郭著章、李庆生《英汉互译实用教程》(第3版)课后习题及详解

郭著章、李庆⽣《英汉互译实⽤教程》（第3版）课后习

题及详解-第3、4章【圣才出品】

第3章翻译常⽤的⼋种技巧

⼀、翻译下列各段。注意翻译术语的适当运⽤，尤其是有关翻译技巧的定义

1. There are in the main eight techniques and principles in translation, either from English into Chine or from Chine into

English. They are: diction, amplification, omission, conversion, inversion, negation, division and repetition.

【答案】不管是英译汉还是汉译英，主要有⼋条翻译技巧(和原则)，即选词⽤字法，增译法，减译法，词类转移法，词序调整

法，正说反译法、反说正译法，分译法和重译法。

2. By “diction” we mean proper “choice of words” in translation on the bas is of accurate comprehension of the original.

【答案】所谓“选词⽤字法”，就是在正确理解原⽂的基础上适当地选择词语。

3. Repetition is uful chiefly for clearness, which is of cour the first quality to be acquired in a discour. Secondly, words

are repeated also for the sake of emphasis or force, which is another important quality in expression. Lastly, repetition will

give life to the discour and make it more attractive.

【答案】重译法之所以有⽤，第⼀是它可使译⽂明确(明确是衡量语⾔质量的第⼀个标准)；第⼆是为了强调，使语⾔有⼒(这是

衡量语⾔质量的另⼀重要标准)；第三是为了使译⽂⽣动形象，引⼈⼈胜。

4. By amplification we mean supplying necessary words in our translation work to

make the version correct and clear, to make it appear more like the language translated into. Words thus supplied must be

indispensable either syntactically or mantically.

【答案】增译法意味着为使译⽂正确、清楚和更为地道⽽增⽤必要的词语，所增之词不论是在句法上或词义上都必不可少。

5. As a matter of principle, a translator is not suppod to add any meaning to or subtract any meaning from the original work.

However, this does not mean that a translator should refrain from supplying the necessary words to make his version both

accurate in meaning and in keeping with the usage of the language to be translated into.

【答案】按原则，译者不能对原⽂的意思任意增减，但这不是说为了使译⽂忠实⽽地道不准译者增加必要的词语。

6. Nothing shows greater difference in syntax between English and Chine than the omission of words in the ntence.

What is considered necessary, indispensable, and even a characteristic feature in one language may be deemed uless,

superfluous, and even a stumbling block in another.

【答案】英汉两种语⾔在句法上最⼤的差别莫过于各⾃在词语的省略上的不同：在⼀种语⾔⾥被认为是必要的、必不可少的，

8. By inversion in translation we mean that the constituent elements of a ntence are arranged in a way different from the

general rules of word order of the language in question. Each language has its own peculiarities in word order. The natural

order in English may mean the inverted order in Chine. Put it more clearly, inversion, as one of the translation techniques,

means the necessary or even inevitable change of word-order in a ntence according to the usage of the language to be

translated into. This change of word-order is necessary becau, first of all, each language has its own natural word order

and its own peculiarities in word order, condly, inversion, as a stylistic device, is often ud for emphasis. 【答案】翻译中

的词序调整法是指译⽂的词序可以不同于原⽂句⼦成分的安排。任何语⾔都

有其词序特点。英语中的⾃然语序可能译成汉语的倒装语序。明确地说，词序调整法作为⼀种翻译技巧，是指根据语⾔习惯在

翻译中对词序加以改变。这⼀改变之所以必要或必不可少，⾸先是因为每种语⾔都有其词序特点，其次是可以作为⼀种修辞⼿

段，达到强调的⽬的。

9. There is another peculiar negative construction in English in which negation is applied to only a part of the persons or the

things mentioned in the subject. The word order of partial negation in English is quite different from Chine expression. A

⼆、翻译下列各句。注意理解原⽂