动词单复数原则

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动词单复数原则

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谓语动词用单数的情况

1．动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语，谓语用单数。如： Buying clothes is often a time-consumi

becau tho clothes that a person likes are rarely the cones that fit him or her. (1987年考研题) To understand the situation

completely requires more thought than has been given thus far.

2．表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用单数。 Two week

too long Five times five makes twenty five

3．一般用and连接的两个单词或短语做主语时候，谓语用复数，但是下面用and连接的主语表示一个概念，

用单数： law and order 法制 soap and water 肥皂水 a cup and saucer 茶杯碟子 fork and knife 刀叉 the needle and thr

针线 trial and error 反复尝试，不断摸索 hor and carriage 马车 time and tide 岁月 bread and butter 奶油面包 the eb

flow 盛衰，潮涨潮落 如： If law and order not prerved, neither the citizen nor his property is safe. A. is B. are C. was d

答案：A。

4．表示学科和某些疾病名称的名词是复数形式，作主语时候谓语动词用单数形式Linguistics is a branch of s

on human language.

5．有些名词形式上是复数，意义上是单数，根据意义一致原则动词用单数 The chaos was stopped by the polic

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news is a great encouragement to us A ries of debates between the lectures was scheduled for the next weekend.

6．用and 连接的成份表示一个单一概念时候，动词谓语用单数形式 Bread and butter is our daily food Time an

waits for no man《和3同》

二． 谓语用复数情况

1． 由and, both …and, 连接的并列主语，和both ,a few, many ,veral 等修饰语后面谓语动词通常用复数形

Few people know he and I were classmates when we were at college.

2．集体名词police, public, militia, cattle ,class ,youth后常用复数形式的动词 The Chine people are brave and

hardworking The cattle are grazing in the sunshine

3．当表示民族的词与冠词合用当主语，谓语动词用复数形式 The Japane were once very aggressive

4．某些形容词前面加定冠词表示一类人，做主语时候，谓语动词用复数 The rich are not always lfish

5．不可数名词作主语，其前有表示数量的复数名词修饰时，谓语动词用复数 Three million tons of coal were exported tha

三．谓语动词可用单数，也可以用复数的情况

1． 就近一致原则 这种情况下，谓语动词使用单数还是复数取决于最靠近该动词的主语的单复数，存在这

况的主要由以下几种可能：

1） 由连词 either…or…; neither…nor…; whether… or…;not only…but (also) ;or 等连接的并列主语 Neither m

nor fame has influence on me Not only you but also he is wrong

2) 在倒装结构中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语一致 Blocking the open-sided porch, framed by the envelopin

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stands a tall grave-faced policeman. Just outside the ruins is a magnificent building surrounded by tall trees. Although a great

number of hous in that area are still in need of repair, there has been improvement in the facili

2． 主语带有（together/along）with, such as, accompanied by, as well as, no less than, except, besides, with, comb

with, in addition to , including, together with 等等附加成分，谓语的数不受附加成分的影响仍然与主语保持一致 Profes

Taylor , with six of his students ,is attending a conference in Boston organized to compare current practice in the United State

tho of other nations. The president of the college, together with the deans, is planning a conference for the purpo of laying

down certain regulations. (1981年考研题)

3．关系代词做主语的定语从句中，谓语的数要与先行词一致。

如： Despite much rearch, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the inct that are not fully understoo

（1996年考研题） There are many valuable rvices which the public are willing to pay for, but which do not bring a return

money to the community. （1990年考研题）

4．一些表示数量的短语与名词连用时候，谓语动词的数取决于名词的数，名词是复数，谓语动词用复数，反

用单数。这些短语包括：a lot of /lots of; plenty of/heaps of; half of; two-third (three-fourth…) of; eighty(ten, twenty…) per

part of; rest of ; none of 等等 Two-thirds of people prent are women Lots of damage was caud by the fire

5．集体名词作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于主语表示的意思和数，当表示整体时候，谓语动词就用单数，当

集体中的个体时候，谓语动词就用复数。这些集体名词如：army, audience, band ,government ,group ,flock, police,

public ,staff ,team ,troop. Crowd, firm, family 等等 The family is the basic unit of our society The family were watching the

The audience was enormous The audience were greatly moved at the words

6．某些固定结构中主语与谓语的数：

第一组： a great many + 可数名词复数 谓语用复数 a number of + 可数名词复数 谓语用复数 the majority

可数名词复数 谓语用复数

第二组； the number of + 可数名词复数 谓语用单数 each/every + 可数名词复数 谓语用单数 neither/either o

可数名词复数 谓语用单数 one and a half + 可数名词复数 谓语用单数

第三组； more than one + 可数名词单数 谓语用单数 many a + 可数名词单数 谓语用单数

第四组； the greater part of a large proportion of 50% of one third of plenty of the rest of 谓语的数与of 后面的

一致

第五组； (n)either…(n)or…. not only….. but also …… not …..but …… 谓语的数与主语的第二部分（即(n)

also/ but引导的后面部分）一致.

注意比较： More students than one have been referred to

More than one student is going to buy this book

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