英语作文中的标点符号

英语作文中的标点符号

英语作文中的标点符号

大庆石油高中路宝秋

不论是在平时的练习中还是考试中，许多同学在写英语作文时不

太注意标点符号的运用，有的同学甚至所有的标点符号都是圆点。其

实正确使用了标点符号，有助于使文章的思路更加清晰，读文章的人

也可以很好地理解该文章。因此，大家在平时写英语作文时一定要注

意标点符号的使用，这样才会在考试的时候不会吃这方面的亏。

英语中的标点符号和汉语的标点符号在使用上有很多相同之处，

但亦有一些区别。现将英语中常用的几种标点符号简介如下:

一、句号 (full stop [英> period [美>)

句号表示陈述句末尾的停顿。

如:Welcome to Disneyland. Today I’ll show you around it.

句号也用在缩写或简写词的词尾，如 Dr. Smith等。

注意，英语句号必须用实点“.”，而不是小圆圈。

二、逗号 (comma)

逗号表示句子内部的一般性停顿。

However, in the year 2002 alone, we have earned 10,000

dollars.

书信末尾Yours Sincerely之后需用逗号。书写日期、地址时，也

常用逗号，如:

Our new school will be built in Haidian District, Beijing, in

December, 2003.

三、问号 (question mark)

问号表示疑问句末尾的停顿。

What can we do to show our support?

Does it mean that you will live in Hong Kong for ever?

有的句子虽然有疑问词“who”“how”等，但全句并不是疑问

句，末尾不用问号，如:

Who will do this project is still unknown. 四、冒号(colon)

冒号表示提示性话语之后的停顿，冒号后的内容相当于冒号前面

的一个词或更多的词，其主要用途是阐明、解释或提起下文。

You have to bring the things tomorrow: pen, ruler, paper

and erar.

There are four asons in a year. They are: Spring, Summer,

Autumn and Winter.

但有人认为动词之后最好不要用冒号来引出列举的事物，后一句

应改为: There are four asons in a year. They are Spring, Summer,

Autumn and Winter.

五、引号(quotation marks)

引号标明文中直接引用的话。

“Will you be free on Sunday?” asked Amy.

引号还用来表明需要着重论述的对象或具有特殊含义的词语。

In our homet own we call it “Apple”. In fact, it just looks

like apple, but not really apple.

引号也常用来表示文章、电影等的标题。

“Hero” is one of my favorite films.

六、感叹号 (exclamation mark [英> exclamation point [美>)

感叹号表示感叹句末尾的停顿。

What a fine day it is!

语气强烈的祈使句或陈述句末尾也用感叹号。

Loo k! It’s him!

但我们在书面表达时，要尽量少用感叹号，因为很多人认为滥用

感叹号是写作不老练的

一种标志。

七、分号(micolon)

分号表示复句内部并列分句之间的停顿，用来代替并列连接词

she`ll miss out on something.

注意分号后的句子第一个字母不大写。

八、括号(parenthes)

括号标明行文中注释性的话。

Everyone should fight against SARS (vere acute respiratory

syndrome).

九、破折号(dash)

破折号标明行文中解释说明的语句。破折号和括号用法不同:破折

号引出的解释说明是

正文的一部分，而括号里的解释说明不是正文，只是对句中的某

个部分进行注释。

Even when you are asleep, you are using energy? About 65

calories an hour.

All four of them? Bob, Jeffrey, Jason, and Brett? did well in

college

十、省略号 (ellipsis)

省略号标明行文中省略了的话，是用来表示文中省略或虚缺部分，

它的使用往往给人一

种意犹未尽的感觉，欲语还休的意境，为人们打开想象的空间，

任其驰骋。

Juan thought and thought … and then thought some more.

连字号也用来表示移行。如果一个较长的词在一行之末需要断开

时，须先在该行之末加

一连字号，其余部分写在下一行行首。但单词移行的规则比较复

杂，请同学们在书写时尽量

不要把单词拆分成两个部分。

高考书面表达评分标准指出:“拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一

个方面，评分时应视

其对交际的影响程度予以考虑”。但由于平时我们中学英语教学

不太重视标点符号知识的讲

授，导致学生在书面表达时，经常出现标点符号使用的错误，最

终影响到自己书面表达的得

分。现将学生在书面表达中常犯的错误分析如下:

[原文]We had a short rest, then we began to play happily, we

sang and danced, some told

on food; the other is to reduce my weight.

一般句子都有主语和谓语这两个主要成分。“to save money on

food and to reduce my

weight”这一不定式短语并不是一个完整的句子，不应用句号与

前句断开。如一定要另写为

一句的话，需补上所缺的句子成分。

[原文]Charging entrance fees for a public park, will no doubt

keep a lot of people away.

[修正]Charging entrance fees for a public park will no doubt

keep a lot of people away.

不要用逗号将主语和谓语分隔开。

[原文]When I heard that Beijing won the bid for the 2008

Olympic Games. I was very excited.

[修正]When I heard that Beijing won the bid for the 2008

Olympic Games, I was very excited.

位于句首的状语从句，常用逗号与主句分开。但在书面表达阅卷

过程中，我们经常遇到

上述这种状语从句和主句之间被句号断开的错误，尤其当状语从

句比较长的时候，考生往往

会忘记使用逗号，而误用句号。

[原文]Many people jumped out of the window. Becau it was

the only way of escaping the fire.

[修正]Many people jumped out of the window becau it was

the only way of escaping the fire.

状语从句后置时，主句和从句之间通常不需用标点隔开，更不可

用句号将主句和从句断

开。

[原文]There are forty students in our class in all. Most of

whom are from big cities.

[修正]There are forty students in our class in all, most of

whom are from big cities.

[修正]There are forty students in our class in all. Most of them

are from big cities.

非限制性定语从句在书写时，应用逗号与先行词隔开，或干脆不

使用定语从句。

[原文]I wrote letters to: my aunt, the bus company, and my

clo friend, Jack, who moved to Boston four years ago.

[修正]I wrote letters to my aunt, the bus company, and my

clo friend, Jack, who moved to Boston four years ago.

介词和介词宾语之间不可用标点符号分割开。

[原文]Tom, the captain of the football team was riously

injured in the game.

[修正]Tom, the captain of the football team, was riously

injured

in the game.

[原文]Two hundred dollars, I think is not enough.

[修正]Two hundred dollars, I think, is not enough.

位于句子中间的同位语或插入语，前后均需用逗号与句子其他成

分隔开。

[原文] “We’ve found you at long last”, they said.

[修正] “We’ve found you at long last,” they said.

引号内如是一个完整的句子，逗号就应该放在引号内。

[原文]Each person can choo to go to one of the places ? a

factory、a farm、a school or a

hospital.

[修正]Each person can choo to go to one of the places ? a

factory, a farm, a school or a

hospital.

英语中没有顿号，在需要用顿号的地方，一般用逗号取代。

[原文]There was a very interesting article entitled 《No

beating about the bush》in yesterday’s 《China Daily》.

[修正]There was a very interesting article entitled “No

beating about the bush” in yesterday’s China Daily.

汉语有书名号，如《红楼梦》，而英语则没有。英语印刷材料中

的书名通常是斜体字(如:A Dream of Red Mansions)，在手写时则常

在书名下划线。文章名可用引号来表示。

标点符号使用不正确，会给阅卷老师造成不良印象，导致不必要

的失分。我们希望同学们在书面表达时，认真对待每一个标点的使用，

以完全达到预期的写作目的。