动名词作定语(动名词作定语和现在分词作定语如何区分)

​现在分词和动名词的形式相同，又都可以作定语和表语。怎么辨别它们呢?

1.现在分词和动名词作定语时，主要从它们的意义、重读和位置三方面来区别。

①现在分词作定语时，表示它所修饰的名词正在进行的动作，二者在逻辑上有主谓关系，因而可扩展为定语从句，读时都要重读。

a crying baby=a baby who is crying

the boiling water=the water that is boiling

②动名词作定语时，表示它所修饰名词的用途、所属关系等，二者不存在逻辑上的主谓关系，因而不能扩展为定语从句，只能扩展为一个表示用途的介词短语，读时只重读动名词。

a bathing suit=a suit for bathing一件游泳衣

drinking water= water for drinking饮用水

③现在分词作定语时可以后置，而动名词只能放在所修饰的名词前面。

On the day following=(On the following day) He left for New York.(现在分词)

Do you have any listening materials?(动名词

2.现在分词和动名词作表语的辨别方法：

①提问法

能用how对表语提问的是现在分词；能用what提问的是动名词。

My job is interesting.(How is your job? )

My job is teaching.(What is your job?)

②位置对调法

将表语和主语位置对调，句子仍然成立，且意思通顺的为动名词；否则为现在分词。

My job is interesting.→Interesting is my job.(不成立)

My job is teaching.→Teaching is my job.(成立)

③成分添加法

表语后能带宾语和状语的是动名词；表语前面能加上副词(very，quite，so等)或more，most加以修饰的则是现在分词。

My job is more interesting than yours.(现在分词)

My job is teaching you English.(动名词)

④系动词取代法

选用别的系动词(例如:getbecome,feel,sound,look,em等)取代be，句子依然成立的是现在分词；不能用别的系动词取代，只能用be的是动名词。例如:

Seeing is believing.(动名词)

The story is interesting.→

The story sounds interesting.(现在分词)

My job ems interesting.(成立→现在分词)

My job ems teaching you English.

(不成立→动名词)

Exerci:

1.请判断下列各题是现在分词作定语还是动名词作定语?

①a smiling face一张笑脸

②the working people劳动人民

③reading materials阅读材料

④a walking stick一根手杖

⑤the developing countries发展中国家

⑥the changing world变化着的世界

2.请判断下列各题是现在分词作表语还是动名词作表语?

①The film is very moving.

②Her job was washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.

③The situation is encouraging.

④His duty is raising pigs.

⑤lt's worrying to think that there is a dangerous animal in quite countryside.

Key: 1.①现在分词 ②现在分词 ③动名词

④动名词 ⑤现在分词

2. ①分词作表语 ②动名词作表语 ③分词作表语④动名词作表语 ⑤分词作表语