oracle11g安装图解(Oracle 11g安装教程)

一、概述

数据库作为企业的核心应用节点之一，其稳定性至关重要，但是一些产品bug对oracle数据库的使用产生很大的影响，有些bug，我们通过调整参数来规避，但是一些bug需要打补丁才能解决。 作为DBA，掌握给数据库打补丁是一项必备的技能，本文分享一下在 Oracle 11g 数据库上应用 PSU 补丁的步骤。

1、从 Oracle 支持门户下载补丁。

2、验证补丁版本：

opatch 实用程序用于将补丁应用到数据库。所以在应用补丁之前，我们需要检查补丁是否支持现有的opatch版本。因此，请参阅补丁的自述文件以了解最低支持版本。

根据补丁自述文件：

1.2.1 OPatch 实用程序 您必须使用 OPatch 实用程序版本 11.2.0.3.6 或更高版本才能应用此补丁。Oracle 建议您使用适用于 11.2 的最新发布的 OPatch 版本，该版本可通过选择 11.2.0.0.0 版本从 My Oracle Support 补丁 6880880 下载。 有关 OPatch 文档的信息，包括任何已知问题，请参阅 My Oracle Support Document 293369.1 OPatch 文档列表。

所以对于这个补丁，opatch版本应该是11.2.0.3.6或者更高版本

让我们检查数据库中现有的 opatch 版本。

echo $ORACLE_HOME/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch versionOPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.4OPatch succeeded.

现有版本为 11.2.0.3.4，低于要求的版本。所以我们需要安装所需的 opatch 实用程序。

3、安装 OPATCH 实用程序

$ cp p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip $ORACLE_HOME/对现有的 OPatch 目录进行备份

cd $ORACLE_HOMEmv OPatch OPatch.bak解压缩 zip 文件。

unzip p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip检查opatch版本

$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch versionOPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.19OPatch succeeded.

现在让我们继续 PSU 补丁安装。

1、复制并解压 PATCH ZIP 文件

unzip p27734982_112040_Linux-x86-64.zipls -ltrtotal 243220drwxr-xr-x 21 oracle oinstall 4096 May 31 12:49 27734982-rw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 93035 Jul 17 13:15 PatchSearch.xml-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 140724601 Oct 8 09:17 p27734982_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip

2、再次检查 ORACLE_HOME 是否有冲突

- go to patch folder.cd 27734982[27734982]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.19Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle Corporation. All rights rerved.PREREQ ssionOracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventoryfrom : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.locOPatch version : 11.2.0.3.19OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2018-10-08_09-35-06AM_1.logInvoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" pasd.OPatch succeeded.

3、关闭数据库和侦听器

shutdown immediate;lsnrctl stop LISTENER_DMCRM

注意– 如果任何 Goldengate 进程正在 ORACLE_HOME 上运行，那么这些进程都需要关闭。

4、检查活动的可执行文件

$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables -ph ./

[27734982]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables -ph ./Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.19Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle Corporation. All rights rerved.PREREQ ssionOracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventoryfrom : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.locOPatch version : 11.2.0.3.19OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2018-10-08_09-35-58AM_1.logInvoking prereq "checkactivefilesandexecutables"Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 17478514 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 18031668 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 18522509 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 19121551 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 19769489 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 20299013 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 20760982 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 21352635 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 21948347 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 22502456 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 23054359 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 24006111 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 24732075 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 25869727 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 26609445 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 26392168 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 26925576 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 27338049 pasd.Prereq "checkActiveFilesAndExecutables" for patch 27734982 pasd.OPatch succeeded.

5、应用补丁

cd 27734982 $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/ opatch apply

[27734982]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch applyOracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.19Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle Corporation. All rights rerved.Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventoryfrom : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.locOPatch version : 11.2.0.3.19OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2018-10-08_09-36-41AM_1.logVerifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...OPatch continues with the patches: 17478514 18031668 18522509 19121551 19769489 20299013 20760982 21352635 21948347 22502456 23054359 24006111 24732075 25869727 26609445 26392168 26925576 27338049 27734982Do you want to proceed? [y|n] ----------------------->> Press YyUr Responded with: YAll checks pasd.Provide your email address to be informed of curity issues, install andinitiate Oracle Configuration Manager. Easier for you if you u your MyOracle Support Email address/Ur Name.Visit http://www.oracle.com/support/policies.html for details.Email address/Ur Name:You have not provided an email address for notification of curity issues.Do you wish to remain uninformed of curity issues ([Y]es, [N]o) [N]: Y ---- > Press YPlea shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1')Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n] -- >> Press YyUr Responded with: YBacking up files...Applying sub-patch '17478514' to OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1'Patching component oracle.rdbms, 11.2.0.4.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf, 11.2.0.4.0...Patching component oracle.sdo, 11.2.0.4.0...Patching component oracle.ctx.rsf, 11.2.0.4.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms, 11.2.0.4.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.rman, 11.2.0.4.0...OPatch found the word "error" in the stderr of the make command.Plea look at this stderr. You can re-run this make command.Stderr output:chmod: changing permissions of `/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/extjobO': Operation not permittedmake: [iextjob] Error 1 (ignored)Composite patch 27734982 successfully applied.OPatch Session completed with warnings.Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2018-10-08_09-36-41AM_1.logOPatch completed with warnings.

修补完成。可以忽略警告。

6、验证补丁是否已经更新

$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory

[27734982]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventoryOracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.19Copyright (c) 2018, Oracle Corporation. All rights rerved.Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventoryfrom : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.locOPatch version : 11.2.0.3.19OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2018-10-08_09-41-09AM_1.logLsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2018-10-08_09-41-09AM.txt--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Local Machine Information::Hostname:ARU platform id: 226ARU platform description:: Linux x86-64Installed Top-level Products (1):Oracle Databa 11g 11.2.0.4.0There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.Interim patches (1) :Patch 27734982 : applied on Mon Oct 08 09:39:20 AST 2018Unique Patch ID: 22229176Patch description: "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.180717 (27734982)"Created on 31 May 2018, 01:37:49 hrs PST8PDTSub-patch 27338049; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.180417 (27338049)"Sub-patch 26925576; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.180116 (26925576)"Sub-patch 26392168; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.171017 (26392168)"Sub-patch 26609445; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.170814 (26609445)"Sub-patch 25869727; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.170718 (25869727)"Sub-patch 24732075; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.170418 (24732075)"Sub-patch 24006111; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.161018 (24006111)"Sub-patch 23054359; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.160719 (23054359)"Sub-patch 22502456; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.160419 (22502456)"Sub-patch 21948347; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.160119 (21948347)"Sub-patch 21352635; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.8 (21352635)"Sub-patch 20760982; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.7 (20760982)"Sub-patch 20299013; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.6 (20299013)"Sub-patch 19769489; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.5 (19769489)"Sub-patch 19121551; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.4 (19121551)"Sub-patch 18522509; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.3 (18522509)"Sub-patch 18031668; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.2 (18031668)"Sub-patch 17478514; "Databa Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.1 (17478514)"Bugs fixed:21174504, 17184721, 21538558, 16091637, 18092127, 17381384, 1597996520671094, 16731148, 16314254, 13837378, 18441944, 17835048, 1355855717008068, 17201159, 25427662, 17853498, 20717359, 17246576, 1835616618681862, 18440047, 20569094, 20031873, 16875449, 20387265, 1978884217296856, 21330264, 14010183, 17648596, 17551063, 17025461, 2471973617267114, 22507210, 17912217, 17889583, 18202441, 17040764, 1747814516524926, 25655390, 19358317, 22148226, 18747196, 26544823, 1864141917036973, 18948177, 17811789, 16542886, 14285317, 18009564, 166186948322815, 16832076, 18247991, 16692232, 22507234, 17570240, 1387109224624166, 24348685, 17848897, 17441661, 14034426, 17465741, 1659689017437634, 21343897, 20506706, 21453153, 18339044, 17951233, 2232174121795111, 18430495, 21787056, 22380919, 19469538, 20506715, 1781142919721304, 17903598, 18230522, 19554106, 19458377, 21281607, 176128286599380, 22092979, 22321756, 17040527, 17811438, 18641461, 1465774013364795, 21387964, 19490948, 17346671, 17588480, 22351572, 1823539026474853, 18849970, 17889549, 19309466, 16472716, 20596234, 1833185018641451, 17344412, 21179898, 19461270, 17546761, 24842886, 1452184918203835, 18203838, 18964939, 18203837, 17313525, 22195457, 1813969016837842, 22296366, 14106803, 17842825, 21352646, 22657942, 1636011220657441, 22195441, 17389192, 26198926, 14565184, 17205719, 1844009514764829, 22195448, 14354737, 13944971, 16571443, 21868720, 1718690517080436, 18673342, 22905130, 17027426, 27374796, 19972569, 1997256820144308, 19972566, 17282229, 19972564, 16870214, 21629064, 1961513621354456, 17390431, 18762750, 23007241, 16613964, 17957017, 1809820718471685, 19730508, 21538485, 18264060, 17323222, 17754782, 1760071918317531, 17852463, 17596908, 17655634, 16228604, 27053456, 2007439119972570, 18090142, 18996843, 19854503, 16042673, 17835627, 2033434417393683, 20861693, 18000422, 17551709, 26575788, 23315889, 2050669919006849, 18277454, 18456514, 19174430, 17258090, 17174582, 2565493617242746, 16399083, 17824637, 21132297, 22465352, 17762296, 2216816317397545, 16450169, 12364061, 20067212, 18856999, 19211724, 1946389319463897, 21343775, 17853456, 18673304, 20004021, 26030218, 2166862716194160, 17477958, 16538760, 12982566, 24570598, 20828947, 1825903120296213, 18293054, 17610798, 19699191, 23065323, 17311728, 1813567818774543, 23294548, 16785708, 10136473, 24560906, 22551446, 1977786217786518, 18315328, 18334586, 12747740, 18096714, 19032867, 2164176017390160, 18899974, 17232014, 20598042, 18673325, 16422541, 1815576214015842, 19827973, 22683225, 17726838, 18554871, 23177648, 1805155620803583, 21972320, 15990359, 17922254, 18282562, 16855292, 1666858421343838, 20299015, 17446237, 18093615, 18043064, 23713236, 1769420917288409, 18308268, 20475845, 17274537, 13955826, 16934803, 1763492117501491, 16315398, 23725036, 22683212, 17006183, 13829543, 1819116417655240, 26746894, 22809871, 18384391, 19393542, 21538567, 1619814321847223, 25823754, 17892268, 20142975, 19584068, 17165204, 2516549618604493, 21756699, 18508861, 16901385, 18554763, 21532755, 1818903617443671, 17385178, 14829250, 17936109, 20925795, 20509482, 1747851427441326, 16850630, 13951456, 16595641, 14054676, 15861775, 2114283716912439, 17299889, 17297939, 23003979, 18619917, 16833527, 1779895317816865, 18607546, 17571306, 21286665, 17341326, 26910644, 1785116020558005, 17586955, 19049453, 21051840, 17587063, 16956380, 1832850925423453, 14133975, 18061914, 18522509, 21051833, 20294666, 1876560220860659, 20324049, 18199537, 17332800, 13609098, 22502493, 1838453714338435, 17945983, 16392068, 21067387, 17752995, 21051862, 1686342225505382, 17237521, 18244962, 19544839, 24433711, 24717859, 1715614818973907, 23026585, 17877323, 17449815, 18180390, 17088068, 1703713020004087, 21422580, 19466309, 11733603, 25505371, 21051858, 1808462518674024, 21051852, 18091059, 25369547, 16306373, 18306996, 1778725918193833, 19915271, 20513399, 20631274, 25879656, 16344544, 1469276218614015, 17346091, 18228645, 17721717, 18436307, 21756677, 1988885311883252, 17891943, 19475971, 22353199, 16384983, 19121551, 2782589312816846, 17982555, 17761775, 22243719, 17265217, 25505394, 1707172116721594, 18262334, 21756661, 17891946, 15913355, 17672719, 1760226917239687, 17042658, 17238511, 17811456, 17284817, 17752121, 2087988921380789, 17394950, 17011832, 16579084, 22195465, 14602788, 1832546024476265, 26569225, 24476274, 12611721, 16903536, 17006570, 1968997916043574, 18783224, 24662775, 16494615, 21526048, 17392698, 1919717516069901, 17811447, 27870645, 17308789, 22195477, 24835538, 1786567117343514, 19013183, 17325413, 18316692, 16180763, 17348614, 1436899521983325, 17393915, 16285691, 19211433, 20331945, 17883081, 1770502324316947, 17614227, 19578350, 22195485, 14084247, 13645875, 1677784019727057, 14852021, 18744139, 18674047, 17716305, 19285025, 1848250227534509, 17622427, 19289642, 22195492, 25947799, 14458214, 2086972121172913, 17767676, 18723434, 25505407, 17786278, 19258504, 1708298321351877, 17365043, 13498382, 18331812, 16065166, 25489607, 1668541718031668, 22893153, 16943711, 19272701, 21517440, 25897615, 1764926513866822, 18094246, 24528741, 17783588, 14245531, 17082359, 1828081320448824, 23330119, 16268425, 19487147, 25600421, 18018515, 1730227717215560, 24411921, 19271443, 25764020, 17016369, 20777150, 2333012416756406, 20441797, 19769489, 28100487, 17545847, 25093656, 1826055013853126, 17227277, 23536835, 25957038, 24652769, 19207117, 975627118868646, 17614134, 26667023, 17546973, 18704244, 19680952, 2666701517050888, 18828868, 18273830, 17360606, 16992075, 24563422, 1737535412905058, 18362222, 21429602, 27086138, 17571039, 17468141, 1843664717235750, 21168487, 16220077, 16929165--------------------------------------------------------------------------------OPatch succeeded.

7、启动数据库和监听器

STARTUPlsnrctl start LISTENER_DMCRM

8、运行补丁后脚本

cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/adminsqlplus / as sysdba@catbundle.sql psu applyquit

9、编译无效对象

$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

10、检查补丁情况

lect action_time,action from dba_registry_history;ACTION_TIME ACTION--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------21-APR-15 08.52.24.728992 AM APPLY08-OCT-18 09.43.41.923815 AM APPLY2 rows lected.三、小结

本文分享了非RAC数据库的打补丁的详细过程，随手一记，以备不时之需。