

bodily changes for a particular stressor. But others always over-or underreact, which may be a warning sign for

physical or mental 47 . To study this, scientists often monitor cortisol (皮质醇) or heart rate variations

throughout the day and during trying tasks.

48 , the intensity of the respons ems to be t from a young age. Studies have shown that

people who experienced childhood hardships—including physical punishment and a(n) 49 home—are

more likely to have quiet stress reactions as adults. For example, as part of a study published in 2012, Lovallo

expod 354 participants to moderate stress. People who lf-reported early-life 50 actually had lower

heart rates and cortisol levels than other participants. While the study tasks were not important, the individuals’

underreactions suggest their stress respon may also have trouble 51 when it really matters. It can be

just as 52 as an extreme respon. Other rearch has found links between childhood conflict,

abnormally low adult stress and substance misu. Though the biology is not fully understood, it’s suggested

that early-life neglect or suffering 53 the body’s stress pathways.

Even before birth, a child can 54 parental stress. The phenomenon is well-demonstrated in rats and

mice, and some papers have shown the same association 55 . For example, babies born to mothers who

survived the 9/11 attacks all had low cortisol levels.

41. A. stressors

43. A. improve

44. A. Valuable

45. A. coping

46. A. adults

47. A. functions

48. A. By the way

B. respons

B. influence

B. living

B. rearchers

B. disorders

C. crets

C. normally

C. describe

C. learning

C. students

C. variations

D. concerns

D. mentally

D. evaluate

D. Constant

D. acting

D. monitors

D. abilities

42. A. appropriately B. differently

B. Professional C. Previous

B. In some cas C. On the contrary D. As a result

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49. A. independent

50. A. education

51. A. racing up

52. A. impressive

53. A. smooths

54. A. endure

55. A. between animals

Section B

B. distinguished C. unstable

B. experience

B. showing up

B. follows

B. relieve

B. in humans

C. involvement

C. taking up

C. dulls

C. increa

C. with society

D. extended

D. difficulty

D. keeping up

D. unhealthy

D. destroys

D. inherit

D. of importance

B. insignificant C. positive

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by veral questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choo the one that

fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

I live in a cond-floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the hou. Hou and tree have been

here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there

when builders started on the hou at the beginning of the 1900s.

It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure into its path. It

bent and adjusted itlf to make room, and to find the space to grow big and strong and wi. Which means

that some hundred years later, the solid, strong branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home.

It’s covered in moss (苔藓), which is, in turn, crawling with all sorts of incts. I have never en the incts, by

the way, I just know that they’re there becau of all the birds trying to pick them out. They are always

hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs.

I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I’m eating breakfast or making dinner in the

kitchen, I can look out and e a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine.

When I’m sitting in the living room, reading or drinking tea, I can suddenly find mylf face to face with

another bird. We’ll be staring at each other and, after some time, decide we can both carry on with our business.

Living side by side. Even as I write this—the large windows open to a lovely, soft evening—a white feather

comes floating down by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons.

As I don’t have the luxury of a garden, this tree makes me feel connected to the outdoors. Such an ancient

tree, a tree that is itlf home to many other creatures—that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and

made me a part of its world, without ever asking for something in return. But if needs be, I know that it can

count on me and I will protect it with all my strength.

56. The flat the author lives in is ______.

A. built in an ancient tree

C. decorated with branches

B. hugged by a giant tree

D. surrounded by a garden

57. In the author’s description, she implies that ______.

A. birds keep her warm company

C. moss makes her flat nice and cool

58. What does the author really treasure?

A. A clo-to-nature life.

C. A spacious hou.

B. A luxurious garden.

D. A sociable neighbor.

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B. she has been living on tree products

D. she has been bothered by the incts

59. Which of the following can be ud to express the author’s feeling?

A. Jealous. B. Inferior. C. Content.

(B)

D. Passionate.

The Sleep of Your Dreams

According to the Centers for Dia Control and Prevention, a third of us don’t get nearly enough

shut-eye. Our collective tiredness has promoted a $41 billion market for devices promising more—and

higher-quality—sleep. In my everlasting arch for downtime, I tested some of the most promising ones.

Here’s how they stacked up.

Eight sleep tracker

$299

This mattress (床垫) topper fits under a sheet

and “turns any bed into a smart bed,” according to

Eight. While I slept, the nsor-decorated pad

gathered data like heart rate, periods of deepest

sleep, and number of turns. It was easy to u, and

I liked the warming feature, which let me t each

side of the bed to a different temperature.

REM Score: 8 (out of 10)

Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution

$299

My eight-hour restful happiness is frequently

interrupted by my husband’s snoring. The Smart

Nora relieves me of the need to push him. When

the bedside audio nsor detects a breathing

disturbance, it slowly blows up the offender’s

pillow, gently shifting them into a freer-breathing

position. My husband sometimes woke up briefly

but was soon asleep again.

REM Score: 8

* REM: rapid eye movement (describes a period of sleep during which you dream and your eyes make small movements)

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Dreampad pillow

$149 and up

The Dreampad us smooth soundscapes to

help you power down. Connect the device to your

phone via Bluetooth or USB, and the pillow emits

soft music, audible only to you as you lay your

head down. There are ten tracks on offer. I didn’t

drift off any faster with the Dreampad, but it did

help me fall back asleep when I woke up at night.

REM Score: 6

Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System

$149

The Nightingale is hi-tech. Two app-enabled

units wrap the room in a blanket of warm sound.

You can also program the system to provide

weather and traffic information when you wake

up. The only downside: in standby mode, it emits

a faint noi.

REM Score: 9

60. By “how they stacked up” in paragraph 1, the author probably means “how they ______.”

A. make n to manufacturers

C. are compared with each other

B. get stuck in stores

D. are piled up together

61. Which of the following devices favourably reacts to urs?

A. Dreampad pillow B. Eight sleep tracker

C. Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution D. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System

62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.

B. The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device.

C. Soft music is applied to all the four devices.

D. One in three people suffer from sleep problem.

(C)

An epidemic is the occurrence of a dia which affects a very large number of people living in an area

and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious dias, ideas in the academic world are

spreadable. But why some travel far and wide while equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has

been a mystery. Now a team of computer scientists has ud an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas

move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions

caud bigger “epidemics” than equally good ideas from less well-known places, explains Allison Morgan, a

computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study. “This implies that

where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant.” says nior author

Aaron Claut, also at Boulder.

Not only is this unfair—“it reveals a big weakness in how we’re doing science,” says Simon DeDeo, a

professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study.

There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. “They are

producing good ideas, and we know tho ideas are getting lost,” DeDeo says. “Our science, our scholarship,

is not as good becau of this.”

The Colorado rearchers analyzed an existing data t of computer science department hires in North

America, as well as a databa of publications by the hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in

computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for this

movement a little more than a third of the time—and in 81 percent of tho cas, transfers took place from

higher-to lower-status universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious dia

model and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” (as measured by the number of institutions that published

studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution. The findings were

published online last October in EPJ Data Science.

The rearchers’ model suggests that there “may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the

middle of the pack, in terms of universities,” Claut says. DeDeo agrees. There is a lot of good work coming

out of less famous places, he says: “You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other

people don’t know becau they’re not even paying attention.”

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63. The word “this” in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that ______.

A. the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spread

B. the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintain

C. good ideas from less important institutions lack influence

D. scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless

64. The ca of some hires in paragraph 3 is ud to indicate ______.

A. the statistics the epidemiological model provides for the rearchers

B. why the originating institutions transfer their new findings

C. how they carry the ideas from lower- to higher-status institutions

D. the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects

65. Rearchers such as Claut are very much concerned about ______.

A. losing quite a number of great and creative thoughts

B. missing the opportunities of getting more well-known

C. misusing the epidemiological model in scientific rearch areas

D. having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires

66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. Infectious Dias B. Original Ideas

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper ntence given in the box. Each

ntence can be ud only once. Note that there are two more ntences than you need.

A. So we try to push back the tide and keep up by multi-tasking.

B. No wonder people say they’re too busy to e friends, exerci or sleep.

C. Would it surpri you to hear that we have more leisure time today than ever?

D. How can we learn to spend time in a way that’s more likely to lead to happiness and success?

E. It’s something that economists have been puzzling over and they’ve identified veral reasons.

F. Then you will have fewer empty experiences and far more that are worthy of your precious time.

The Fullness of Time

Most of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot—on average, five hours

49 minutes each day, which means we typically have somewhere between 36 and 40 hours available to be

spent every week however we want. So why don’t we feel time-rich? 67

One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there’s the way we’ve come to e busyness

as a status symbol: important people are busy, so we want to be busy, too. Add to that the flood of incoming

emails and texts, along with the endless ocean of possibilities, and it’s easy to e where time goes.

A cond factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making

us anxious. 68 This fools us into thinking we’re being more productive with our work time, so we try to

do it with our leisure time, too. When we’re playing with our kids, we check Facebook. When we’re hanging

out with one group of friends, we post pictures to show another. This is something sociologists call ‘polluted

time’.

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C. Idea Epidemic D. Epidemiological Model

We’re also addicted to our devices. In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on devices like

smartphones could be measured in minutes. Now, we spend on average 3.5 hours a day online. 69

You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free time—after all you know

the sort of things you enjoy, so what could be so difficult? Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has a

surprising opinion on it. “The popular assumption is that no skills are involved in enjoying free time, anybody

can do it. Yet the evidence suggests the opposite; free time is more difficult to enjoy than work.” Worryingly,

scientists have found that people are often no happier after a holiday than if they’d never taken one.

70 The question still remains unttled.

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in

no more than 60 words. U your own words as far as possible.

Cryptocurrency (加密货币)

Making payments online is very easy the days if you have a credit card or a bank card that us a

payment network. Sending money online to a friend, you have to u a payment rvice like Google Pay or

PayPal, or make a bank transfer. However, there is usually a significant delay before the receiver can u the

money, and transfers can have sizeable fees.

In 2008, a group of people published a paper describing a process that would u cryptograph (密码学) to

create a cure electronic cash system, known as a cryptocurrency. Person-to-person payments could be made

online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization. Each transaction

could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also rve as the means to confirm tho

transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for

anyone to become part of the digital economy.

Today, there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be valid global

payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry.

One issue is weak curity on cryptocurrency websites where urs either store their electronic cash in virtual

“wallets” or exchange one kind of electronic cash for another. However, clever thieves have broken into many

of the websites and stolen electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their urs from such thefts.

Another problem is the large number of fal cryptocurrencies advertid on the Internet. The

advertiments invite Internet urs to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are

persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the

victims’ money. In respon to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency

advertising on their websites.

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V. Translation

Directions: Translate the following ntences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

72. 我真的应该为自己失礼的行为向你道歉。(owe)

73. 我表哥每天步行一小时去单位，不为省钱，为了保持健康。(but)

74. 医生建议不要口渴了才喝水，而且要多喝白开水，而不是果汁或可口可乐。(before)

75. 这家网站常年以爆料名人的隐私来满足大家的好奇心，真令人不齿！(It)

VI. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in

Chine.

假如你是李华，今年暑假在一家老年医疗中心当了一个星期的志愿者。请给你的朋友王平写一封信，与其分享本次经历。你的信必须包括：

 你的所见所闻

 你的感悟

（信的开头已经为你写好。）

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