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中考动词及时态

知识点4动词及时态

知识概要

动词在语言中是必不可少的一部分。它的语法现象也较多，但在

初中范围主要有以下几方面问题。①时态：初中范围主要有一般现在

时，一般过去时，现在完成时，现在进行时，将来时与过去完成时六

种时态。②语态：主动语态与被动语态。③助动词和情态动词。④非

谓语动词，也就是不定式，动名词及现在分词、过去分词的用法。时

态主要掌握以下几种时态的应用要点和习惯用法。

1一般现在时：主要有以下三方面，①用来表示状态，特征或不

受时间限制的客观存在和真理。如：Matterexistsinthreestates物

质有三态。又如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun②表示习惯

性和经常发生的动作，如：Ioftengotobedat9∶３０③在时间、

条件等状语从句中表示将来要发生的动作，如：AssoonasIget

thereI'lltelephoneyou.

2一般过去时：①主要用于表达过去时间内发生的动作或存在的

状态，如：Iwasilllastweek②过去经常发生的动作或习惯性动

作，如：Iudtogetupatsix.

3一般将来时：用于表示将要发生的动作，其构成方式①用ｗill

(shall)+动词原形来表达将来在某一时间内要发生，或经常、将要发生

的动作或状态，如：SchoolwillbeginonSepember1st②用be

goingto+动词原形，用来表示不久将要发生或打算去作的动作。如：

I'mgoingtoswimthisafternoon③be+现在分词，也就是

用某些动词的现在进行时表示将来，如：I'mcoming。这些动词

只限于：go,come,leave,start,move,sail,arrive,reach,getto等

表示位置移动的动词。④在状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。

4现在进行时：用于表示现在正在进行的动作，如：Whatare

youdoingnow?要注意的是表示状态，情感的某些词没有现在进行时，

这些动词有：like,have(有)，love,know,understand,remember,

forget,e,hear,smell,taste,feel,wishhope,expect…

5过去将来时：用来表达从过去某时间点上看将要发生的动作，如：

Hetoldmehewouldcometomyparty

6现在完成时与过去完成时：现在完成时的两个用处是：①用来

表达在过去开始的动作持续到现在，如：I'vestudiedEnglishfortwo

years②用来表达过去发生的事但它影响到现在，如：Ihaven't

'mhungrynow现在完成时与过去完成时

的区别在于动作的截止时间，现在完成时所表达的动作截止于现在，

而过去完成时所表达的动作截止于过去。如：Ihaven'tenmyold

teacherforalongtime我好久未见到我过去的老师了。是指到目

前截止。如果加上一句话，则将变为过去完成时，如：YesterdayI

'tenhimforalongtime.因为我好久

未见他这一情况截止于昨天。还要注意的一个问题是截止性动词可以

有完成时，但不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：WhenIgotto

school,theclasshadbegun如果一定要讲开始几分钟了则要换用

表示状态，或延续性动词，如：WhenIgottoschool,theclasshad

beenonforfiveminutes

动词的时态一共有16种，以ask为例，将其各种时态的构成形式

列表如下：

现在时过去时将来时过去将来时

一般

ask/asksaskedshall/willaskshould/wouldask

进行

am/is/are

asking

was/were

asking

shall/willbe

asking

should/wouldbe

asking

完成

have/hasaskedhadaskedshall/willhave

asked

should/wouldhave

asked

完成进

行

have/hasbeen

asking

hadbeen

asking

shall/willhave

beenasking

should/wouldhave

beenasking

一、考点分析

考点一：时态在状语从句中的考察。（主要是时态的搭配使用）

A、“主将从现”原则

[例]---I’llplanavisittoHongKongifit____tomorrow.

---Really?IthinkI________withyou.

’train,’train,go

’train,’train,willgo

B、一般过去时与三种时态的搭配使用：

一般过去时与过去完成时，一般过去时与过去进行时，一般过去

时与过去将来时

[例]Hewassurethathehiswalletintheoffice.

t

[例]Whenshe_____atthedoor,mymother_____some

washing.

d…cking…did

d……isdoing

考点二：语境中时态的对比使用（主要是时态的区分）

A、一般过去时与现在完成时的区别

[例]----______youever________Tombefore?

----No,I_____himjusttwominutesago.

,know;,known;havemet

,known;,know;hadmet

B、一般现在时与现在进行时的区别

[例]_____shortstories,buthe____aTVplaythe

days.

ing…ing…writes

……writes

C、一般过去时与过去进行时的区别

[例]—Howdidtheaccidenthappen?

—Youknow,itdifficulttoetheroadclearlybecau

it.

……hadrained

……rained

考点三：延续性动词在时态中与时间状语的搭配使用（主要是在

完成时中的使用）

A、在特殊疑问句中的考查

[例]--Howlong______you__________England,Sue?

--Sincetwoyearsago.

,,,beeninD.

have,movedto

B、在句型中的考查

[例]It______twoyearssincehe_______theParty.

;;joined

n;n;joined

C、在一般过去时与现在完成时之间进行转换中的考查

[例]Themeetinghasbeenofffortwohours.

It_______________________since_______________.

Themeeting___________________twohoursago.

3、易错点分析

A、when引导的时间状语从句中，时态的对比使用问题

[例]WhenI_____theChildren'sPalace,thechildren_____with

joy.

d…iting,jumped

d…d,hadjumped

[例]Myfather______________inthisschoolwhenhewas12

yearsold.

d

B、主将从现中，一般将来时的表达方式问题

[例]’llbeheresoon.

C、回答中动词的重复替代问题

[例]----______you______thetext?

----Yes,we_____ittwohoursago.

,copy;,copied;havecopied

,copied;,copy;had

D、语境的限制问题

[例]---Hi!'teyouattheparty.

---Oh,I________readyforthemathxam.

t

E、时态中的“特殊”对策的原则

[例]TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25

________ChristmasDay.

F、母语理解干扰的问题

[例]---Iamsosorry,I____________yournumber,canyou

sayitagain?

---89907622

初中英语时态练习100题（九年级适用）

ellhimassoonashe_____.

_____onshoeswhenshe____them.

…………buies

loften______coldwhenshe______.

…s……dancees

s…dancee

4._____he____himlfthere?No,Idon'tthinkso.

…………enj

oy

5._____yourteacher____fromthemveryoften?Certainly.

………e

6._____yourmother_____somecleaningonSundays?

…………do

7._____Tom_____toworkhardtohelphisfamily?Yes,he___

__.

…x……x…does

…has……have…does

eacher_____lessonstoyoueveryday?

………

oesnotgofishingonweekdays,____?_____,hedo

es.

……'the…'t

he…Yes

koften_____fishingonSundays,_____he?

…doesn'…isn''tgo…'

tgo…is

lly_____TVonSundayevening.

hing

'llgotoplaywithsnowifit______

rInorhe______'tspeak

'tspeak

______

ing

ngPioneer_____waterfortheoldmaneveryda

s

e______intheriverandsomeare______games.

ng…ng…ng…I

ng…plaing

!Theboystudentsare_____footballwhilethegirls

are_____.

g…g……dancingD.p

lay…dance

_____todohislessonsateighteveryevening.

19._____he_____onwellwithhisfriendsthisterm?

…………geting

h_____shortstories,buthe____aTVplaythe

days.

ing…ing……iswrit

…writes

21.I_____tothecinema.I______thereeverySunday.

…g……g…

amgoing

,they______agoodtime,____they?

……don'ing…ing…

aren't

______aboutthefuturenow,______you?

'tthink…don''tthinking…aren''tthin

k…'tthinking…are

ays______somethingwhenevershe______.

d…d…plaiedC..studied…plaiedD.s

tudied…played

n__________meverymuch.,

………worryedD.

staied…worried

26.I______thattheboy_____withnotearsinhiyes.

d…d…d…

ced…cryed

_____thefloorand_____allthewindows.

………clea

…cleaned

_____theChildren'sPalace,thechildren_____with

joy.

d…d…d…jumped

d…jumpped

29.______asportsmeetlastSunday?Yes,they______.

yhave…yhave…y…

y…did

30.____you_____outforawalkaftersupper?Yes,I______.

…went……go……went…didD.

Did…go…did

31._____Jack_____onwithhisworkor______tohavearest?

…went……go……went…st

…go…stopped

ethematalktwodaysago,_____you?Yes,I____

__.

……'t…'t…gave

33.____yourbrother_____aletterto?Myfather.

………

id…write

_____abouttheTVnewstheninthesitting-room.T

heyoften____suchtalks

……lking…ki

ng…have

______somecookingatthattime,so_____me.

……didn'ng…heardD.w

asdoing…didn'thear

36."_____youangrythen?""They_toomuchnoi.”

………madeD.

Were…made

meyesterdayJack_____his,_____TV.

ed…didn'airing…watched

ed…airing…wasn'twatching

_____nkeptus___

___.

iting…iting……

…wait

u_____atthedoor,I_____somewashing.

d…cking…d…wasdoi

…amdoing

_____EnglishontheradiowhenI_____hisdoor.

d…rning…

d…ning…open

ey______throughtheforest,abear_____atthem.

…lking…lk

ing……iscoming

man_____herwhileshe_____herwork.

d…ching…finished

d…ching…wasfinishing

other_____somewashing,I______akiteforKac

k.

…ng…ng…wasmaki

…wasmaking

44.I_____mylfFrenchfrom7to9yesterdaymorning.I___

__towork.

ching…didn'…didn'c

hing……went

_____

46.I______ti

ing

cher_____(give)usahistorylessonwhenTomwal

kedintotheclassroom.

ing

illbeafootballmatchintwodays,thatis_______.

nda

y

______.

ing

______inhisgardeneverymorningnextyear.

ing

in______.

coming

_____soon,I'mafraid.

'train

iosaysit______thedayaftertomorrow.

54._____he_____someshoppingtomorrowafternoon?

………do

y_____it______tomorrow?Wednesday.

…………be

_______sixteenyearsoldnextyear.

57._____you____meupatsix,plea?

…………w

ake

______tocollege,he_____alotmore.

……isgoingtolearn

g……willlearn

e_____nexttime,l______hereverything.

gtocome…me…shalltell

……willtell

y____it____tomorrow?It____Tuesday.

…goingtobe……be……goingtobe…isg

…willbe

_____thatshe_____herbesttohelpthemthenextte

rm.

…………w

oulddo

_____thattheSmiths_____foraholidaynextwee

k.

…………wo

uldgo

_____usthathe_____evenstricterwithus

…………wou

ldbe

_____himthatwe_____abletohelphim.

…………wo

uldbe

_____thatthey_____surpridtoeitthisFriday.

………wouldbeD.

knew…willbe

66.I_____toknowifMary_____bytrainthatafternoon.

………wouldgo

…willgo

67._____he_____thatthey_____hometomorrow?

…learn……learn…willgo

…learn……learn…willgo

_____thatthey_____asportsmeettomorrow.

…arned…wouldhave

…arned…willhave

69.____you_____thathe_____hislostsononeday?

…think……thought…wouldfind

…think……thought…wouldfind

70.I_____thatyou_____goodcareofherthatday.

t…t……willt

…wouldtake

itors_____wherethey_____ashorttest.

………wouldtake

…cantake

____surethathe____goodatchemistrysoon.

…,……would

be

____illsoshe____abletogoskatingthenextday.

…won'…wouldn'…won'…

wouldn'tbe

_____thethieftothepolicewhenhe_____themanag

ain.

ake…ake…ke…

ke…meet

____meanewcoatyesterday,I_____

mewell.

e……e…t

…tried

76."He____todrawhorsalready.""When____he?”."La

styear."

d…d…rned…

arned…did

____,he_____highupthere!

…mbed……d…

is

78._____you_____thetextyet?Yes,we_____ittwohoursag

o.

…copy……copied……copied…

…copy…had

79."Whysheangry?""Becauhe_____athejustnow.

…get,…got……get…has

…got…hasshouted

80._____you______thefilmbefore?Where____you_____it?

…en…did……e…die…watch

…en…have……e…have…en

_____mewaitingfortwohours.I_____foryousincef

ive.

…pt……havewaitedD.

havekept…havewaited

_____John_____?_____therefor

anhour.

…been……gone……g

o……be…went

83._____thebabystill_____?No,it______crying.

…cried……crying…stopped

…cry……crying…hasstopped

84.I_____theway.I______hereforquitemanyyears.

………

ow…live

85._____youever_____America?Yes,Ihave.

………

ve…beenin

her_______collegeforoverthreeyears.

nfor

_________inthearm

ysincethen.

…ned…ned…

joined…hasbeen

imeI_____backthey____uptenmetres.

………hav

e…climbed

____overfivelessonsbyveno'____

atest.

……e…

gone…hadtaken

_____outbythattimethathe____athiefforalongti

me.

nd…nd……hadb

…was

thenew_____him,he____toknowaboutit.

s…d…d…gotD.

hadreached…got

92.I_____himacondletterbeforeI_____fromhim.

……tten…heard

itten…hear

_____inagoodharvestbecauwe______enoughrai

n.

'tget………hadba

…hadn'thad

____forfivehourswhenthey____inNewYork.

…wn……hadarrive

wn…arrived

____thatit____fortwodaysbythatday.

………hadrained

…rained

_____theresincetheyearbefore,sohe____them.

ked…ked….

d……hadknown'

_____angrybecauhe_____foralongtime.

………waitedD.

got…hadwaited

_____.w

ere

ens_____Chinaforfiveyears.

eto

_____urs?.

politetolaughatthepeoplewhoare处

于困境.

32．Thanksfor______________ofmydog.照顾

33．Themanageris__________hiswork.忙于

34．Stampsforpostingletters.用于

35．Whatdoyouthatfilm/movie?认为

36．MissLiuChine.教我们的

37．Ididnotleaveuntilhe.回来

38．Wouldyoumindtheradio?调小

39．Theirtalklastweeklastedfivehours.长

达

40．Wemustthenewterm.准备

41．Afterheleftschool,hebegantoEng

lish.自学

42．I20yuanthisdictionarylastSunday.

买

43．Thebottleiswater.装满

44．Thetoysarewood.用…..做的

45．It’ssaidthatthepowderwasudforfruitsa

ndvegetables.

46．我们希望你戒烟，这对你的健康有利。

Wehopeyoucangiveup,willbegoodf

oryourhealth.

47．这是他本星期收到的第三封信。

Thisisthethathehasreceivedthisweek.

48．Guilinisoneoftheplacesthattheyha

veevervisited.最美丽

49．Areyou_________________dogs?害怕

50．Myparentsdidn’t___________________meyesterday.

同意

51．He________swim__________.根本不会

52．WearrivedinGuangzhou________________lastSatu

rday.同时

53．Plea________histhings__________.收好

54．Youshouldndhimtothehospital

.立刻

55．_________Tim_________Jimaredoctors.都是

56．UncleWangare__________________machines.忙

于制造

57．Theyoftenhelp____________________.互相

__________________alltheorangesyesterday.吃

光

___________________theChineexamlasttime.

考得好

_________________________inGuangzhou?

玩得高兴

e_________________ourproblems?处理

is______________________apples.装满

63.I________lotsof_________intheexamyeste

rday.犯错

s________________withothers.交朋友

__________me___________tomorrowmorning.叫

醒

s________me___________lastweek.打电话

sariver_________________hishou.前面

____________________hisidea.考虑

69.他一到那儿就会打电话给我。

Hewillgivemea_________assoonashe_________there.

therhelpsme___________________.一直