2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题(阅读理解):选句补全短文(含答案)

2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题（阅读理解）：选句补全短

文

一．选句补全短文（共10小题）

1．（2020•成都）

Clo friends，think alike？

"What!You，too？I believed I was the only one． "Have you ever said something

like this to someone？（1）

It ems that similarity often helps form friendship．The Greek thinker Aristotle once

said， "People regard friendship as a matter of similarity；they say that we love tho who are

like ourlves．"（2） Scientists from University of California said friends have

similar behaviors，Scientific American reported．

The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in a test．Each student

watched the same t of videos，which included a comedy，a discussion and a soccer

match． （3） According to their scans，friends who watched the same video reacted

in similar ways．Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos，especially parts

that are connected with motivation（动机），learning and memory．（4）

"Seeing one's friends have similar behaviors will reinforce（强化）one's own values，

opinions，and interests， "lead scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business

Insider．（5） Scientists from the University of Leipzig，Germany，found that

friendship is also bad on how physically clo you are to someone．The scientists did a test

with first﹣year college students the first time they met in class．In this test，students who sat in

neighboring ats were more likely to become friends．

A．Now，there is some science behind this idea．

B．If so，you may have ended up becoming friends with this person．

C．Friends share a lot of similarities，though there are some differences．

D．But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship．

E．However，people who weren't friends had different reactions to the same videos．

F．At the same time，scientists scanned their brains and recorded their brain activity．

2．（2021•济南模拟）Some believe that people are either smart or dumb． And if they are

smart， everything is easy for them． （1） But they can improve the skills they

have and develop new ones． What's your opinion？

In fact， this is related to one's mindt （思维模式）． Dr． Carol Dweck， a

psychology （心理学）professor at Stanford University， has discovered that people with a

fixed mindt solve problems in

a much different way from tho with a growth mindt．

Dr． Dweck found people with a fixed mindt care about grades． When they

make mistakes，

they think it means they're not smart． （2） They're afraid of challenges，

becau if they don't do well， they may look dumb． People with a growth mindt， on

the other

hand， care about learning， not grades． They learn from mistakes by trying different

ways to solve

problems or asking for help．

（3）． They discovered that students with a growth mindt do better

in

math； tho with a fixed mindt do wor． Why？ Kids with both mindts do well in

primary

school， but middle school math is much harder． So while the growth﹣mindt kids

embrace （拥抱）

the challenge and work harder， the fixed﹣mindt kids may just give up．（4）

But Dweck's team discovered something even more important than that． They

found that， with

some work， kids can choo to have a growth mindt and do better in school． Everyone

has some

of each type of mindt． （5） When you hear your fixed mindt voice

telling you that you're dumb， or that you'll look stupid if you ask for help， or that learning

a new

skill is hard， talk back to it! Then you really can get smarter by working hard， practicing

and

challenging yourlf!

A． Some people believe that everyone in the world is smart．

B． As a result， their grades drop．

C． They also care about how smart they look．

D． Some hold the belief that not everyone can become a genius（天才）．

E． Dweck's team found fixed﹣mindt kids can't do well in primary school．

F． They are just like two kinds of voices in your head．

G． Dweck and her team did a rearch among middle school students．

3．（2018•枣阳市模拟）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选

项中有一项为多余选项．

Nowadays， the food that you buy comes from many different countries． Have a

look in your fridge， cupboard， and fruit bowl and check the origins （来源） of the

food． Perhaps there are apples from California， lamb from New Zealand， or potatoes

from Egypt？（1） This journey， from "field to plate"， is called "food

miles"． （2） Nowadays， food often travels thousands of miles to get to the

consumer （消费者）． Why is this， and what are the effects of the long distances？

Traditionally， farmers sold their food in the local market， so the food didn't have

to travel very far． The consumers also did not travel very far becau they went to their local

market to buy the food． This was a good system for farmers and

consumers．（3） For example， consumers could only buy food that farmers

produced locally． In addition， they could only get food that was in

ason． Now， becau of modern technology， food comes from all over the

world．（4） They are available in winter if we want．

（5） This is becau they have difficult climates（气候）． The United

Arab Emirates（UAE），for example， gets 85% of its food from other countries． Even food

made in the UAE often us imported materials．

A．However， there were some disadvantages．

B．You will probably be surprid how far food travels to get to your plate．

C．Some countries have to import （进口） most of their food．

D．What's wrong with "food miles"？

E．We do not have to wait for spring or summer to buy strawberries or tomatoes．

F．A food mile is the distance that food travels from the farmer's field to the person who buys

the food．

4．（2021•兰州模拟）Earthquakes usually come without warning．What should you do if this

happens to you？An earthquake is dangerous，but there are still things you can do to protect

yourlf．

Stay calm as the earth begins to shake．Your chances of survival（幸存；存活）in an earthquake

go up if you can keep calm．）46）

（47） You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling

objects．Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen．The I

kitchen is dangerous becau of many glass objects．

（48） Stay away from buildings and trees．If you are in a car，pull over to a place

where there are no trees or tall buildings and stay in the car．If you are clo to the a，try to

get as far away from the water as possible．Earthquakes can cau huge waves that can really

harm the people nearby．

（49） For example，gas fire often comes with an earthquake．If you e a fire，

quickly move outdoors to an open area．

Remember to always hope for the best but prepare I for the worst．

阅读以上短文，从文后方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使文意通顺、正确；根据

短文内容回答第50小题．

A．If you are outside，get to an open area as fast as you can．

B．Staying calm is not easy，but it can save your life．

C．If you are inside when the earthquake starts，get under a table or a bed．

D．When the earthquake is over，there is still plenty on danger．

50．What is the passage mainly about？

A．The ways to protect yourlf when an earthquake happens．

B．The ways to stay away from tall buildings．

C．The ways to stay calm．

D．The ways to move outdoors to an open area．

5．（2021•吉林三模）Dear daughter，

You are a wonderful person and your mother and I love will not be long before

you leave home to make your way in the I plea give you some friendly advice？

Here are some things that you should never do.

（1）

You are great and able to achieve great things so believe in things go

badly，never stop girls get upt and lo confidence（自信）.And then all kinds

of problems can follow.

（2）

We think you look be happy with the person you are and the body you

well，take exerci and be girls become upt becau they try to lo

weight or get the perfect look fine.

（3）

Never spend money more than your income（收入） and save a little every

't borrow other's money if possible.

（4）

We are very proud of what you have succeeded so should be proud，

doing trying your hardest at everything you one can ask for more

than that.

（5）

Whatever happens in life，your family will still be your er difficulties

you have，you can always talk to us and we will try to are here for you.

（a）根据短文内容从方框中选出相匹配的选项。

Get Upt With Your Looks.

Forget That Your Parents Love You.

Look Down Upon Yourlf.

Give Less Than Your Best.

Spend Money More Than Your Income.

（b）根据短文内容，补全下面的语段，每空一词。

A father gives his friendly advice to his are great and able to make

your dreams （1） （2） with the person you are and the body you

spend more money than your income and save a（3） every month!

Try your （4） at everything you

matter （5） happens in life，your family will still be your family.

6．（2021•船营区模拟）Are you shy？ If you are， you are not alone. In fact， clo to 50

percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives.

Now， scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about

why people are shy.

（1） Is it possible to be born shy？ Many scientists say yes. They say

15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. The babies are a little quieter and more watchful（警

觉的） than other babies. Interestingly， the shy babies usually have shy parents.

（2） Scientists at Harvard University found that more than 50 percent of

the shy people had brothers and sisters. It might becau they got less attention from their

parents.

（3） When scientists studied shyness in different countries. They found

surprising differences. In Japan， most people said they were shy. But in Israel， only one of

three people said so. It might becau Japane and Israelis have different opinions of

failure （失败）. In Japan， when people do not succeed， they blame （责

备） themlves， while Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons， such as

family， friends， or bad luck.

（4） For shy people， it can be difficult to make friends， speak in

class and find a job. You could lo things and the opportunities you would enjoy.

（5） But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying

new things and practicing conversations. Preparing things to talk about before you're in a social

situation is also a good way to reduce shyness.

（a）根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意。

A. Ways to overcome your shyness.

B. Some shyness is genetic（遗传的）.

C. The disadvantages of being shy.

D. Family size might cau people to be shy.

E. The place where you were born may make you shy.

（b）根据短文内容，补全下面的语段，每空一词。

Shyness

Shyness is very common among people. The days， scientists are becoming

interested （1） shyness. They try to find out the reason why some people are shy.

Many scientists believe that shyness is genetic becau they find some babies

are （2） to be shy. Moreover， scientists at Harvard University find that family

（3） can cau a person to be shy， for （4） fifty percent shy people

have brothers and sisters. When scientists study shyness in different places， it turns out that

the place where a person is born may make a person shy.

Being shy has many disadvantages. You may lo the things you like and

opportunities. But don't worry. Scientists also suggest some ways to（5） shyness.

7．（2021•长沙模拟）In 2020， the 109，000 residential （住宅的） fires in China caud

more than 500 injuries and 900 deaths. You can prevent fire﹣related deaths and

injuries， and even most residential fires by knowing about fire safety. （1）

Fire safety escape plan

A fire safety escape plan tells everyone what to do if your home catches fire. Your

family needs to design an escape plan for your home. （2）

When you discuss with your family， it is a good idea to talk about each person's

responsibilities in ca of a fire， such as who helps whom out of the hou.

Fire safety and kids

（3） Children cau thousands of residential fires each year， most of

which are caud by children playing with matches. You need to teach your children to obey

the following fire safety rules： （4）

Always have an adult's help when STOP， DROP， and

ROLL， if you or your clothes catch fire.

Fire safety and your home

Electrical fires are the most common type of residential fires in China. Electric

heaters and clothes dryers are responsible for most of residential electrical fires. If a fire

happens， shut off the electricity， put out small fires with your home fire extinguisher（灭

火器）. Do not put water on electrical fires.（5） Call 119 and report the fire.

A. Never play with matches or lighters

B. Fire safety education begins with children

C. Do not try to deal with large fires by yourlf

escape plan needs to be known by everyone in your family

t you and your family by making an escape plan and learning fire safety.

8．（2021•永定区模拟）阅读短文，从A﹣E五个句子中选择正确选项还原到文中，使短文

内容完整正确．

A couple of years ago，I went to Australia for a meeting with my friend，Chris．We decided to

drive across country to Brisbane after the meeting ended．The drive was going to take four days

and most of it was across the dert，（96） ．The first day was a lot of fun as we

were excited and laughing at each other's stupid jokes．By the third day of driving in the

emingly endless dert，we began to get bored．We had been quiet for a few hours when in

the distance Chris found some kangaroos．We were both excited and decided to get a clor

look．（97） We got clor and clor，and Chris was doing 110 kilometers per

hour．We were very clo to the kangaroos﹣too clo﹣when we heard a loud BANG!

Chris stopped the car and we got out．Behind the car was a larger kangaroo lying completely

still on the ground．（98） He took off his sunglass and put them on the kangaroo

and did the same with his jacket．Then，he put his arm around the kangaroo and told me to take

a photo of them together．（99） While I was focusing the camera，I saw the

kangaroo move．It suddenly woke up，looked at Chris，and jumped away into the distance

before we could do anything．

I started laughing but Chris looked very rious．（100） I started laughing even

harder．I stopped laughing，however，when he said that our car keys were also in the jacket!

A．I was still surprid，but I took out my camera

B．He said his wallet and passport were in the jacket．

C．In order to get there in three days，we drove very fast．

D．so we had to take food，water，and extra gas with us．

E．Chris went over to the kangaroo and put his baball cap on its head．

9．（2020•工业园区二模）Do you want to be happier？ Well， you can do something about

it． Some psychologists（心理学家）believe that 10% of your happiness is due to life

conditions and 40% is the result of your own choices． Your own choices include how you

manage your time at school， your relationships， your friends， your activities and your

health． So you have a lot of control over how happy you feel． （1） Here

are some tips on how to do that．

Surround yourlf with positive（积极的）people． Spend time with positive people

and your ideas will become active． On the other hand， good friends will

encourage， support， and lift you up when you're down． （2） That's also

true for the people that we work with．

Don't try to be perfect． Remember that nothing can ever be

perfect． （3） Instead think about what you already have． Think about what

you've already done． Think of where you are today as a step towards tomorrow． Don't try

to be perfect， just try to do things well﹣with excellence．

Focus on now． Don't think about all the things that can go wrong， like failing at

school or your friend leaving you． Thinking like this only results in worry and

stress， which is a waste of time and energy． （4） Just worry about making

today great， becau the best way to be happy is just to enjoy each day．

Compare yourlf to yourlf， not to other people． There will always be

someone smarter， or richer， or better looking or more successful than you． There will

always be someone with a bigger hou and a bigger boat than you． Someone will always

have more． Rather， look at what you have got and who you are， accept and value

that． Work toward being a better one than you were last month or last

year． （5） And you will feel a lot happier with， and about yourlf．

A． They e the best in you， and that helps you e the best in yourlf．

B． That way you will be plead with the progress that you are making．

C． The key is to take control by making choices and developing habits that make you

happier．

D． You can control how happy you are， since giving always makes you feel happier．

E． If you can't control tomorrow， don't worry about tomorrow．

F． If you aim for perfection all the time， you will never be satisfied or happy．

G． Your relationship with your parents doesn't have to be perfect before you can be happy

10．（2020•西陵区模拟）

A． many people had to change their plans for returning to Wuhan

B． the pets were left at home by their owners

C． Du relead （发布） a notice on the social media platform （社交平台）

D． he had to change his plans

E． their pets had enough food and water

Du Fan planned to go to Harbin during the Spring Festival holiday． He dreamed about going

there to enjoy the beautiful winter scenery （风景）． However， （1） ．

On January 23，the city of Wuhan was locked down（被封锁）to control the spread

of the COVID﹣19（新冠肺炎）．There was a rious problem ﹣ （2） ．

According to Du， many pet owners planned to return to Wuhan after the Spring

Festival holiday． They just prepared a week's food and water for their pets．

On January 26， （3） ． The notice said that they would offer help to

people with their pets during the pneumonia （肺炎） control．

"If we didn't help， many animals would die，" says Du．"We've received over 2，

000 messages asking for help．Becau of the pneumonia， （4） ．" Du adds that

they helped different kinds of pets， like cats， dogs and fish．

"We also nt some videos to the pet owners and they were happy to e their pets in

them． They showed their thanks after learning that（5） ，" Du says． "Not just

people are going through hard times． Animals are also in trouble． We are glad to offer

some help．"

2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题（阅读理解）：选句补全短

文（10题）

参考答案与试题解析

一．选句补全短文（共10小题）

1．（2020•成都）

Clo friends，think alike？

"What!You，too？I believed I was the only one． "Have you ever said something

like this to someone？（1） B

It ems that similarity often helps form friendship．The Greek thinker Aristotle once

said， "People regard friendship as a matter of similarity；they say that we love tho who are

like ourlves．"（2） A Scientists from University of California said friends have similar

behaviors，Scientific American reported．

The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in a test．Each student

watched the same t of videos，which included a comedy，a discussion and a soccer

match． （3） F According to their scans，friends who watched the same video reacted in

similar ways．Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos，especially parts that

are connected with motivation（动机），learning and memory．（4） E

"Seeing one's friends have similar behaviors will reinforce（强化）one's own values，

opinions，and interests， "lead scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider．（5）

D Scientists from the University of Leipzig，Germany，found that friendship is also bad

on how physically clo you are to someone．The scientists did a test with first﹣year college

students the first time they met in class．In this test，students who sat in neighboring ats were

more likely to become friends．

A．Now，there is some science behind this idea．

B．If so，you may have ended up becoming friends with this person．

C．Friends share a lot of similarities，though there are some differences．

D．But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship．

E．However，people who weren't friends had different reactions to the same videos．

F．At the same time，scientists scanned their brains and recorded their brain activity．

【考点】选句补全短文．

【分析】短文讲了人们认为相似性有助于友谊的形成，详细地介绍了人们做的一些试验

和得出的结论．

【解答】细节推理题．

（1）B．根据前句"What!You，too？I believed I was the only one． "Have you ever said

something like this to someone？"可知说的是和朋友说的话，结合选项，应说如果是这样

的话，你可能最终和这个人成为了朋友．故选B．

（2）A．根据后句"Scientists from University of California said friends have similar behaviors，

Scientific American reported．"可知说的是科学依据，结合选项，应说现在，这个想法背

后有一些科学依据．故选A．

（3）F．根据后句"According to their scans，friends who watched the same video reacted in

similar ways．Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos，especially parts that

are connected with motivation（动机），learning and memory．"可知说的是扫描大脑，结

合选项，应说与此同时，科学家扫描了他们的大脑并记录了他们的大脑活动．故选F．

（4）E．根据前句" Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos，especially

parts that are connected with motivation（动机），learning and memory．"可知说的是大脑

的反应，结合选项，应说然而，那些不是朋友的人对同样的视频有不同的反应．故选E．

（5）D．根据后句"Scientists from the University of Leipzig，Germany，found that friendship

is also bad on how physically clo you are to someone．The scientists did a test with first﹣

year college students the first time they met in class．"可知说的是其它因素，结合选项，应

说但是大脑的相似性并不是导致友谊的唯一因素．故选D．

【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正

确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案．

2．（2021•济南模拟）Some believe that people are either smart or dumb． And if they are

smart， everything is easy for them． （1） D But they can improve the skills they have

and develop new ones． What's your opinion？

In fact， this is related to one's mindt （思维模式）． Dr． Carol Dweck， a

psychology （心理学）professor at Stanford University， has discovered that people with a

fixed mindt solve problems in

a much different way from tho with a growth mindt．

Dr． Dweck found people with a fixed mindt care about grades． When they

make mistakes，

they think it means they're not smart． （2） C They're afraid of challenges，

becau if they don't do well， they may look dumb． People with a growth mindt， on

the other

hand， care about learning， not grades． They learn from mistakes by trying different

ways to solve

problems or asking for help．

（3）． G They discovered that students with a growth mindt do better in

math； tho with a fixed mindt do wor． Why？ Kids with both mindts do well in

primary

school， but middle school math is much harder． So while the growth﹣mindt kids

embrace （拥抱）

the challenge and work harder， the fixed﹣mindt kids may just give up．（4） B

But Dweck's team discovered something even more important than that． They

found that， with

some work， kids can choo to have a growth mindt and do better in school． Everyone

has some

of each type of mindt． （5） F When you hear your fixed mindt voice

telling you that you're dumb， or that you'll look stupid if you ask for help， or that learning

a new

skill is hard， talk back to it! Then you really can get smarter by working hard， practicing

and

challenging yourlf!

A． Some people believe that everyone in the world is smart．

B． As a result， their grades drop．

C． They also care about how smart they look．

D． Some hold the belief that not everyone can become a genius（天才）．

E． Dweck's team found fixed﹣mindt kids can't do well in primary school．

F． They are just like two kinds of voices in your head．

G． Dweck and her team did a rearch among middle school students．

【考点】选句补全短文．

【分析】短文讲了有些人认为人要么聪明，要么愚蠢，短文做了一个调查，并告诉我们

如何调整好心态．

【解答】1．D 细节推理题．根据前句Some believe that people are either smart or

dumb． And if they are smart， everything is easy for them．有些人认为人要么聪明，要

么愚蠢．如果他们聪明，一切都很容易．和后句But they can improve the skills they have and

develop new ones．但他们可以提高现有的技能，开发新的技能．可知结合选项，应说有

些人认为不是每个人都能成为天才．故选D．

2．C 细节推理题．根据前句When they make mistakes，they think it means they're not

smart．当他们犯错误时，他们认为这意味着他们不聪明．和后句They're afraid of

challenges，becau if they don't do well， they may look dumb．他们害怕挑战，因为如

果他们做得不好，他们可能看起来很傻．可知结合选项，应说他们也关心自己看上去有

多聪明．故选C．

3．G 细节推理题．根据后句They discovered that students with a growth mindt do better in

math； tho with a fixed mindt do wor．他们发现，成长型思维的学生在数学上做得

更好；固定心态的学生更差．可知结合选项，应说Dweck和她的团队对中学生进行了研

究．故选G．

4．B 细节推理题．根据前句So while the growth﹣mindt kids embrace （拥抱）the challenge

and work harder， the fixed﹣mindt kids may just give up．因此，当有成长意识的孩子

接受挑战并更加努力地工作时，有固定思维的孩子可能会放弃．可知结合选项，应说结

果，他们的成绩下降了．故选B．

5．F 细节推理题．根据后句When you hear your fixed mindt voice telling you that you're

dumb， or that you'll look stupid if you ask for help， or that learning a new skill is

hard， talk back to it!当你听到你固定的心态告诉你你很笨，或者如果你请求帮助你会看

起来很愚蠢，或者学习一种新的技能是困难的，请回过头来．可知结合选项，应说它们

就像你脑海里的两种声音．故选F．

【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正

确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．

3．（2018•枣阳市模拟）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选

项中有一项为多余选项．

Nowadays， the food that you buy comes from many different countries． Have a

look in your fridge， cupboard， and fruit bowl and check the origins （来源） of the

food． Perhaps there are apples from California， lamb from New Zealand， or potatoes

from Egypt？（1） B This journey， from "field to plate"， is called "food miles"． （2）

F Nowadays， food often travels thousands of miles to get to the consumer （消费

者）． Why is this， and what are the effects of the long distances？

Traditionally， farmers sold their food in the local market， so the food didn't have

to travel very far． The consumers also did not travel very far becau they went to their local

market to buy the food． This was a good system for farmers and consumers．（3） A For

example， consumers could only buy food that farmers produced locally． In

addition， they could only get food that was in ason． Now， becau of modern

technology， food comes from all over the world．（4） E They are available in winter

if we want．

（5） C This is becau they have difficult climates（气候）． The United Arab

Emirates（UAE），for example， gets 85% of its food from other countries． Even food made

in the UAE often us imported materials．

A．However， there were some disadvantages．

B．You will probably be surprid how far food travels to get to your plate．

C．Some countries have to import （进口） most of their food．

D．What's wrong with "food miles"？

E．We do not have to wait for spring or summer to buy strawberries or tomatoes．

F．A food mile is the distance that food travels from the farmer's field to the person who buys

the food．

【考点】选句补全短文．

【分析】短文讲了现在你可以买到来自许多不同的国家的食物，详细介绍了为什么食物

会运输很远等．

【解答】1．B 细节推理题．根据后句This journey， from "field to plate"， is called "food

miles"．这段旅程，从"field to plate"，被称为"食物里程"． 可知结合选项，应说你可能

会惊讶于食物到达你的盘子的距离．故选B．

2．F 细节推理题．根据后句Nowadays， food often travels thousands of miles to get to the

consumer （消费者）．现在，食物通常要经过数千英里才能到达消费者．可知结合选项，

应说食物一英里是食物从农民的田地到购买食物的人的距离．故选F．

3．A 细节推理题．根据后句For example， consumers could only buy food that farmers

produced locally． In addition， they could only get food that was in

ason． Now， becau of modern technology， food comes from all over the world例

如，消费者只能购买当地农民生产的食品．此外，他们只能得到当季的食物．现在，由

于现代科技，食物来自世界各地．可知结合选项，应说然而，也有一些缺点．故选A．

4．E 细节推理题．根据后句They are available in winter if we want．如果我们愿意，它们

可以在冬天使用．可知结合选项，应说我们不需要等到春天或夏天去买草莓或西红柿．故

选E．

5．C 细节推理题．根据后句This is becau they have difficult climates（气候）． The United

Arab Emirates（UAE），for example， gets 85% of its food from other countries．这是因

为他们的气候很恶劣．例如，阿拉伯联合酋长国（UAE）从其他国家获得了85%的食物．可

知结合选项，应说一些国家必须进口大部分粮食．故选C．

【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正

确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．

4．（2021•兰州模拟）Earthquakes usually come without warning．What should you do if this

happens to you？An earthquake is dangerous，but there are still things you can do to protect

yourlf．

Stay calm as the earth begins to shake．Your chances of survival（幸存；存活）in an earthquake

go up if you can keep calm．）46） B

（47） C You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling

objects．Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen．The I

kitchen is dangerous becau of many glass objects．

（48） A Stay away from buildings and trees．If you are in a car，pull over to a place where

there are no trees or tall buildings and stay in the car．If you are clo to the a，try to get as far

away from the water as possible．Earthquakes can cau huge waves that can really harm the

people nearby．

（49） D For example，gas fire often comes with an earthquake．If you e a fire，quickly

move outdoors to an open area．

Remember to always hope for the best but prepare I for the worst．

阅读以上短文，从文后方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使文意通顺、正确；根据

短文内容回答第50小题．

A．If you are outside，get to an open area as fast as you can．

B．Staying calm is not easy，but it can save your life．

C．If you are inside when the earthquake starts，get under a table or a bed．

D．When the earthquake is over，there is still plenty on danger．

50．What is the passage mainly about？ A

A．The ways to protect yourlf when an earthquake happens．

B．The ways to stay away from tall buildings．

C．The ways to stay calm．

D．The ways to move outdoors to an open area．

【考点】选句补全短文．

【分析】本文主要讲了一些当遇到地震时保护自己的一些方法：保持冷静；如果在室内，

躲藏在桌子下，远离厨房；如果在室外，远离建筑物树木和海边等等．

【解答】46．B．理解选句题．抓住前面一句"Your chances of survival（幸存；存活）in an

earthquake go up if you can keep calm．如果你能够冷静下来，你在地震中的存活的机会将

会大大增加．"中的关键词"keep clam保持冷静"，结合选项B中的"Staying calm is not easy，

but it can save your life．保持冷静是不容易的，但是它可以挽救你的生命．"可知两者是

对应的．故选B．

47．C．理解选句题．根据本段中的"Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the

kitchen．不要站在靠近墙和窗户的地方，而且要待在厨房外面"可以推断出是在室内，结

合C项中的"If you are inside 如果你在室内"可知两者是对应的．故选C．

48．A．理解选句题．根据本段中的"buildings and trees建筑物和树"、"in a car在车里"、

"clo to the a靠近海边"等可以推断出是在室外，结合A项中的"If you are outside如果

你在外面"可知两者是对应的．故选A．

49．D．理解选句题．本段的"gas fire often comes with an earthquake．煤气引起的大火经

常会伴随地震而来"与D项中的"there is still plenty on danger仍然存在大量的危险"是相对

应的，此外也可以运用排除法作答本题．故选D．

50．A．主旨概括题．根据第一段"but there are still things you can do to protect yourlf但

是你仍然可以做一些事情来保护自己"可知本文主要讲当地震来临时保护自己的一些方

法．故选A．

【点评】本篇阅读属于任务型阅读，在选择句子时要联系上下文，总结对应段落的大意，

抓住关键词，然后与所给选项对应起来．

5．（2021•吉林三模）Dear daughter，

You are a wonderful person and your mother and I love will not be long before

you leave home to make your way in the I plea give you some friendly advice？

Here are some things that you should never do.

（1） C

You are great and able to achieve great things so believe in things go

badly，never stop girls get upt and lo confidence（自信）.And then all kinds

of problems can follow.

（2） A

We think you look be happy with the person you are and the body you

well，take exerci and be girls become upt becau they try to lo

weight or get the perfect look fine.

（3） E

Never spend money more than your income（收入） and save a little every

't borrow other's money if possible.

（4） D

We are very proud of what you have succeeded so should be proud，

doing trying your hardest at everything you one can ask for more

than that.

（5） B

Whatever happens in life，your family will still be your er difficulties

you have，you can always talk to us and we will try to are here for you.

（a）根据短文内容从方框中选出相匹配的选项。

Get Upt With Your Looks.

Forget That Your Parents Love You.

Look Down Upon Yourlf.

Give Less Than Your Best.

Spend Money More Than Your Income.

（b）根据短文内容，补全下面的语段，每空一词。

A father gives his friendly advice to his are great and able to make

your dreams （1） come （2） happy with the person you are and the body you

spend more money than your income and save a（3） little every month!

Try your （4） hardest at everything you matter （5） what happens

in life，your family will still be your family.

【考点】选句补全短文．

【分析】这是一封父亲写给自己女儿的信，在信中父亲主要对自己的女儿提出了几点忠

告，告诉了自己的女儿不要做某些事情。

【解答】细节推理题。

（1）C.根据后句"You are great and able to achieve great things so believe in yourlf.你是伟

大的，能够取得伟大的成就，所以要相信自己。"可知说的是相信自己，结合选项，应说

永远不要小看自己。故选C。

（2）A.根据后句"We think you look be happy with the person you are and the

body you have.我们认为你看起来很棒。你就是你，不要为自己的外貌烦恼。"可知说的是

外貌，结合选项，应说永远不要为你的长相而烦恼。故选A。

（3）E.根据后句"Never spend money more than your income（收入） and save a little every

month.不要把钱花得比你的收入还多，每月存一点钱。"可知说的是花钱，结合选项，应

说不要花的钱超过你的收入。故选E。

（4）D.根据后句"Keep trying your hardest at everything you do.继续努力做你所做的每件

事。"可知说的是努力做，结合选项，应说不要做得不够好。故选D。

（5）B.根据后句"Whatever happens in life，your family will still be your family.无论生活中

发生什么，你的家人仍然是你的家人。"可知说的是家人的爱，结合选项，应说永远不要

忘记你的父母爱你。故选B。

细节理解题。

（1）come.根据"You are great and able to achieve great things so believe in yourlf.你是伟大

的，能够取得伟大的成就，所以要相信自己。"可知你很伟大，有能力实现你的梦想。come

true实现，故答案为come.

（2）happy.根据"Plea be happy with the person you are and the body you have.请对你自己

和你的身体感到高兴。"可知为你自己，为你的身体感到快乐。故答案为happy.

（3）little.根据"Never spend money more than your income（收入） and save a little every

month.不要把钱花得比你的收入还多，每月存一点钱。"可知永远不要花的比你的收入多，

每个月存一点。a little一点。故答案为little.

（4）hardest .根据"Keep trying your hardest at everything you do.继续努力做你所做的每件

事。"可知做任何事都要尽最大努力。故答案为hardest.

（5）what.根据"Whatever happens in life，your family will still be your family.无论生活中

发生什么，你的家人仍然是你的家人。"可知生活中无论发生了什么，家人始终是你的家

人。Whatever＝No matter what，无论怎样，故答案为what.

【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正

确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。

6．（2021•船营区模拟）Are you shy？ If you are， you are not alone. In fact， clo to 50

percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives.

Now， scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about

why people are shy.

（1） B Is it possible to be born shy？ Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20

percent of babies behave shyly. The babies are a little quieter and more watchful（警觉

的） than other babies. Interestingly， the shy babies usually have shy parents.

（2） D Scientists at Harvard University found that more than 50 percent of the

shy people had brothers and sisters. It might becau they got less attention from their parents.

（3） E When scientists studied shyness in different countries. They found

surprising differences. In Japan， most people said they were shy. But in Israel， only one of

three people said so. It might becau Japane and Israelis have different opinions of

failure （失败）. In Japan， when people do not succeed， they blame （责

备） themlves， while Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons， such as

family， friends， or bad luck.

（4） C For shy people， it can be difficult to make friends， speak in class and

find a job. You could lo things and the opportunities you would enjoy.

（5） A But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new

things and practicing conversations. Preparing things to talk about before you're in a social

situation is also a good way to reduce shyness.

（a）根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意。

A. Ways to overcome your shyness.

B. Some shyness is genetic（遗传的）.

C. The disadvantages of being shy.

D. Family size might cau people to be shy.

E. The place where you were born may make you shy.

（b）根据短文内容，补全下面的语段，每空一词。

Shyness

Shyness is very common among people. The days， scientists are becoming

interested （1） in shyness. They try to find out the reason why some people are shy.

Many scientists believe that shyness is genetic becau they find some babies are （2）

born to be shy. Moreover， scientists at Harvard University find that family（3） size can

cau a person to be shy， for （4） over fifty percent shy people have brothers and sisters.

When scientists study shyness in different places， it turns out that the place where a person is

born may make a person shy.

Being shy has many disadvantages. You may lo the things you like and

opportunities. But don't worry. Scientists also suggest some ways to（5） overcome shyness.

【考点】选句补全短文；阅读填空．

【分析】短文讲了科学家们对羞怯的研究，详细地介绍了对害羞研究的结果。

【解答】细节推理题。

（1）B.根据后句" Interestingly， the shy babies usually have shy parents.有趣的是，这

些害羞的婴儿通常有害羞的父母。"可知说的是遗传，结合选项，应说有些害羞是遗传的。

故选B。

（2）D.根据后句"Scientists at Harvard University found that more than 50 percent of the shy

people had brothers and sisters. 哈佛大学的科学家发现，超过50%的害羞的人有兄弟姐妹。

"可知说的是家庭情况，结合选项，应说家庭规模可能会导致人们害羞。故选D。

（3）E.根据后句"When scientists studied shyness in different countries. They found surprising

differences. In Japan， most people said they were shy. 当科学家们研究不同国家的羞怯

时。他们发现了惊人的差异。在日本，大多数人说他们很害羞。"可知说的是地点环境的

影响，结合选项，应说你出生的地方可能会使你变得害羞。故选E。

（4）C.根据后句" For shy people， it can be difficult to make friends， speak in class and

find a job. You could lo things and the opportunities you would enjoy.对害羞的人来说，交

朋友、上课讲话和找工作都很困难。你可能会失去你会享受的东西和机会。"可知说的是

缺点，结合选项，应说害羞的缺点。故选C。

（5）A.根据后句"But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new

things and practicing conversations.但是科学家说你可以克服害羞。他们建议尝试新事物和

练习对话。"可知说的是方法，结合选项，应说克服羞怯的方法。故选A。

细节理解题。

（1）in.根据" Now， scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting

ideas about why people are shy.现在，科学家们正试图理解羞怯。他们对人们为什么害羞

有一些有趣的想法。"可知这些天，科学家们开始对害羞感兴趣。be interested in对……

感兴趣，故答案为in.

（2）born.根据"Is it possible to be born shy？ Many scientists say yes. 生下来害羞有可能

吗？许多科学家说是的。"可知许多科学家认为害羞是遗传的，因为他们发现有些婴儿生

来就害羞。be born+ to do， 表示"生而为…；生来就是。"故答案为born.

（3）size.根据"Family size might cau people to be shy.家庭规模可能会导致人们害羞。"

可知此外，哈佛大学的科学家发现，家庭规模可能会导致一个人害羞。故答案为size.

（4）over .根据"Scientists at Harvard University found that more than 50 percent of the shy

people had brothers and sisters.哈佛大学的科学家发现，超过50%的害羞的人都有兄弟姐

妹。 "可知因为超过50%的害羞的人都有兄弟姐妹。故答案为over.

（5）overcome.根据" They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. Preparing

things to talk about before you're in a social situation is also a good way to reduce shyness.他

们建议尝试新事物和练习对话。在社交场合前准备好要谈论的事情也是减少害羞的好方

法。"可知科学家还提出了一些克服害羞的方法。故答案为overcome.

【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正

确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。

7．（2021•长沙模拟）In 2020， the 109，000 residential （住宅的） fires in China caud

more than 500 injuries and 900 deaths. You can prevent fire﹣related deaths and

injuries， and even most residential fires by knowing about fire safety. （1） E

Fire safety escape plan

A fire safety escape plan tells everyone what to do if your home catches fire. Your

family needs to design an escape plan for your home. （2） D

When you discuss with your family， it is a good idea to talk about each person's

responsibilities in ca of a fire， such as who helps whom out of the hou.

Fire safety and kids

（3） B Children cau thousands of residential fires each year， most of which

are caud by children playing with matches. You need to teach your children to obey the

following fire safety rules： （4） A

Always have an adult's help when STOP， DROP， and

ROLL， if you or your clothes catch fire.

Fire safety and your home

Electrical fires are the most common type of residential fires in China. Electric

heaters and clothes dryers are responsible for most of residential electrical fires. If a fire

happens， shut off the electricity， put out small fires with your home fire extinguisher（灭

火器）. Do not put water on electrical fires.（5） C Call 119 and report the fire.

A. Never play with matches or lighters

B. Fire safety education begins with children

C. Do not try to deal with large fires by yourlf

escape plan needs to be known by everyone in your family

t you and your family by making an escape plan and learning fire safety.

【考点】选句补全短文．

【分析】本文讲述你可以通过了解消防安全来防止火灾造成的伤亡，并且告诉我们一些

建议。

【解答】（1）E 推理判断题。根据上文：You can prevent fire﹣related deaths and

injuries， and even most residential fires by knowing about fire safety. 你可

以通过了解消防安全来防止火灾造成的伤亡，甚至大多数住宅火灾。以及下文的一些计

划措施，可知G选项： 通过制定逃生计划和学习消防安全来保护你和你的家人。意思相

符，故选E.

（2）D 语境判断题。根据上文：A fire safety escape plan tells everyone what

to do if your home catches fire.消防安全逃生计划告诉每个人，如果你的家着火

了该怎么办。可知F选项：逃跑计划要让你家里的每个人都知道。意思相符，故选D.

（3）B 推理判断题。根据本段的主题句：Fire safety and kids消防安全和儿童，可

知本段是或和儿童的故选，所以C选项：消防安全教育从儿童开始。意思相符没关系B.

（4）A 联系上文题。根据上文：You need to teach your children to obey the

following fire safety rules：您需要教导您的孩子遵守以下消防安全规则：可知B选

项：不要玩火柴或打火机。意思相符，故选A.

（5）C 联系下文题。根据下文：Call 911 and report the fire.打911报警。可知D选

项：不要试图独自处理大火。意思相符，故选C.

【点评】做题时要把具体的语境与选项内容相结合，找出填在空缺处的最佳选项，题目

中有多余选项，做完题后要带入答案验证并检查被排除的选项是否确实与空缺处不相符。

8．（2021•永定区模拟）阅读短文，从A﹣E五个句子中选择正确选项还原到文中，使短文

内容完整正确．

A couple of years ago，I went to Australia for a meeting with my friend，Chris．We decided to

drive across country to Brisbane after the meeting ended．The drive was going to take four days

and most of it was across the dert，（96） D ．The first day was a lot of fun as we were

excited and laughing at each other's stupid jokes．By the third day of driving in the emingly

endless dert，we began to get bored．We had been quiet for a few hours when in the distance

Chris found some kangaroos．We were both excited and decided to get a clor look．（97）

C We got clor and clor，and Chris was doing 110 kilometers per hour．We were very

clo to the kangaroos﹣too clo﹣when we heard a loud BANG!

Chris stopped the car and we got out．Behind the car was a larger kangaroo lying completely

still on the ground．（98） E He took off his sunglass and put them on the kangaroo and

did the same with his jacket．Then，he put his arm around the kangaroo and told me to take a

photo of them together．（99） A While I was focusing the camera，I saw the kangaroo

move．It suddenly woke up，looked at Chris，and jumped away into the distance before we

could do anything．

I started laughing but Chris looked very rious．（100） B I started laughing even harder．I

stopped laughing，however，when he said that our car keys were also in the jacket!

A．I was still surprid，but I took out my camera

B．He said his wallet and passport were in the jacket．

C．In order to get there in three days，we drove very fast．

D．so we had to take food，water，and extra gas with us．

E．Chris went over to the kangaroo and put his baball cap on its head．

【考点】选句补全短文．

【分析】文章大意：这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者与他的朋友去澳大利亚开会结束

后，去布里斯班拜访他们的另外一个朋友，途中遇见一群袋鼠，在不断靠近的过程中，

将一只袋鼠撞倒，随后把夹克棒球帽眼镜给松鼠穿戴上，但当松鼠醒来离开后，将他们

放在夹克中的护照，车钥匙一同带走了．

【解答】96．答案：D．阅读选句题．根据上句The drive was going to take four days and most

of it was across the dert，开车需要四天，大部分是在沙漠．可知，下句应该是"所以我们

不得不带食物、水和额外的油"，选D．

97．答案：C．阅读选句题．根据上句We were both excited and decided to get a clor look．我

们俩都感到激动和决定去看看．及下句We got clor and clor，and Chris was doing 110

kilometers per hour我们越来越近了，克里斯正在以每小时110公里的速度行驶．可知中

间应该是"为了在三天内到达那里，我们把车开得很快．"，选C．

98．答案：E．阅读选句题．根据上句Behind the car was a larger kangaroo lying completely

still on the ground在汽车的后面是一个大袋鼠躺在地上一动不动．及下句He took off his

sunglass and put them on the kangaroo and did the same with his jacket他摘下太阳镜给袋

鼠戴上并用把夹克给袋鼠穿上．可知，中间应该是"克里斯走到袋鼠身边，把棒球帽戴在

它的头上．"．选E．

99．答案：A．阅读选句题．根据上句Then，he put his arm around the kangaroo and told me

to take a photo of them together后，他用胳膊搂着袋鼠，叫我一起给他们拍张照．可知，

下句应该是"我还是很惊讶，但我拿出我的相机"，选A．

100．答案：B．阅读选句题．根据上句I started laughing but Chris looked very rious我开

始笑，但克里斯看起来很严肃．可知，袋鼠穿着他的夹克跑了，下句应该是"他说他的钱

包和护照在夹克里．"，选B．

【点评】阅读选句，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整

体理解．结合语境，根据所给句子，完成答案．

9．（2020•工业园区二模）Do you want to be happier？ Well， you can do something about

it． Some psychologists（心理学家）believe that 10% of your happiness is due to life

conditions and 40% is the result of your own choices． Your own choices include how you

manage your time at school， your relationships， your friends， your activities and your

health． So you have a lot of control over how happy you feel． （1） C Here are some

tips on how to do that．

Surround yourlf with positive（积极的）people． Spend time with positive people

and your ideas will become active． On the other hand， good friends will

encourage， support， and lift you up when you're down． （2） A That's also true

for the people that we work with．

Don't try to be perfect． Remember that nothing can ever be perfect． （3）

F Instead think about what you already have． Think about what you've already

done． Think of where you are today as a step towards tomorrow． Don't try to be

perfect， just try to do things well﹣with excellence．

Focus on now． Don't think about all the things that can go wrong， like failing at

school or your friend leaving you． Thinking like this only results in worry and

stress， which is a waste of time and energy． （4） E Just worry about making today

great， becau the best way to be happy is just to enjoy each day．

Compare yourlf to yourlf， not to other people． There will always be

someone smarter， or richer， or better looking or more successful than you． There will

always be someone with a bigger hou and a bigger boat than you． Someone will always

have more． Rather， look at what you have got and who you are， accept and value

that． Work toward being a better one than you were last month or last year． （5）

B And you will feel a lot happier with， and about yourlf．

A． They e the best in you， and that helps you e the best in yourlf．

B． That way you will be plead with the progress that you are making．

C． The key is to take control by making choices and developing habits that make you

happier．

D． You can control how happy you are， since giving always makes you feel happier．

E． If you can't control tomorrow， don't worry about tomorrow．

F． If you aim for perfection all the time， you will never be satisfied or happy．

G． Your relationship with your parents doesn't have to be perfect before you can be happy

【考点】选句补全短文．

【分析】短文讲了一个人感到快乐的原因，及其如何控制自己的感受，短文给出了一些

好的建议帮助你．

【解答】（1）C细节推理题．根据前句Your own choices include how you manage your time

at school， your relationships， your friends， your activities and your health． So you

have a lot of control over how happy you feel你自己的选择包括你如何管理你在学校的时

间，你的人际关系，你的朋友，你的活动和你的健康．所以你可以控制自己的快乐程度．可

知结合选项，应说关键是通过做出选择和养成习惯来控制自己，使你更快乐．故选C．

（2）A细节推理题．根据前句 On the other hand， good friends will

encourage， support， and lift you up when you're down．另一方面，好朋友会鼓励你，

支持你，在你失意的时候让你振作起来．可知结合选项，应说他们能看到你身上最好的

一面，这能帮助你看到最好的自己．故选A．

（3）F细节推理题．根据前句Don't try to be perfect． Remember that nothing can ever be

perfect．不要试图完美．记住，没有什么是完美的．可知结合选项，应说如果你一直追

求完美，你永远不会满足或快乐．故选F．

（4）E细节推理题．根据前句Focus on now． Don't think about all the things that can go

wrong， like failing at school or your friend leaving you．专注于现在．不要去想那些可能

出错的事情，比如在学校失败或者朋友离开你．和后句Just worry about making today

great， becau the best way to be happy is just to enjoy each day．可知结合选项，应说如

果你不能控制明天，就不要担心明天．故选E．

（5）B细节推理题．根据前句Work toward being a better one than you were last month or last

year．努力成为一个比你上个月或去年更好的人． 和后句And you will feel a lot happier

with， and about yourlf．你会对自己和自己感到更快乐．可知结合选项，应说这样你

就会对你所取得的进步感到满意．故选B．

【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正

确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．

10．（2020•西陵区模拟）

A． many people had to change their plans for returning to Wuhan

B． the pets were left at home by their owners

C． Du relead （发布） a notice on the social media platform （社交平台）

D． he had to change his plans

E． their pets had enough food and water

Du Fan planned to go to Harbin during the Spring Festival holiday． He dreamed about going

there to enjoy the beautiful winter scenery （风景）． However， （1） D ．

On January 23，the city of Wuhan was locked down（被封锁）to control the spread

of the COVID﹣19（新冠肺炎）．There was a rious problem ﹣ （2） B ．

According to Du， many pet owners planned to return to Wuhan after the Spring

Festival holiday． They just prepared a week's food and water for their pets．

On January 26， （3） C ． The notice said that they would offer help to people

with their pets during the pneumonia （肺炎） control．

"If we didn't help， many animals would die，" says Du．"We've received over 2，

000 messages asking for help．Becau of the pneumonia， （4） A ．" Du adds that they

helped different kinds of pets， like cats， dogs and fish．

"We also nt some videos to the pet owners and they were happy to e their pets in

them． They showed their thanks after learning that（5） E ，" Du says． "Not just people

are going through hard times． Animals are also in trouble． We are glad to offer some

help．"

【考点】选句补全短文．

【分析】短文讲了作者计划春节期间去哈尔滨，他梦想去那里欣赏美丽的冬日景色．详

细地介绍了2019冠状病毒病改变了他的计划，及其他是如何帮助人们的宠物的．

【解答】细节推理题．

（1）D．根据"He dreamed about going there to enjoy the beautiful winter scenery （风

景）． However，"可知However但是，表示转折，说明改变计划，结合选项，应说他