2003年考研英语真题及答案

2003年考研英语真题及答案

【篇一：2003年考研英语完形填空真题解析】

lass=txt>teachers need to be aware of the emotional,

intellectual, and physical changes

2. that young adults experience.

3. and they also need to

4. give rious 21 thought to

5. how they can be best 22 accommodate such changes.

6. growing bodies need movement and 23exerci ,

7. but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 但是不能只

注重比赛

8. 24 becau they are adjusting to their new bodies

9. and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional

challenges, 一大堆

10. teenagers are especially lf-conscious

11. and need the 25 confidence

12. that comes from achieving success

13. and knowing that their accomplishments

14. are 26 admired by others.

15. however, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with

so much competition

16. that it would be 27 to plan activities

17. in which there are more winners than lors, 因此安排一些

赢者多，输者少的活动是很明智的

18. 28 for example ,

27. as well as for practice in successful 31 group dynamics. 为

成功的群体动力提供

练习

28. dynamics 力学，动力学

29. making friends is extremely important to teenagers,

30. and many shy students

31. need the 32 curity of some kind of organization 需要加入

某个组织以获得安

全感

32. with a supportive adult 33 barely visible in the background

a) 需要有一位成人在只有后台看到见的地方提供

支持

in the activities,

33. it is important to remember that the young teens

34. have 34 short attention spans. 注意力持续时间很短

35. a variety of activities should be organized

36. 35 so that participants can remain active as long as they

want 这样参加活动的人就能想活动多久就活动多久

37. and then go on to 36something el然后就可以做一些其它

的事情

38. without feeling guilty

39. and without letting the other participants 37 down . 也不会

让其它参与者失望

changes. growing bodies need movement and 23 , but not just

in ways that emphasize competition. 24 they are adjusting to

their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and

emotional challenges, teenagers are especially lf-conscious

and need the 25 that comes from achieving success and

knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others. however,

the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much

competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there

are more winners than lors, 28 , publishing newsletters with

many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and

sponsoring book discussion clubs. a variety of small clubs can

provide 30 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice

in successful 31 dynamics. making friends is extremely

important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32 of

some kind of organization with a supportive adult 33 visible in

the background.

in the activities, it is important to remember that the young

35.[a] if only[b] now that[c] so that[d] even if

36.[a] everything[b] anything[c] nothing[d] something

37.[a] off[b] down[c] out[d] alone

38.[a] on the contrary[c] on the whole[b] on the average[d] on

the other hand

39.[a] making[b] standing[c] planning[d] taking

40.[a] capability[b] responsibility[c] proficiency[d] efficiency

文章背景

这是一篇讲述关于如何帮助青少年适应变化的社科类议论文。主要

介绍了老师需要了解青少年经历的情感、智力和身体上的变化。他

们还需要认真思考他们如何才能够最好地适应这些变化。成长中的

身体需要运动和锻炼，但并不只是通过强调竞争的方法来锻炼。因

为他们正在适应他们身体的新变化和许多新的智力和情感挑战，青

少年特别敏感，他们需要信心，这种信心来自于取得成功并知道别

人羡慕他们的成就。

答案详解

21. 【解析】[a] 语义辨析/ 固定搭配题。第二句中的and说明该句

是对上句的补充，be aware of 意识到，想到 与a项thought思考，

思想意思一致，而与b项idea 主意，观点，想法，c项opinion意

见和d项advice 建议不相照应; 四个词都可以和give连用，但是

idea 和opinion是可数名词，前面需要不定冠词an, 而give an

idea to和give an opinion to的对象都应是人。 d干扰性最大，容

易选错，但是give advice to 的对象也应该是人，而要想与后面的

how从句衔接则必须使用介词on,故不正确。

22.【解析】[b] 语义辨析题。根据原文的含义，教师应该关注的是

如何能够使他们(young adults)很好地适应这些变化。此题的难点在

于对accommodate一词词义的理解，可能很多考生只了解它的第

一个意思提供住宿，而不熟悉另外两个重要的意思是使满意;使适应。

此题的选择还有一个重要的线索，就是紧接着下文中的adjust to(适

应)，二者语义相近。

23.【解析】[c] 语义辨析题。本题目选择名词，在句子中充当宾语。

growing bodies need movement and, but not just in ways that

emphasize competition. 并列连词and确定空格处的词汇与

movement相似或者属于同类事物;转折词but not指示方向，but

not just in ways that emphasize competition.确定要选择的名词

是一种运动竞技项目。不难发现，四个选项中只有

c. exerci 表示练习，锻炼，是一种竞技运动。 因此，正确答案是

b. exerci 练习。

24.【解析】[d] 逻辑关系题。they are adjusting to their new

bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional

challenges, teenagers are especially lf?conscious and … 从

句they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of

new intellectual and emotional challenges,… 青少年正在适应新

的身体状况、心智和情感方面的诸多挑战;主句teenagers are

especially lf?conscious… 他们的自我意识强……。不难发现，

两个句子是因果关系。因此，正确答案为d. becau。 句子

becauce they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole

host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers

are especially lf?conscious and …因为青少年正在适应新的身

体状况、心智和情感方面的诸多挑战,所以他们的自我意识强并

且……。

25.【解析】[c] 语义衔接题。本题目选择名词，后面的定语从句提

供信息选择答案。顺着上一题的线索：句子叙述到becau they

are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new

intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially

lf?conscious and need thethat comes from achieving

success and knowing。并列连词and确定供选的词汇与

lf?conscious并列，表示一种性格特征;定语从句that comes

from achieving success 取得成功所需要的……，限定该词汇的性

质。他们所需要的是来自于取得成功被别人钦佩的信心。因此，正

确答案为c。

26.【解析】[b] 语义衔接题。本题目选择动词的过去分词形式，在

句子中构成被动语态，充当谓语动词。句子叙述到becau they

are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new

intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially

lf?conscious and need the confidence that comes from

achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments

areby others.因为他们正在调整自己以适应身体的变化和许多新的

智力上和情感上的挑战，所以他们自我意识很强并且需要信心，这

种信心来自于他们所取得的成功以及他们的成就被别

人……。句子中的主语提供信息决定答案。顺着上一题的线索，此

处关键在于accomplishments和什么动词搭配。从上文已经推定此

处动词的意思应为钦佩，崇拜，所以选d.

以选。

28.【解析】[c] 逻辑关系题。本题目选择逻辑关系词，体现前后的

逻辑关系。句子叙述到however, the typical teenage lifestyle is

already filled with so much competition that it would be wi to

plan activities in which there are more winners than

lors,publishing newsletters with many student?written book

reviews, ….空格后面列举了几个并列结构，不难发现该逻辑关系为

举例列举。选项前后是例证关系，后面列举的行为均属于用来具体

说明前面的activities, 形成照应关系。选项a. in effect 事实上;b.

as a result 结果是;c. for example 例如;d. in a n 从某种意义

上说。因此，正确答案为c. for example 例如。然而，典型的青少

年生活方式已经充满了如此众多的竞争，以至于组织一些胜者多败

者少的活动是明智的，例如出版学生书写的读书笔记……。

29.【解析】[a] 逻辑关系/ 语义衔接题。本题目选择动词的动名词形

式，在句子中充当谓语动词。句子叙述到 however, the typical

teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that

it would be wi to plan activities in which there are more

winners than lors, for example, publishing newsletters with

many student?written book reviews,student artwork, and

sponsoring book discussion clubs. 解题时需看清句中平列的逻

辑关系，出版包括许多学生所作的书评的简报，(展示)学生创作的艺

术品， 举办读书座谈俱乐部等。不难发现，选项a. displaying 展示，

展出，展出学生的艺术作品，符合语句含义，同时与出版学生书写

的读书笔记构成并列关系。因此，正确答案为a。

30.【解析】[d] 词汇辨析题。该题目选择形容词，在句子中充当定

语。句子叙述到a variety of small clubs can

provideopportunities for leadership,… 各种各样的小型俱乐部能

够提供……的机会锻炼孩子们的领导力。选择形容词，被修饰的名

词提供信息。选项a. durable 耐用的;持久的;与opportunities不搭

配;b. excessive 过度的;c. surplus 过剩的;都有过分之义， 含有否

定的意思， 与文意不符。正确选项le多样的与句子主语中

的variety相照应。

31.【解析】[a] 逻辑关系/ 语义衔接题。与上文相连，

opportunities后面两个for说明提供的是什么样的机会;由as well

as连接的介词短语与前一个for引导介词短语是并列关系， 译为不

仅提供……机会而且提供……机会，前者leadership是个体能力，

后者则是指在成功的集体活动中得到锻炼的机会，所以选a。

32.【解析】[d] 语义衔接题。本题存在一个意思上的相应关系， 即

the of organization与the support of adult对应，可以判断d正

确。 本题目选择名词，在句子中充当宾语。句子叙述到making

friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy

students need theof some kind of organization… 交朋友对于年

轻人极其重要，并且许多腼腆的学生需要……的某种组织给予

的……，而且需要有一个成年人在幕后给予支持。选项a. connt

内容， 含量;满意， 满足b. insurance 保险，安全保障;c.

admission 承认，允许进入;d. curity 安全，安全感。

33.【解析】[b] 语义衔接题。with引导一个介词复合结构作定语，

修饰organization， 其中支持他们的成人只能在背后出现， 这与

仅仅，刚好的意思一致。 making

【篇二：2003年考研英语翻译真题解析】

furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the

environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life

forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.

句子分析：

第一、句子可以拆分为两段：furthermore, humans have the

ability to modify the environment in which they live, / thus

subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and

fancies.

第二、句子的结构是：

1)这是个主句+分词短语表示伴随状态的结构：humans have the

ability thus subjecting ...

2) the environment in which they live是先行词+定语从句。

第三、词的处理：

modify the environment in which they live 改变他们的生存环境

subjecting all other life forms to 让所有其它形态的生命服从……

完整的译文：

61)而且，人类还有能力改变自己的生存环境，从而使所有其它形态

的生命服从人类自己独特的想法和想像。

考点总结：1)不定式短语做定语；2)介词+定语从句；3)分词短语表

示伴随状态。

62) social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which

eks to study humans and their endeavors in the same

reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that

natural scientists u for the study of natural phenomena.

句子分析：

第一、句子可以拆分为四段：social science is that branch of

intellectual enquiry / which eks to study humans and their

endeavors / in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and

dispassioned manner / that natural scientists u for the study

of natural phenomena.第二、句子的主干结构是：

主句+ which引导的定语从句+方式状语(in the same reasoned,

orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner)+定语从句。

第三、词的处理：

social science 社会科学

intellectual enquiry 知识探究

humans and their endeavors 人类及其行为

reasoned 理性的

orderly 有序的

systematic 系统的

dispassioned 冷静的

natural phenomena 自然现象

完整的译文：

62)社会科学是知识探索的一个分支，它力图像自然科学家研究自然

现象那样，用理性的、有序的、系统的和冷静的方式研究人类及其

行为。

考点总结：1)定语从句；2)方式状语；3)多重并列定语。

63) the emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a

cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures

1)主干结构是一个简单句：, ,

makes this study a unique and distinctly important social

science.

2)主语后面带有on data gathered first-hand是主语的定语，

combined with相当于and的意思，是对主语内容的补充，

perspective可以理解成主语的并列成分，brought to the analysis

of cultures past and prent是perspective的定语。其中past

and prent是cultures的定语。第三、词的处理：

the emphasis翻译时词性转换成动词

data gathered first-hand搜集的第一手资料

combined with加上，(这个短语不影响主语的数的变化)

a cross-cultural perspective跨文化视角

this study这一研究

完整的译文：

63)强调搜集第一手资料，加上在分析过去和现在的文化形态时采用

跨文化视角，使这一研究成为一门独特并且非常重要的社会科学。

考点总结：1)带有多重修饰成分的简单句；2)过去分词短语做定语；

3)复合宾语结构4)词性转换。

64) tylor defined culture as ... that complex whole which

includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other

capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of

society.

句子分析：

第一、句子可以拆分为三段：tylor defined culture as ... that

complex whole / which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom,

and any other capabilities and habits / acquired by man as a

member of society.第二、句子的结构是：

1)主干结构是：tylor defined culture as ...that

其中whole是“整体”的意思。后面是一个很长的定语从句，翻译时

可以和先行词拆开。

2)which引导的定语从句中有多重并列宾语，acquired by man as

a member of society是宾语的定语。第三、词的处理：

tylor人名，按照音译

defined culture as 将文化定义为

that complex whole 一个复合体

belief 信仰

morals 道德

man as a member of society 人作为社会成员

完整的译文：

64)泰勒把文化定义为“一个复合体”，它包括人作为社会成员所获得

的信仰、艺术、道德、法律、风俗以及其它能力和习惯。

考点总结：1)定语从句；2)过去分词短语做定语；3)多重并列宾语。

65) thus, the anthropological concept of culture, like the

concept of t in mathematics, is an abstract concept which

makes possible immen amounts of concrete rearch and

understanding.

句子分析：

第一、句子可以拆分为四段：thus, the anthropological concept

of culture, like the concept of t in mathematics, / is an

abstract concept / which makes possible / immen amounts

of concrete rearch and understanding.

第二、句子的结构是：

1)主干结构是：主语+插入语(like the concept of) +系表结构(is an

abstract concept) + which引导的定语从句

2) immen amounts of concrete rearch and understanding

是动词makes的宾语，possible是状语前置。

第三、词的处理：

the anthropological concept of culture,人类学的“文化”概念

the concept of t in mathematics数学中“集”的概念

an abstract concept抽象概念

immen amounts of concrete rearch大量的具体研究

完整的译文：

65)因此，人类学中“文化”的概念就像数学中“集”的概念一样，是一

个抽象概念。它使大量的具体研究和认识成为可能。

考点总结：1)表示比较的插入语；2)定语从句；3)复合宾语；4)状语

前置。

【篇三：考研英语阅读真题及详细解析2003】

loved the internet. the american spymaster who built the office

of strategic rvices in the world war Ⅱ and later laid the roots

for the cia was fascinated with information. donovan believed

in using whatever tools came to hand in the great game of

espionage — spying as a profession. the days the net, which

has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books

and nding mail, is reshaping donovans vocation as well.

the latest revolution isnt simply a matter of gentlemen reading

other gentlemens e-mail. that kind of electronic spying has

been going on for decades. in the past three or four years, the

world wide web has given birth to a whole industry of point-

[b] exerting the greatest effort [c] achieving the greatest

success [d] enjoying the widest popularity

44. it can be learned from paragraph 4 that ________.[a]

straitfords prediction about ukraine has proved true [b]

straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information [c]

straitfords business is characterized by unpredictability [d]

straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information 45.

straitford is most proud of its ________.[a] official status [b]

nonconformist image [c] efficient staff [d] military background

重点词汇：

更多地为贯彻落实而非战略本身操心——这样做更难。

spymaster ???????????? 即spy+master，间谍大王、间谍组织

首脑。

lay the roots for 扎根于。

strategic ????????????? （战略的；对全局起关键作用的）为

strategy（战略，策略）的形容词形式，-ic为形容词后缀。

strategy and tactics 战略与战术；a global strategy 全球战略。

worry more about implementation than strategy — its harder to

do.

fascinate ?????????? （使着迷，强烈地吸引），去e加名词后

缀-ion即为fascination（入迷；诱惑力），去e加形容词后缀-ing

即为fascinating（迷人的），另可记fascism（法西斯主义），

fascist（法西斯主义的；法西斯主义者）。he was fascinated with

her beauty.他被她的美貌迷住了。fascism is a

religion; the twentieth century will be known in history as the

century of fascism.法西斯主义是一种宗教；

madly round xual questions.种种宗教都围绕着两性问题疯狂地

打转。

二十世纪将作为法西斯主义世纪而载入史册。←据说这句话是墨索

里尼说的。 espionage

??????????????????????give birth to 分娩；产生；造成。he

gave birth to a brilliant idea.他想到一个绝妙的主意。

（间谍活动）即esp(i)+ion+age，espi即espy（窥

探←e-=ex-出来+spy窥探），-ion与-age皆名词后

缀，表“活动”。

revolution ????????????? （革命；旋转）是revolve（使旋转）

的名词形式，“旋转”入“革命”的漩涡。revolve即re+volve，re-反

复，volve词根

“卷”，于是“反复卷”→旋转。the heart makes a

revolution, the head a reformation.感情造就革命，理

智形成改革。（←the head a reformation省略了

makes。另如培根的名句：reading makes a full man;

conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.阅

读使人充实，讨论使人机敏，写作使人精确。）folds ud to be

willing to wait patiently for a slow-moving stage coach, but

now they kick like the dickens if they miss one revolution of a

revolving door.过去人们一

向乐于耐心等待慢吞吞的公共马车，可现在若错过

旋转门的一次旋转，他们就乱踢一气。revolution — ①an

injustice that rves to replace as soon as possible

the injustice of yesterday by the injustice of tomorrow ②the

tting-up of a new order contradictory to the traditional one 革

命——①能够促进尽快用明天的非正义取代昨天的非正义的一种非

正义 ②建立一种与传统秩序相反的新秩序。religions revolve

spook ?????? （幽灵；间谍）可看作

sp(y)+o(o)+ok→“幽灵”级的“间谍”窥探(spy)只用

两只眼睛(oo)就ok了。spook — something everyone

is afraid of and no one believes in 幽灵——人人害怕，却没人相

信的东西。

intelligence ????????????? （智力；情报）

即intel+lig+ence，intel-即inter-（前缀，意为“在……

之间”=between，因后接l，故r变形为l），lig词根

意为“选择”=lect（i与e元音可替换，ct=g←g就

是由一个大c与一个小t组成的），-ence名词后

缀，故“从中挑选出所需之物的能力”→智力；“从

中挑选出来的东西”→情报。intelligent（聪明的）←intel+lig+ent

形容词后缀；intelligible（可理解的，易懂的）←intel+lig+ible形

容词后缀。intelligence —

perhaps only an instinct that is mistaken 智力——也

许仅仅是一种被弄错的本能。intelligence is quickness in eing

things as they are.智慧就是迅速看出事物本来面目的能力。the

test of a first-rate intelligence is the ability to hold two oppod

ideas in

mind at the same time and still retain the ability to

function.检验一流智力的标准，就是在头脑中同时存在两种相反的

想法但仍保持行动能力。

influential ????????????? （有影响的；有权势的）即

in+flu+ential，in-前缀意为“到里面”=into，flu词根意为“流”=flow

（flu作单词时意

为“流感”，即“流行性感冒”），-ential形容词后缀，故“能流到心里

面的”→有影响的。名词与动词形式都是influence←in+flu+ence后

缀。that man is admired above all men, who is not influenced

by money.不为金钱所动的人是最受崇敬的。there is a boundary

to mens passions when they act from feelings; but none when

they are under the influence of imagination.当人们凭感觉行动时，

与激情尚隔一条界线，而受想象力驱动时则无此界线。

compile ????????? 即com+pile，com-前缀“一起”，pile堆，

故“把文字堆在一起”→编辑；“把资料堆在一起”→搜集。

compiler←compil(e)+er表“人”；compilation（编纂）

←compil(e)+ation名词后缀表“行为”。

splash ?????? （n.v.溅）为拟声词。make a splash 炫耀财富；

diplomacy — the art of jumping into trouble without making a

splash.外交——纵身跃入

麻烦而不溅起水花的艺术。

prediction ??????????? （预言，预测）即

pre+dict+ion，pre-前缀表“在前”，dict词根意为“说”，

-ion名词后缀，故“在事情发生前就说的”→预言，动词为

predict←pre+dict。

available ?????????? （可用的，可得到的）。opportunity is

available for everyone, but many of them didnt know they had

met with it.人人都能得到机会，但是许多人不知道自己遇到过它。

mutually

?????????????????????

（相互地）可看作mut(e)+ual+ly，mute（哑的），

-ual形容词后缀，-ly副词后缀，哑巴之间说话只能靠“相互地”交换

手势，形容词为mutual（相互的）。the proper basis for

marriage is a mutual misunderstandings.婚姻固有的基础是相互

误解。 reinforce ???????????? （增援，加强）即

re+inforce，re-前缀“再”=again，inforce即enforce（加强），

故“再次加强”→加强。reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土。

distribution ???????????????? （分发）

即dis+tribut+ion，dis-前缀“分离”=apart，tribut词根

“给”，-ion名词后缀，故“给出去”→分发。of great riches there

is no real u, except it be in the distribution.巨大的财富除了散

布，没有真正的用途。

dramatic ?????????? （戏剧性的；引人注目

的；剧烈的）即drama+tic，drama戏剧、剧本，-tic

形容词后缀，表“具……性质”。has anyone ever en a dramatic

critic in the daytime? of cour not. they come out after dark,

up to no good.有谁在白天见过

戏剧批评家吗？当然没有。他们天黑才露面，不做什么好事情。

take pride in 以……为骄傲。

emergence ??????????? （显现）为emerge的名词形式，

emerge即e+merge，e-=ex-，表“出来”，merge意为“结合，兼

并”，故“从兼并状态中出来”→显现。emergency（紧急情况，突然

事件）←e+merg(e)+ency名词后缀。truth emerges more readily

from error than from confusion.在错误中比在

混乱中更容易出真理。coward is one who in a

perilous emergency thinks with his legs.懦夫就是在

危急时刻用两条腿思考的人。

revive ???????? （v.恢复；复苏）即re+vive，re-前缀“回”，

vive词根“活的”，故“回到活的状态”→复苏。any great work of art

is great becau it creates a special world of its own. it revives

and readapts time and space.任何伟大的艺术品之所以伟大，是由

于它创造了自己特有的世界。它再现并重新改写了时空。

nonconformist ??????????????? （不合传统规范的；不合传统

规范的人）即non-（前缀，“不”）+conform（遵守）+ist（“……

的”或“……的人”）。

难句解析：

①the american spymaster who built the office of

roots for the cia was fascinated with information. ▲本句的主干

结构是the american spymaster was fascinated with

information。spymaster的后边是一个定语从句，定语从句里包含

由and连接的两个并列句。

△本句一共出现了三个动词，分别是built、laid和was fascinated。

应该注意体会它们的逻辑关系。本

句的谓语动词是was fascinated，应该首先把它找出

来。built和laid处于并列关系，它们的主语是

spymaster。

②the days the net, which has already re-made such

everyday pastimes as buying books and nding mail, is

reshaping donovans vocation as well.

▲句子的主干是the net is reshaping donovans vocation。两个

逗号之间是一个非限定性定语从句，用来补充说明the net。

△本句应该重点体会逗号在阅读当中的一个用法。两个逗号之间是

补充说明成分时，在阅读过程中可