专题02 阅读理解之议论文(原卷版)

专题02 阅读理解之议论文

（广东深圳统考一模）

2023··For middle and primary school students, being able to cook has become a

must. They will also need to learn how to plant vegetables, rai poultry() and maintain home appliances(

家禽修

理家电

) under new requirements for labor education.

The Ministry of Education (MOE) brought out a new standard for labor education in schools last year.

Starting from the 2022 fall mester, students in primary and middle schools have to take cours on labor skills at

least once a week.

Labor education helps students value hard work. It includes things like houhold chores(), on-campus

家务

labor and community volunteer rvices.

The new standards include three types of labor tasks. The first is for things like everyday chores, including

cleaning, organizing, cooking, and using and maintaining home appliances. Next is productive labor, including

agriculture, making traditional handicrafts, and applying new technologies such as 3D printing and lar cutting

(). The third type is rvice work, which includes volunteer work.

激光切割

Schools in China have traditionally placed more focus on studying, and many have en houhold chores as

a waste of children’s time. But according to the MOE, labor education must be built up to help students cultivate

() social values and develop an interest in labor.

培养

Online, people have been busy discussing the new standards on social media.

Liu Fang, a mother of 6-year-old twins in Beijing, strongly supports labor education. For the past year, she

has trained her daughters to do houhold chores and make simple dishes for the family.

“The main idea is to let them share responsibility as family members and become independent as early as

they can,” said Liu. “Through doing houwork, their hand-eye coordination (), time management and

协调

organization skills can be trained and it’s also good to help them relax.”

Through such education, Liu said her twins have found fun in doing chores and are more independent.

1What do we know about the new labor education standard?

．

AIt is for students from primary school to college.

．

BStudents can get extra credits for taking labor cours.

．

CIt started in the fall mester of 2022.

．

DStudents have to take three labor cours every week.

．

2What can students learn through labor education?

．

a. How to plant vegetables.

b. How to rai chickens or ducks.

c. How to be more focud in class.

d. How to fix computers or fridges.

AabcBabdCbcdDacd

．．．．

3What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

．

AWhy students should receive labor education.

．

BWhat labor education was like in China in the past.

．

CThe types of labor education included in the new standard.

．

DHow students find a balance between their study and labor tasks.

．

4What does Liu Fang think of labor education?

．

AIt’s too simple for students.

．

BIt isn’t fun enough for students.

．

CIt takes up too much of students’ free time.

．

DIt helps students develop different skills.

．

5What is the passage mainly about?

．

ANew cours for primary school students.

．

BLabor education for primary and middle school students.

．

CWays to cultivate students’ social values.

．

DNew technologies ud in primary and middle schools.

．

（天津红桥统考模拟预测）蝴蝶

2023··Here is a story: A man es a butterfly (). The butterfly tries to get

out of its chrysalis (). Feeling sorry for it, the man decides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes

蛹

out easily. Surprisingly enough, the butterfly is unable to fly. If the butterfly doesn’t struggle () to leave

挣扎，奋斗

the chrysalis, it can’t fly! The struggle develops the energy in the butterfly which makes it fly. Similarly, the

challenges () of life bring out the best in young people and make them fly.

挑战

When people are young, meeting and overcoming () challenges will make them strong and ready to face

克服

life. When we look at successful people, we e that the most successful of them are people who have had to

struggle. One famous businessman, who now owns many supermarkets, ud to carry clothes on his back and ll

them from door to door when he was young. Another successful man is Dennis. His father died when he was only

twenty. His father’s death forced him to mature fast. He had to bring up a family of nine people. He took up the

challenges and overcame them. Today his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives.

Sometimes challenges do not appear to us becau we keep away from them. So some parents and teachers

actively encourage young people to face challenges. They might organize some activities for young people which

provide them with challenges, like rock-climbing, camping, volunteer work and so on. However, just passing

exams will not prepare a person for life. We must meet and overcome challenges. The young people of today will

become the leaders of tomorrow. For countries to continue to become successful, it is important that the young

people learn to meet challenges and overcome them.

6From the story we know that the butterfly can’t fly becau ________.

．

Athe man feels sorry for itBthe man helps it come out

．．

Cit gets out by itlfDit tries to challenge itlf

．．

7Dennis’s example shows that successful people should ________.

．

Atake up business earlyBll clothes from door to door

．．

Covercome the difficultiesDbecome the leaders of tomorrow

．．

8The meaning of the underlined word “mature” in the passage is “________”.

．

Atake upBget upCwake upDgrow up

．．．．

9What is the writer trying to do in the passage?

．

AEncourage young people to face challenges.

．

BSuggest how to become a successful businessman.

．

CExplain what will happen if a person fails the exam.

．

DDescribe where a butterfly comes from.

．

10What is the best title for this passage?

．

ASuccessful People Have a Sen of Achievement

．

BYoung People Must Develop Their Energy Actively

．

CCountries Should Continue to Become Successful

．

DChallenges of Life Bring Out the Best in Young People

．

（江苏无锡统考一模）

2023··Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common

“m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common

than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech

sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.

More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f”

and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of rearchers led by

Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend aro.

They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(), making it

对齐

to be so large.

Analys of a language databa also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world

languages after the Neolithic age, with the u of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand

years. The sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.

This rearch overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were prent when human beings

evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The t of speech sounds we u has not necessarily remained stable since the

appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a

complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the

rearch team.

11Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s rearch focus on?

．

AIts variety.BIts distribution.CIts quantity.DIts development.

．．．．

12Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?

．

AThey had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.

．

BThey could not open and clo their lips easily.

．

CTheir jaws were not conveniently structured.

．

DTheir lower front teeth were not large enough.

．

13What is paragraph 5 mainly about?

．

ASupporting evidence for the rearch results.

．

BPotential application of the rearch findings.

．

CA further explanation of the rearch methods.

．

DA reasonable doubt about the rearch process.

．

14What does Steven Moran say about the t of human speech sounds?

．

AIt is key to effective communication.BIt contributes much to cultural diversity.

．．

CIt is a complex and dynamic system.DIt drives the evolution of human beings.

．．

（安徽合肥校联考一模）

2023··Should students do chores? A reporter interviews some people in the street

and here are some of their ideas.

I think students should spend their time on their schoolwork. They can start doing chores after going to

college.—Nel, 25

I started to teach my two sons to do chores when they were young. Here’s my way, I print off some chore

cards and put them into a box. Then, I let them pick their cards bad on (基于) their age. For example 3—5 years

old (2 cards); 6—8 years old (3 cards); 9—11 years old (4 cards) and 12—15 years old (5 cards). My boys are

very independent.—Addy, 41

Although I have a big family with 9 people, we also have over 60 animals to care for. My brothers and I ud

to complain that we had so much work to do and life was unfair. However, I have learned later that doing chores

helps me grow into a better person.—Selena, 12

If students begin doing chores from an early age, they’ll become more successful when they grow up. It’s

never too late to start.—Emily, 41

15

．

Who disagrees that students should do chores?

ANel.BAddy.CSelena.DEmily.

．．．．

16What do Addy and Emily have in common?

．

AThey both have children.BThey are at the same age.

．．

CThey both have a big family.DThey learn to do chores from an early age.

．．

17What can we learn from the material?

．

ASelena has to look after nine people.

．

BThe four people share their ideas online.

．

CSelena ud to hate her life.

．

DNel grew into a better person becau of doing chores.

．

（湖南统考一模）

2023··Duan Jiayang, a 12-year-old student of a primary school in Ningxia, Yinchuan,

learns the skills required to take care of vegetable fields.

“I learned how to place the mulch film(),” he says, “It’s not easy.”

地膜

In China, many parents place a heavy focus on their children’s good results, but vocational() skills

职业的

have little been cared.

“Some parents do everything for their children,” says Yan Mei, an official with the primary school, adding

that many students are short of the basic skills needed in their daily lives. For example, Yan says, some parents

would do the school’s general cleaning instead of their children.

Since March last year, the governments have launched a lot of policies, requiring that colleges, middle

schools and primary schools pay more attention to teaching students practical skills.

Following the policies, the primary school launched an “agricultural()class ba” on one of its

农业的

schoolyards. Students plant fruit and vegetables on an area of land about 4,000 in size.

㎡

In the days coming up to the May Day holiday, students of various grades at the school worked together in

the fields, says school principal Yang Bo. They planted watermelon, carrot and corn. May Day, also known as

Labor Day, is celebrated on May 1st in China.

The school hopes that students will understand the food is quite precious so that they will better realize the

difficulties that their parents went through.

18What does Duan Jiayang think of this activity?

．

ABoring.BEasy.CDifficult.

．．．

19What do many parents care most in the passage?

．

AChildren’s life skills.

．

BChildren’s high marks.

．

CTeachers’ skills cour.

．

20Which of the following crops is not mentioned according to the passage?

．

ACorn.BWatermelon.CCabbage.

．．．

21What can students learn from the agricultural class?

．

AStudents will understand the importance of studying.

．

BStudents can realize the difficulties their parents went through.

．

CStudents can learn all skills of life.

．

22Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

．

AYouths Get a Lesson in Life through Skills Cour

．

BDuan Jiayang, a Hard-working Student

．

CSchools Follow the Governments’ Policies

．

（四川成都校考一模）

2023··

Many new

kinds of stationery are invented the years. And they already entered the daily life of students. Have you ever

bought such products? Do you think such “high-tech” stationery（文具）is helpful? Here are some different

opinions.

DongI have many products of such stationery. I QiuI don’t buy such “high-tech” stationery.

bought them not only for their looks but also for their Stationery is study tools that should be uful, not for

ufulness. Actually, with the “high-tech” products, life playing with. They can easily distract students in

becomes much more convenient. For example, by using class. Students might spend a longer time on simple

the electric pencil sharpener, you won’t get your hands things. And, high-tech stationery is usually

dirty or waste time cleaning your desk. What a great expensive. My stationery is normal and completely

helper! enough for daily u.

ZhongWang

Such stationery is handy and convenient. They are I don’t think such stationery is necessary. I find

uful. For example, they save time. It takes only 5 to 10 that some of my classmates are just busy playing with

conds（秒）to clean your desk with an electric cleaner

them and showing off in front of others. They may

but will take about 20 conds by hand. You may think a have forgotten that the stationery should actually be

few conds doesn’t matter. But after 100 times of doing ud to help make their study life easier, but not make

it, it will be a lot of time. So be open-minded and try new

them ignore（忽略）what they are learning.

things.

23

．

Which good point of “high-tech” stationery is both mentioned by Dong and Zhong?

AIt has a nice look.BIt’s convenient to u it.CIt makes life interesting.

．．．

24What is the reason for dividing four people into two groups?

．

AWhether new stationery is uful.

．

BWhy students need new stationery.

．

CWhether new stationery should be allowed in class.

．

25How much time can Zhong save by using an electric cleaner for 100 times?

．

AHalf an hour.BMore than 25 minutes.CMore than 16 minutes.

．．．

26Which blank can be filled with the underlined word?

．

AYou can _________ yourlf if you don’t u the tool carefully.

．

BThe TV sound may_________ Mike, so can you turn it off now?

．

CI didn’t _________Coco although I arched everywhere in the hou.

．

27What does Wang’s last ntence mean?

．

AStudents can’t learn well if they live an easy life.

．

B“High-tech” stationery makes students have fun studying.

．

CUsing “high-tech” stationery takes students’ attention away from study.

．

（北京统考一模）

2023··Last night, a school night, my 11-year old son’s baball team played a game that

lasted until 9: 30. By the time we got home and he had a quick dinner and shower, it was 10: 30—an hour and a

half later than a child who gets up at 6:30 should be going to bed. We love baball. My son is having fun, getting

exerci, and learning patience () , teamwork and sports spirit. But the truth is that the game also influences

耐心

his sleep.

As parents, we want good things for our children. We want them to be healthy both in body and in mind. So

we look for ways to help our kids grow and develop. For example, we encourage our kids to take honors

cours() or to have after-school jobs. And we prai them for hard-earned ()success and

培优课程来之不易的

achievements.

However, the irony () is that all of the activities and responsibilities that we are giving our children to

讽刺

make, responsibilities and goals are good. But if we want our kids to realize their full physical, learning and social

ability.

Parents make bedtime routines () and carry out strict rules about night time. But in fact the measures

计划

() aren’t enough becau getting our kids enough sleep isn’t just about carrying out stricter bedtime. It

措施

actually requires more than order to make sure that our kids get the sleep they need, both parents and

schools should make an effort.

28What can we learn from the writer’s son’s story in Paragraph 1?

．

AIt’s never too old to learn.BWhere there is a will, there is a way.

．．

CEast or west, home is best.DEvery coin has two sides.

．．

29How does the writer show how parents help their kids grow and develop in Paragraph 2?

．

AWith some pictures.BWith some examples.CWith some studies.DWith some numbers.

．．．．

30What can we know about the writer’s son according to the passage?

．

AHe ud to go to sleep at 10: BHe ud to play baball every night.

．．

CHe can’t get enough sleep.DHis parents don’t have strict rules about nighttime.

．．

31What would be probably talked about in the fifth paragraph?

．

AMeasures parents and schools should take.BWays to develop skills of playing baball.

．．

CReasons for kids to sleep well at night.DAdvantages for kids to sleep well at night.

．．

（安徽合肥统考一模）

2023··When I was in school, I could always tell when my class was about to take a

test.

You could feel the anxiety in the air. Their smiles were tight (). Pencils were knocking lightly on

紧绷的

desks. A few students were trying to tell jokes to relax.

Every once in a while, a teacher would give us a break and announce () that the test was going to be an

宣布

open book one. Right away, you could e our smiles return. A few students would laugh, and you even heard a

cheer or two. The pressure () went away. As we took out our books, all of us knew that the answers would be

压力

right in front of us. All we had to do was to find them.

Many people say that life is one long ries ()of tests we have to face. This is true. But what most people

系列

don’t realize is that they are all open book ones. The answers are always right there in front of you, and they are

so simple. You just have to open the book of your soul () to any page, and you will e the words: “JUST

灵魂

LOVE”. Just love yourlf. Just love everyone as yourlf. When you do this, you will pass every test that life

throws at you. When you do this,you will make the world a brighter, better and happier place.

32What does the underlined word “anxiety” in Paragraph 2 mean?

．

ABCD

．茫然．喜悦．无聊．焦虑

33What did the writer’s classmates do after the teacher’s announcement?

．

AThey smiled tightly.BThey laughed and cheered.

．．

DThey told jokes to relax.CThey knocked their pencils lightly on the desk.

．．

34How can we pass the tests of life according to the writer?

．

ABy finding the answers in books.BBy changing our ideas about human souls.

．．

CBy loving ourlves and others.DBy learning to face the tests ourlves.

．．

（福建厦门厦门市湖滨中学校考模拟预测）

2022··

We’ll finally grow up someday, leaving our parents and facing the challenges () in life. Parents may not

挑战

be able to solve every problem for us.

Instead, we should have enough life skills to deal with the problems that come our way. This is what our

country tries to do now: Helping more students gain working spirit. To stress the importance of hardworking spirit

education () among students of different ages. The government relead () a guideline ()

劳动教育发布纲要

recently.

The guideline calls for students to respect work. Students should learn basic life skills and form good

working habits through such education.

The government has been trying to stress the importance of hardworking spirit education. But this has been

overlooked in recent years. Many teens do not value the importance of working hard and are uninterested in doing

so.

According to a study of nearly 3,000 students that was done by Evening News, only 22 percent of primary

and middle school students help with everyday houwork.

Schools and families play an important role in teaching students about the value of working hard, the

guideline says. Primary and middle schools should provide students with hardworking spirit class every week,

according to the guideline. Schools can also hold activities to give students real-world work experience. For

example, schools can teach children how to plant trees on Tree-Planting Day.

As children’s first teachers, parents should also encourage children to learn how to do houwork. Students

should master one or two life skills every year. The skills can include cooking, washing their own clothes and

tidying their rooms.

35The guideline was relead in order to _________.

．

Ateach students how to do houwork

．

Bcall for students to respect work

．

Chelp students solve life problems

．

Dask students to face the challenges

．

36What does the underlined word “overlooked” in Paragraph 4 mean?

．

ABCD

．证实．关注．查看．忽略

37What is Paragraph 5 trying to tell us?

．

AOnly 3000 students help with houwork.

．

BStudents pay no attention to work spirit.

．

CAbout one-fifth of students help with houwork.

．

DStudents are very dependent on their parents.

．

38According to the guideline, schools should ________ .

．

Aprovide both guidance () and chances for real work

．指导

Bhand out the guideline to every student

．

Cteach students how to plant trees

．

Dgive parents homework

．

39The article mainly tells us _________.

．

Athe government calls for students to work hard

．

Bschools should help students gain work experience

．

Cstudents should be hard-working and independent

．

Dhardworking spirit education is important and what we should do

．

（山东济南统考二模）

2022··High-tech machines have made life easier for millions around the world.

However, some people still prefer low-tech ways of doing things. Here’s an example of why this is happening.

You can microwave a frozen () hamburger in 60 conds. However, it won’t taste as good as one you cook

冷冻的

on the stove. And if you’re in that much of a hurry, you probably won’t take time to toast () the bread.

烘烤

High-tech cooking saves time, but it doesn’t make better-tasting meals.

Most people get their news from high-tech sources () like television or the Internet. This has many

来源

advantages. For example, electronic news is more up to date than newspapers or magazines. It’s also more

exciting to e live and videotaped news events than photographs.

However, newspapers and magazines have some important advantages. They give more background and

details. They also let you read the parts that are important to you and skip () the rest. Other high-tech time

跳过

savers have similar disadvantages. For example, most people u the phone or email to stay in touch with friends

and family members who live in other places. But when you u the Internet or the phone, you don’t always think

carefully about what you are saying, and sometimes you forget the important things you want to communicate.

Similarly, when you do your homework on the computer, you needn’t check your spelling by yourlf. However,

you are so busy with the computer that they don’t pay enough attention to the actual words they are writing.

40What advantages do high-tech machines have?

．

AThey make more delicious meals.

．

BThey can save time and make life easier.

．

CThey can provide news with detailed information.

．

DThey make students do their homework carefully.

．

41How many advantages does the writer mention about high-tech sources?

．

ATwo.BThree.CFour.DFive.

．．．．

42Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?

．

AWe sometimes forget the important things to say when talking on the phone.

．

BWe won’t miss important information while reading newspapers and magazines.

．

CWe can get the latest news from high-tech sources like television or the Internet.

．

DWhen we email our friends, we are always careful to choo the right words to say.

．

43How does the writer feel about high-tech tools?

．

AEasy come, easy go.BBetter late than never.

．．

CEvery coin has two sides.DLearn to walk before you run.

．．

44How is the text mainly developed?

．

ABy giving examples.BBy listing numbers.

．．

CBy following time order.DBy describing a process.

．．