陈圣元填空

2023年12月4日发(作者：仲秋节)

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1. The attempt to breed suitable varieties of jojoba

by using hybridization to---favorable traits was

finally abandoned in favor of a simpler and much

faster---: the domestication of flourishing wild

strains.同义重复

(A) eliminate.. alternative 没有与attempt相关的信息

(B) reinforce.. method

(C) allow.. creation

(D) reduce.. idea

(E) concentrate.. theory

使用主干大法可以看出：the attempt was finally abandoned in favor of a _,此空格显然应将attempt重新填进去，能表达这个含义的只有method.另外to_favorable traits从简单的思维角度入手，可以猜得这里应该填入一个增加之类的词。

2. According to one political theorist, a regime that its goal absolute---, without

any---law or principle, has declared war on justice. 反义重复

(A) respectability.. codification of

(B) supremacy .. suppression of

(C) autonomy .. accountability to不是参考，而是负责任

(D) fairness .. deviation from

(E) responsibility .. prioritization of

使用主干大法可以看出，a regime has declared war on justice.而修饰regime的就是that引导的从句，its girl absolute_,可以得知，空格填入的应该是”not justice”，能表达出这一意思的只有supremacy。

3. Although frequent air travelers remain unconvinced怀疑，不确认, rearchers have

found that, paradoxically, the---disorientation inherent in jet lag also may yield

some mental health---.反义重复

(A) temporal.. benefits

(B) acquired.. hazards

(C) somatic .. disorders (D) random .. deficiencies

(E) typical .. standards

disorientation是一个贬义词，根据paradoxically，后面的空格应该填一个褒义词。

ally, the proper u of figurative language must be bad on the denotative

meaning of the words, becau it is the failure to recognize this---meaning that

leads to mixed metaphors and their attendant incongruity.反义重复

(A) esoteric

(B) literal

(C) latent

(D) allusive

(E) symbolic

关键词是this。

5. Although it ems---that there would be a greater

risk of rious automobile accidents in denly

populated areas, such accidents are more likely to

occur in sparly populated regions.

(A) paradoxical

(B) axiomatic

(C) anomalous

(D) irrelevant

(E) portentous

6. Whereas the Elizabethans struggled with the

transition from medieval---experience to modern

individualism, we confront an electronic

technology that ems likely to rever the trend,

rendering individualism obsolete and

interdependence mandatory.

(A) literary

(B) intuitive

(C) corporate (D) heroic

(E) spiritual

7. The author did not e the---inherent in her

scathing criticism of a writing style so similar to

her own.

(A) disinterest

(B) incongruity

(C) pessimism

(D) compliment

(E) symbolism

biological uniqueness requires that the effects of a substance must be verified

by---experiments, even after thousands of tests of the effects of that substance on

animals.

(A) controlled

(B) random

(C) replicated

(D) human

(E) evolutionary

9. Today water is more---in landscape architecture

than ever before, becau technological advances

have made it easy, in some instances even ---to

install water features风景 in public places.

(A) conspicuous.. prohibitive禁止的

(B) sporadic.. effortless

(C) indispensable.. intricate

(D) ubiquitous.. obligatory例行公事

(E) controversial.. unnecessary

10. While many Russian compors of the

nineteenth century contributed to an emerging

national style, other compors did not----

idiomatic习俗的 Russian musical elements, ---- instead the traditional musical

vocabulary of Western

European Romanticism.

(A) utilize ..rejecting (B) incorporate.. preferring

(C) exclude.. avoiding

(D) repudiate.. expanding

(E) esteem.. disdaining

11. Becau the painter Albert Pinkham Ryder was

obsd with his ----perfection, he was rarely

----a painting, creating endless variations of a

scene on one canvas, one on top of another.

(A) quest for.. satisfied with

(B) insistence on .. displead with

(C) contempt for.. disconcerted by

(D) alienation from.. immerd in

(E) need for.. concerned with

12. Objectively t standards公正设立的标准 can rve as a ----for physicians,

providing them----unjustified malpractice claims不公正的错误指控.

(A) trial.. evidence of

(B) model.. experience with

(C) criterion.. reasons for

(D) test.. questions about

(E) safeguard.. protection from

13. In spite of ----reviews in the press,the production of her play was ----almost

certain

oblivion by enthusiastic audiences who acumen was greater than that of the

critics.

(A) lukewarm.. condemned to

(B) scathing.. expod to

(C) lackluster.. rescued from

(D) nsitive.. reduced to

(E) admiring.. insured against

当题目陷入僵局时，做题还需要尝试从正评价或负评价的方面选词。

14. The passions of love and pride are often found

in the same individual, but having little in common状语, they mutually ----, not to

say destroy, not to say 虽然说不上 each other.

(A) reinforce

(B) annihilate

(C) enhance

(D) weaken

(E) embrace

15. A unique clay disk found at the Minoan site of

Phaistos is often ----as the earliest example of

printing by scholars who have defended its claim权利

to this status despite equivalent claims put forward for other printing artifacts.

(A) questioned

(B) overlooked

(C) adduced

(D) conceded

(E) dismisd

By前后结果与行为一致

16. Punishment for violating moral rules is much more common than reward for

following them; thus, ----- the rules goes almost ---- in society.

(A) association with .. undefended

(B) adherence to .. unnoticed

(C) affiliation of .. uncorrected

(D) opposition to .. unchecked

(E) ignorance of .. unresolved

17. Compassion is a great respecter of justice: we

pity tho who suffer ----.解题步骤：pity重复compassion，vicariously重复justice

(A) shamelessly

(B) unwittingly

(C) vicariously替罪羊的

(D) intensively

(E) undervedly

根据句意，可知空格里应填justice的反义词。 18. MacCrory's conversation was --------: she could

never tell a story, chiefly becau she always forgot it, and she was never guilty of

a witticism俏皮话,

unless by accident.

(A) scintillating

(B) unambiguous

(C) perspicuous

(D) stultifying愚笨的

(E) facetious

根据句子中的语气，空格中显然应填一个贬义词，只有D和E符合题意，仔细考虑，Efacetious虽然可以表达出she was never guity of a witticism,但是却不能体会出前半句的意思，因而没有stultifying覆盖的范围广。做题时切忌以偏概全。

19. No work illustrated his disdain for a systematic approach to rearch better than

his

disrtation, which was rejected primarily becau his bibliography constituted, at

best,----- survey of the major texts in his field.

(A) an unimaginative

(B) an orthodox

(C) a meticulous

(D) a comprehensive

(E) a haphazard

20. Until quite recently rearch on diabetes had, as a kind of holding action,

attempted to refine

the -----of the dia, primarily becau no preventive预防的 strategy emed at

all likely to be

----- .

(A) definition .. necessary

(B) anticipation .. acceptable

(C) understanding .. costly

(D) treatment .. practicable

(E) symptoms .. feasible

21. Most plant species exhibit ----- in their

geographical distribution: often, a given species

is found over a large geographical area, but individual populations种群 within that range are

widely ----- .

(A) discontinuity .. parated

(B) density .. disperd

(C) symmetry .. obrved

(D) uniformity .. scattered

(E) concentration .. adaptable

冒号后是对上文的重复。第二个句子中But暗示一个转折，本题从第二个空入手。

22. In contrast to the----- with which the

acquisition of language by young children was

once regarded, the process by which such

learning occurs has now become the object

of ----- .

(A) intensity .. fascination

(B) incuriosity .. scrutiny

(C) anxiety .. criticism

(D) reverence .. admiration

(E) impatience .. training

通过对句子主干的提取，可以很容易的看出空中的两个词应为反义词。

23. There is hardly a generalization that can be made about people's social behavior

and the values informing it that cannot be ------from one or another point of view,

or even ------as simplistic or vapid.

(A) accepted…praid

(B) intuited…expod

(C) harangued…retracted

(D) defended…glorified

(E) challenged…dismisd

直接从as simplistic or vapid可以看出前面一个空应该填一个贬义词，本题答案中只有e选项中的dismisd符合题意。如果从句子主干分析的话，there is hardly a generalization can

be made cannot be __ from one or another point of view.这时有accepted和challenged符合题意，但prad as simplistic or vapid显然很荒谬。 24. Although any destruction of vitamins caud by

food irradiation could be ------ the u of diet

supplements, there may be no protection from

carcinogens that some fear might be introduced

into foods by the process.

(A) counterbalanced by

(B) attributed to

(C) inferred from

(D) augmented with

(E) stimulated by

25. The prevailing union of passionate interest in

detailed facts with eirqual devotion to abstract --

----is a hallmark of our prent society; in the

past this union appeared, at best, ------and as if

by chance.后面的红字的小连接是判断的关键

(A) data…extensively

(B) philosophy…cyclically

(C) generalization…sporadically零星的，偶然的

(D) evaluation…opportunely

(E) intuition….lectively

如果通过主句来判断的话，the prevailing union is a hall the past显然构成了一个时间上的类比，那么以前的union就不是hallmark,这里只有sporadically符合条件，而如果考虑到后面的小连接and if by chance的话，就直接可以选出第二个空为sporadically。第一个空应该是与fact并列的词。

26. A century ago the physician's word was ------ to

doubt it was considered almost sacrilegious亵渎的

(A) inevitable

(B) intractable

(C) incontrovertible

(D) objective

(E) respectable

这个句子是不是有点问题呢，我感觉应该是a century ago the physician’s word was

incontrovertible; To doubt it was considered almost sacrilegious. 27. Robin's words were not without emotion: they

retained their level tone平稳的语调 only by a careful ---

--- imminent extremes.

(A) equipoi between 小心的平衡

(B) embrace of

(C) oscillation between

(D) limitation to

(E) Subjection to

28. Although a change in management may appear to

------- a shift in a company's fortunes, more

often than not its impact is --------

(A) asurable

(B) demonstrable

(C) profound

(D) fundamental

(E) inconsiderable

从题目中易知第二个空格中应填与shift的感觉相反的词，这里只有inconsiderable符合题意。而第一空，在不考虑第二空的情况下只能排除A选项。

29. The skeleton of ------- bird that was recently

discovered indicated that this ancient creature -

----- today's birds in that, unlike earlier birds

and unlike reptilian ancestors, it had not a tooth

in its head.

(A) obscured

(B) preempted

(C) anticipated

(D) foreshadowed

(E) differed from

30. People of intelligence and achievement can none-

theless be so ------ and lacking in ------ that they gamble their reputations by

breaking the law to further their own ends.

(A) propensity

(B) prosperity看成propriety了，下次注意

(C) deference (D) independence

(E) integrity

31. A number of scientists have published articles

------- global warming, stating ------- that there is no solid scientific evidence to

support the theory that the Earth is warming becau of

increas in greenhou gas.

(A) ategorically明确的，直截了当的

(B) paradoxically

(C) ptimistically

(D) hesitantly

(E) andidly

There is no solid evidence就说明了作者对global warming是持否认态度的，因而只有ACD可以候选，categorically这里指的是明确地，直截了当地，符合题意。

32. The nator's attempt to convince the public that she is not interested in running

for a cond term is as -------- as her opponent's attempt to disgui his intention

to run against her.

(A) biad确实有点太主观了

(B) unsuccessful

(C) inadvertent

(D) indecisive

(E) remote

既然说是disgui了，就说明已经暴露了，因而是不成功的。

33. Conceptually, it is hard to reconcile a defen

attorney's ____ to ensure that fal testimony is

not knowingly put forward with the attorney's mandate命令 to mount the most

____ defen conceivable for the client.

(A) efforts ... cautious

(B) duty ... powerful

(C) inability ... eloquent

(D) failure ... diversified

(E) promis ... informed

错误的理解了mandate的含义。 34. Originally, most intellectual criticism of

mass culture was ____ in character, being bad

on the assumption that the wider the appeal, the

more ____ the product.

(A) unpredictable ... undesirable

(B) ironic ... popular

(C) extreme ... outlandish

(D) frivolous ... superfluous

(E) negative ... shoddy

35. Surprisingly, given the dearth of rain that fell on the com crop, the yield of the

harvest was ____; conquently, the corn rerves of the country have not been

____.

(A) inadequate ... replenished

(B) encouraging ... depleted

(C) compromid ... salvaged

(D) abundant ... extended

(E) disappointing ... harmed

key:

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