where引导的定语从句的先行词

where引导的定语从句的先行词

先看几道高考试题：

1. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,_____ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.

A. that B. where C. which D. who

2. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, ______ they learn simple games and songs.

A. then B. there C. while D. where

3. Tho successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ______ sight matters more than hearing.

A. when B. who C. which D. where

4. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cas ______ beginners of English fail to u the language properly.

A. which B. as C. why D. where

5. After graduation she reached a point in her career ______ she had to decide what to do.

A. that B. what C. which D. where

归纳 常见的抽象先行词有ca/ condition/ point/ position/ situation/ scene/activity/job/race

【模拟训练】

1.I can think of many cas ___ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a

good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where

2. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ___ they can e themlves differently.

A. that B. when C. which D. where

3. ---Do you have anything to say for yourlf? ---Yes, there’s one point ____ we must insist on .

A. why B. where C. how D. /.

4. — What do you think of teaching, Bob ?

— I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something rious but interesting.

A. where B. which C. when D. that

5. I’ll give you my friend’s home address, ___ I can be reached most evenings.

A. which B. when C. whom D. where

6. All the neighbors admire this family, ___ the parents are treating their child like a friend.

A. why B. where C. which D. that

7. I work in a business ___ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.

A. how B. which C. where D. that

people who had en the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ___ people

were eaten by the tiger.

A. where B. by which C. which D. that

二．先行词为具体的地点名词

1. Stephen hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ___ life has developed gradually.

A. that B. where C. which D. who

2.. ---Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut ?

---You should try the barber’s ___ I go. it’s only 15.

A. as B. which C. where D. that

3. A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain .

A, when B. that C. where D. there

4. New York, ___ last year is a nice old city.

A. that I visited B. which I visited C. where I visited D. in which I visited

5. Is this the hou ___ Shakespeare was born?

A. at where B. which C. in which D. at which

6. There were dirty marks on her trours ___ she had wiped her hands.

A. where B. which C. when D. that

7. If a shop has chairs ___ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.

A. that B. which C. when D. where

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介词 + 关系代词

一、“介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句基本构成：

“介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词主要是which, whom, who

1. 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，关系代词不能省略。

This is the hero of whom we are proud.

This is the hou in which my grandfather once lived

This is the boss in who shop I worked for 10 months.

二、“介词+ 关系代词”中的介词的确定方法：

（一）根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词，其动词与介词搭配，构成动词短语。

【典例】1. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in

the direction ______ she had come.

A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which

2. -----Why does she always ask you for help? ---- There is no one el ______, is there?

A. who to turn to B to whom. she can turn C .for whom to turn D. for her to turn

（二）根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词，其形容词与介词搭配，构成形容词短语。例如：

The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms. (be sure about)

The teacher of whom the students in our class are fond is Mr. Wang, our English teacher. (be fond of)

（三）根据定语从句所修饰的先行词确定介词，其先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词，

它们与介词之间有一定的联系。当“介词+关系代词”在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语时，可分别用

when, where, why 替换。

【典例】1. We went through a period______ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.

A. what B. who C. in which D. with which

2. Many people who had en the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes____ people

were eaten by the tiger.

A. in which B. by which C. which D. that

（四）根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词不是由固定的动词短语

构成的，这时，要根据句子所要表达的意思，选用不同的介词。

【典例】1. She was educated at Beijing University , ______ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.

A. after that B. from that C. from which D. after which

2. The schools themlves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ____ they are being trained.

A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which

三、“介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句扩展形式

（一）“不定代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构

用于这个结构中的代词主要是 both，all，much，many，（a）few，（a）little，none，some，veral，most

等不定代词，而其后的介词多用of。这种结构常用来引导非限制性定语从句，有时候也可把“of＋关系代词

which/whom”置于代词前。

【典例】1. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _____ are beyond our control.

A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that

2. Last week，only two people came to look at the hou， wanted to buy it.

A．none of them B．both of them C．none of whom D．neither of whom

3. I have many friends, ___some are businessmen.

A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom

（二）“the＋名词＋介词＋关系代词”结构

这个结构在引出的定语从句中作主语时，要注意谓语动词数的问题，分清关系代词所代表的先行词与介

词前各成分数量的关系或性质。注意这种结构中“介词＋关系代词”所构成的介词短语修饰前面的名词，名词

也可以放在关系代词之后。例如：

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【典例】1. The man pulled out a gold watch, _____ were made of small diamonds.

A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which

2. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ____the sailing time was 226 days.

A of which B during which C from which D for which

3. Recently I bought an ancient Chine va, ______ was very reasonable.

A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of who

（三）“数词＋介词＋关系代词” 结构

【典例】1. I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed.

A. of that B. of which C. that D. which

2. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% are sold abroad.

A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that

3. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, ______ five are mine

A on which B in which C of which D from which

（四）“the＋形容词比较级（最高级）＋介词＋关系代词”结构

这里的形容词多用比较级或最高级形式，因为形容词前有定冠词the，实际上这个形容词相当于名词。

【典例】 There are two buildings, stands nearly a hundred feet high.

A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which

（五）“介词＋who ＋名词”结构

【典例】1. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ___effects the people are still suffering.

A. that B. who C. tho D. what

（六）“介词＋ which ＋名词”结构

【典例】 Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ____ he studied very hard and was made

Chairman of the Students' Union.

A. during which time B. for which time C. during who time D. by that time

牛刀小试

children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.

A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom

control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.

A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which

showed the visitors around the muum, the construction _____had taken more than three years.

A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which

of the soul is a gradual process ______ even the small details of life should be considered.

A. what B. in what C. which D. in which

has written two novels, both of ______ have been made into television ries.

A. them B. that C. which D. what

our class there are 46 students, ______ half wear glass.

A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them

brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.

A. them B. who C. whom D. the

power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.

A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which

9. It’s a family of five, are addicted to the Internet.

A. all of them B. all of whom C. which D. tho

10. On his 10th birthday, Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, ___ he believes that he

can go to the wild.

A. which B. from what C. through which D. that

11. Plea pass me the dictionary ______ is black.

A. its cover B. which cover C. of which the cover D. cover of which

12. There are forty-five students in our class, ______are from the nearby villages.

A. one-third of who B. one-third of which C. one-third of them D. one-third of whom

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old lady had one son and two daughters, ____ treated her well, ___ made her very sad.

A. no one of whom; as B. neither of them; which C. none of whom; which D. none of them; as

14. This article may shock some nsitive readers, I offer my apologies in advance.

A. from whom B. for whom C. to whom D. towards whom

15. He works in the middle school, ______ there is a river.

A. in front of it B. in front of which C. in front D. in the front

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