2020上海长宁、嘉定、金山高三英语一模试卷附答案

2023年12月24日发(作者：茭白炒蛋)

2020上海长宁、嘉定、金山高三英语一模试卷附答案

Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent

and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the

proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, u one word that best fits each blank.

A Grateful Patient

I took a job as a receptionist for a vet（兽医）almost five decades ago. As an

enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition (21) _______ U

wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals. I didn’t have the courage (22) _______

(watch) any creature in pain.

At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23) _______ a

young man ran up to us holding a verely injured Doberman puppy（杜宾幼犬）in his arms

and begging us to save his life. The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.

The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place (24) _______ the

skin was still attached to his poor little body was around one shoulder. The vet worked

tirelessly for what emed like hours, (25) _______ (w) him back together again. That

was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones, including his back. (26) _______

_______ he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.

The day forever changed my life. I became the vet’s assistant in all things medical. One

of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by

until one day he finally recovered.

Fast - forward about a year. I walked into the clinic’s (27) _______ (crowed) waiting

room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Doberman ran toward me. I

found (28) _______ pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his back

legs, his front paws（爪子）on my shoulders, washing my face with plentiful and joyful

kiss!

I still tear up in amazement (29) _______ the display of love and gratitude the dog had

for me that day all tho years ago. I went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since

retirement, I have volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has pasd and

all the experiences I have had, I’ve never met a dog who didn’t know that it (30) _______

(rescue) in one way or another.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chon from the box. Each word can be

ud only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. achievement B. captured C. championed

D. conveniently E. distract

F. executive G. manageable H. memorable

I. publicizing J. reluctantly K. reveal

Marketing the Moon

An astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong’s first lunar（月球的）footstep is deep-rooted in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might

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not have been such a(n) __31__ moment if it weren’t for NASA’s clever PR (Public

Relations) team.

Richard Jurek is a marketing __32__ and co-author of the book marketing the Moon:

The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA’s move to real-time, open

communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing “the first positive viral event that __33__

the world’s attention.”

Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military’s territory; that

cretiveness carried over into the space agency’s early days. At first, NASA followed

a “fire in the tail” rule, only ___34___ a rocket’s launch when it was successfully in the air.

But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It

___35___its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared

launch times so people could watch. “If it had been run like it was under the

military,” Jurek says, “we would not have had that n of drama, that n of

involvement, that n of wonder, that ___36___.” Instead, all the PR and press promotion

in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflight program into people’s living

rooms and imaginations.

As the drama neared its peak, NASA’s PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of

the first humans to walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The

technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo

___37___, didn’t exist at the point. Some engineers worried that developing that equipment

would ___38___ from efforts to achieve the landing itlf. But NASA’s communications

team argued that telling the story was as vital as the ___39___ itlf. Live TV would bring

the American people -- and international viewers -- along for the ride.

Come landing day, which ___40___ fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people

worldwide crowded around TVs and radios for the historic moment. “We were able to

come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the world

together,” says David Meerman Scott, marketing strategist and co-author of Marketing the

Moon. “I don’t know that we’ve done anything like that since.”

Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phras marked

A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phra that best fits the context.

Ancient creatures likely evolved the stress respon to better escape from hunters. But

today its caus include traffic, deadlines and first dates. According to a 2018 American

Psychological Association survey of more than 3,000 people, the top ___41___ are work,

money, the economy and health.

Although everyone faces stress, people react to it ___42___. “There’s the situation,

how we ___43___ the situation, and then our skills at handling the situation,” says

psychologist William Lovallo of the University of Oklahoma. ____44____ experiences

help us asss appropriate respons, so most people improve with age. “A high school

student or a college student might not have tho ___45___ skills and might let a situation

get out of hand,” he adds.

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Most ___46___have normal stress respons, regulated to give the right burst of

hormones（激素）and bodily changes for a particular stressor. But others always over-or

under-react, which may be a warning sign for physical or mental ___47___. To study this,

scientists often monitor cortisol（皮质醇）or heart rate variations throughout the day and

during trying tasks.

____48___, the intensity of the respons ems to be t from a young age. Studies

have shown that people who experienced childhood hardships -- including physical

punishment and a(n) ___49___ home -- are more likely to have quiet stress reactions as

adults. For example, as part of a study published in 2012, Lovallo expod 354 participants

to moderate stress. People who lf-reported early-life ___50___ actually had lower heart

rates and cortisol levels than other participants. While the study tasks were not important,

the individuals’ under-reactions suggest their stress respon may also have trouble

___51___ when it really matters. It can be just as ___52___ as an extreme respon. Other

rearch has found links between childhood conflict, abnormally low adult stress and

substance misu. Though the biology is not fully understood, it’s suggested that early -

life neglect or suffering ___53___ the body’s stress pathways.

Even before birth, a child can ___54___ parental stress. The phenomenon is well -

demonstrated in rats and mice, and some papers have shown the same association

___55___. For example, babies born to mothers who survived the 9/11 attacks all had how

cortisol levels.

41. A. stressors B. respons

C. cretes D. concerns

42. A. appropriately B. differently

C. normally D. mentally

43. A. improve B. influence

C. describe D. evaluate

44. A. Valuable B. Professional

C. Previous D. Constant

45. A. coping B. living

C. learning D. acting

46. A. adults B. rearchers

C. students D. monitors

47. A. functions B. disorders

C. variations D. abilities

48. A. By the way B. In some cas

C. On the contrary D. As a result

49. A. independent B. distinguished

C. unstable D. extended

50. A. education B. experience

C. involvement D. difficulty

51. A. racing up B. showing up

C. taking up D. keeping up

52. A. impressive B. insignificant

C. positive D. unhealthy

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53. A. smooths B. follows

C. dulls D. destroys

54. A. endure B. relieve

C. increa D. inherit

55. A. between animals B. in humans

C. with society D. of importance

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by veral

questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C

and D. Choo the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you

have just read.

(A)

I live in a cond - floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the hou.

Hou and tree have been here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows

how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the hou at the

beginning of the 1900s.

It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure

into its path. it bent and adjusted itlf to make room, and to find the space to grow big and

strong and wi. Which means that some hundred years later, the solid, strong branches of

the tree reach around two full sides of my home. It’s covered in mass（苔藓）, which is, in

turn, crawling with all sorts of inets. I have never en the incts, by the way, I just

know that they’re there becau of all the birds trying to pick them out. They are always

hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs.

I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I’m eating breakfast or making

dinner in the kitchen, I can look out and e a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its

own meal while I tend to mine. When I’m sitting in the living room, reading or drinking tea,

I can suddenly find mylf face to face with another bird. We’ll be staring at each other and,

after some time, decide we can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. Even

as I write this -- the large windows open to a lovely, soft evening -- a white feather comes

floating down by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons.

As I don’t have the luxury of a garden, this tree makes me fell connected to the

outdoors. Such an ancient tree, a tree that is itlf home to many other creatures -- that feels

different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever asking

for something in return. But if needs be, I know that it can count on me and I will protect it

with all my strength.

56. The flat that author lives in is _________.

A. built in an ancient tree B. hugged by a giant tree

C. decorated with branches D. surrounded by a garden

57. In the author’s description, she implies that _________.

A. birds keep her warm company B. she has been living on tree products

C. moss makes her flat nice and cool D. she has been bothered by the incts

58. What does the author really treasure?

A. A clo - to - nature life. B. A luxurious garden.

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C. A spacious hou. D. A sociable neighbor.

59. Which of the following can be ud to express the author’s feeling?

A. Jealous. B. Inferior. C. Content. D. Passionate.

(B)

The Sleep of Your Dreams

According to the Centers for Dia Control and Prevention, a third of us

don’t get nearly enough shut-eye. Our collective tiredness has promoted a $41

billion market for devices promising more -- and higher - quality -- sleep. In

my everlasting arch for downtime, I tested some of the most promising ones. Here’s how they stacked up.

Eight sleep tracker

$299

This mattress（床垫）topper fits under a sheet and “turns any bed into a smart bed,” according to Eight. While I slept, the nsor - decorated pad gathered data like heart rate, periods of deepest sleep, and number of turns. It was easy to u, and I liked the warming feature, which let me t each side of the bed to a different temperature.

REM Score :8 (out of 10)

Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution

$299

My eight-hour restful happiness is

frequently interrupted by my husband’s snoring. The Smart Nora relieves me

of the need to push him. When the bedside audio nsor detects a breathing

disturbance, it slowly blows up the offender’s pillow, gently shifting them into a freer - breathing position. My husband sometimes woke up briefly but was soon asleep again.

REM Score: 8

Dream-pad pillow

$149 and up

The Dream-pad us smooth soundscapes to help you power down. Connect the device to your phone via Bluetooth or USB, and the pillow emits soft music, audible only to you as you lay your head down. There are ten tracks on offer. I didn’t drift off any faster with the Dream-pad, but it did help

me fall back asleep when I woke up at night.

REM Score: 6

Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System

$149

The Nightingale is hi - tech. Two

app - enabled units wrap the room in

a blanket of warm sound. You can also program the system to provide weather and traffic information when you

wake up. The only downside: in standby mode, it emits a faint noi.

REM Score: 9

* REM: rapid eye movement (describes a period of sleep during which you dream and your eyes make small movements)

60. By “how they stacked up” in paragraph 1, the author probably means “how they

_________.”

A. make n to manufacturers B. get stuck in stores

C. are compared with each other D. are piled up together.

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61. Which of the following devices favourably reacts to urs?

A. Dream-pad pillow B. Eight sleep tracker

C. Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution D. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System

62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.

B. The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device.

C. Soft music is applied to all the four devices.

D. One in three people suffer from sleep problem.

(C)

An epidemic is the occurrence of a dia which affects a very large number of people

living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious dias, ideas

in the academic world are spreadable. But way some travel far and wide while equally good

ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer

scientists has ud an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic

institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions

caud bigger “epidemics” than equally good ideas from less well-known places, explains

Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author

of the new study. “This implies that where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads,

holding the quality of the idea constant.” says nior author Aaron Claut, also at Boulder.

Not only is this unfair -- “it reveals a big weakness in how we’re doing science,” says

Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University,

who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas

who do not end up at top institutions. “They are producing good ideas, and we know tho

ideas are getting lost,” DeDeo says. “Our science, our scholarship, is not as good becau

of this.”

The Colorado rearchers analyzed an existing data t of computer science department

hires in North America, as well as a databa of publications by the hires. First they

looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found

that hiring a new member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time

-- and in 81 percent of tho cas, transfers took place from higher- to lower-status

universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious dia

model and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” (as measured by the number of

institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of

the originating institution. The findings were published online last October in EPJ Data

Science.

The rearchers’ model suggests that there “may be a number of quite good ideas that

originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities,” Claut says. DeDeo agrees.

There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places, he says: “You can learn a

huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people don’t know becau they’re

not even paying attention.”

63. The word “this” in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that _________.

A. the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spread

B. the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintain

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C. good ideas from less important institutions lack influence

D. scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless

64. The ca of some hires in paragraph 3 is ud to indicate _________.

A. the statistics the epidemological model provides for the rearchers

B. why the originating institutions transfer their new findings

C. how they carry the ideas from lower - to higher - status institutions

D. the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects

65. Rearchers such as Claut are very much concerned about _________.

A. losing quite a number of great and creative thoughts

B. missing the opportunities of getting more well-known

C. misusing the epidemiological model in scientific rearch areas

D. having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires

66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. Infectious Dias B. Original Ideas C. Idea Epidemic D. Epidemiological

Model

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper ntence given in

the box. Each ntence can be ud only once. Note that there are two more ntences than

you need.

A. So we try to push back the tide and keep up by multi - tasking.

B. No wonder people say they’re too busy to e friends, exerci or sleep.

C. Would it surpri you to hear that we have more leisure time today than ever?

D. How can we learn to spend time in a way that’s more likely to lead to happiness and success?

E. It’s something that economist have been puzzling over and they’ve identified veral reasons.

F. Then you will have fewer empty experiences and far ore that are worthy of your precious time.

The Fullness of Time

Most of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot - on

average, five hours 49 minutes each day, which means we typically have somewhere

between 36 and 40 hours available to be spent every week however we want. So why don’t

we feel time - rich? ______67______

One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there’s the way we’ve

come to e busyness as a status symbol: important people are busy, so we want to be busy,

too. Add to that the flood of incoming emails and texts, along with the endless ocean of

possibilities, and it’s easy to e where time goes.

A cond factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others

are doing, making us anxious. _____68______ This fools us into thinking we’re being

more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure time, too. When

we’re playing with out kids, we check Facebook. When we’re hanging out with one group

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of friends, we post pictures to show another. This is something sociologists call ‘polluted

time’.

We’re also addicted to our devices. In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on

devices like smart-phones could be measured in minutes. Now, we spend on average 3.5

hours a day online. _____69_____

You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free time --

after all you know the sort of things you enjoy, so what could be so difficult? Psychologist

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has a surprising opinion on it. “The popular assumption is that no

skills are involved in enjoying free time, anybody can do it. Yet the evidence suggests the

opposite; free time is more difficult to enjoy than work.” Worryingly, scientists have found

that people are often no happier after a holiday than if they’d never taken one.

_____70_____ The question still remains unttled.

Ⅳ.Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of

the passage in no more than 60 words. U your own words as far as possible.

Cryptocurrency（加密货币）

Making payments online is very easy the days if you have a credit card or a bank card

that ud a payment network. Sending money online to a friend, you have to u a payment

rvice like Google Pay or PayPal, or make a bank transfer. However, there is usually a

significant delay before the receiver can u the money, and transfers can have sizeable

fees.

In 2008, a group of people published a paper describing a process that would u

crypto-graph（密码学）to create a cure electronic cash system, known as a cryptocurrency.

Person - to - person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers

instead of a bank or other financial organization. Each transaction could happen very

quickly. The shared network of computers would also rve as the means to confirm tho

transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up

the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.

Today, there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be

valid global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the

entire cryptocurrency industry. One issue is weak curity on cryptocurrency websites

where urs either store their electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their

urs from such thefts.

Another problem is the large number of fal cryptocurrencies advertid on the

Internet. The advertiments invite Internet urs to visit websites offering new

cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual

money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims’ money. In respon to this

problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on

their websites.

Ⅴ. Translation

Directions: Translate the following ntences into English, using the words given in the

brackets.

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72. 我真的应该为自己失礼的行为向你道歉。(owe)

73. 我表哥每天步行一小时去单位，不为省钱，为了保持健康。(but)

74. 医生建议不要口渴了才喝水，而且要多喝白开水，而不是果汁或可口可乐。(before)

75. 这家网站常年以爆料名人的隐私来满足大家的好奇心，真令人不齿！(It)

Ⅵ. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions

given below in Chine.

假如你是李华，今年暑假在一家老年医疗中心当了一个星期的志愿者。请给你的朋友王平写一封信，与其分享本次经历。你的信必须包括：

l 你的所见所闻

l 你的感悟

（信的开头已经为你写好）

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参考答案

语法部分：

21. themlves 22. have been introduced 23. to come 24. when / if

25. hoping 26. can 27. which 28. what 29. But 30. personalized

词汇部分：

31. G 32.C 33. I 34. A 35. E 36. B 37. K 38. F 39. J 40. H

完型填空：

41 - 45 CACBB 46 - 50 DADBC 51 - 55 BDACD

阅读理解：

56 - 59 DDAB 60 - 62 CBC 63 - 66 DACA

选句填空：

67 - 70 CAEB

概要写作：

71. The Zeigarnik effect, the tendency to remember incomplete tasks better than complete

ones, is uful in daily life. Firstly,it can keep people from putting off things when they

start with a small s, it encourages breaks in students’ study, thus improving

recall in exams. Thirdly, it promotes mental health by providing the motivation needed to

finish tasks.

翻译部分：

72. 导游让游客相信不少欧洲小镇确实值得看一看。（convince）

The tour guide convinced the tourists that many / quite a few European towns / towns in

Europe were really / definitely / indeed / well worth eing / visiting / a visit.

73. 如果你不清楚如何进行生活垃圾分类，不妨登录相关网站进行查询。(sort)

If you don’t know how to sort the houhold wastes /trash / rubbish, you’d better/ might as

well consult / refer to / make inquiries / inquire about them on a relevant website. (If you

don’t know: you’d better / might as well)

74. 这部新上映的电影刻画的是生活中最微不足道的小事会如何影响我们的人生轨迹。(feature)

The / This newly - relead movie features how the tiniest incidents in our life can have an

impact / effect on what our life will be like / the cour of our life.

75. 正因为大量健身步道的投入使用，越来越多的上海市民开始了定期户外锻炼，“每天一万步”已成为都市新风尚。(It)

It is becau a large number of fitness / jogging /hiking trails have been but u that more

and more Shanghai citizens get /become engaged in / take (up) / do / take part in regular

outdoor exerci /regular exerci outdoors and 10,000 steps a day has become a new urban

trend /fashion.

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