cmd5与md5的区别是什么?
cmd5是破解md5的网站啊。md5是计算机广泛使用的杂凑算法之一(又译摘要算法、哈希算法),主流编程语言普遍已有MD5实现。MD5的典型应用是对一段信息(Message)产生信息摘要(Message-Digest),以防止被篡改。比如,在UNIX下有很多软件在下载的时候都有一个文件名相同,文件扩展名为.md5的文件,在这个文件中通常只有一行文本,大致结构如:
MD5 (tanajiya.tar.gz) = 0ca175b9c0f726a831d895e269332461
这就是tanajiya.tar.gz文件的数字签名。MD5将整个文件当作一个大文本信息,通过其不可逆的字符串变换算法,产生了这个唯一的MD5信息摘要。为了让读者朋友对MD5的应用有个直观的认识,笔者以一个比方和一个实例来简要描述一下其工作过程:
大家都知道,地球上任何人都有自己独一无二的指纹,这常常成为公安机关鉴别罪犯身份最值得信赖的方法;与之类似,MD5就可以为任何文件(不管其大小、格式、数量)产生一个同样独一无二的“数字指纹”,如果任何人对文件做了任何改动,其MD5值也就是对应的“数字指纹”都会发生变化。
我们常常在某些软件下载站点的某软件信息中看到其MD5值,它的作用就在于我们可以在下载该软件后,对下载回来的文件用专门的软件(如Windows MD5 Check等)做一次MD5校验,以确保我们获得的文件与该站点提供的文件为同一文件。利用MD5算法来进行文件校验的方案被大量应用到软件下载站、论坛数据库、系统文件安全等方面。
MD5的典型应用是对一段Message(字节串)产生fingerprint(指纹),以防止被“篡改”。举个例子,你将一段话写在一个叫 readme.txt文件中,并对这个readme.txt产生一个MD5的值并记录在案,然后你可以传播这个文件给别人,别人如果修改了文件中的任何内容,你对这个文件重新计算MD5时就会发现(两个MD5值不相同)。如果再有一个第三方的认证机构,用MD5还可以防止文件作者的“抵赖”,这就是所谓的数字签名应用。
MD5还广泛用于操作系统的登陆认证上,如Unix、各类BSD系统登录密码、数字签名等诸多方。如在UNIX系统中用户的密码是以MD5(或其它类似的算法)经Hash运算后存储在文件系统中。当用户登录的时候,系统把用户输入的密码进行MD5 Hash运算,然后再去和保存在文件系统中的MD5值进行比较,进而确定输入的密码是否正确。通过这样的步骤,系统在并不知道用户密码的明码的情况下就可以确定用户登录系统的合法性。这可以避免用户的密码被具有系统管理员权限的用户知道。MD5将任意长度的“字节串”映射为一个128bit的大整数,并且是通过该128bit反推原始字符串是困难的,换句话说就是,即使你看到源程序和算法描述,也无法将一个MD5的值变换回原始的字符串,从数学原理上说,是因为原始的字符串有无穷多个,这有点象不存在反函数的数学函数。所以,要遇到了md5密码的问题,比较好的办法是:你可以用这个系统中的md5()函数重新设一个密码,如admin,把生成的一串密码的Hash值覆盖原来的Hash值就行了。
正是因为这个原因,现在被黑客使用最多的一种破译密码的方法就是一种被称为"跑字典"的方法。有两种方法得到字典,一种是日常搜集的用做密码的字符串表,另一种是用排列组合方法生成的,先用MD5程序计算出这些字典项的MD5值,然后再用目标的MD5值在这个字典中检索。我们假设密码的最大长度为8位字节(8 Bytes),同时密码只能是字母和数字,共26+26+10=62个字符,排列组合出的字典的项数则是P(62,1)+P(62,2)….+P(62,8),那也已经是一个很天文的数字了,存储这个字典就需要TB级的磁盘阵列,而且这种方法还有一个前提,就是能获得目标账户的密码MD5值的情况下才可以。这种加密技术被广泛的应用于UNIX系统中,这也是为什么UNIX系统比一般操作系统更为坚固一个重要原因。
C语言求文件MD5的函数用法
#ifndef MD5_H
#define MD5_H
typedef struct
{
unsigned int count[2];
unsigned int state[4];
unsigned char buffer[64];
}MD5_CTX;
#define F(x,y,z) ((x & y) | (~x & z))
#define G(x,y,z) ((x & z) | (y & ~z))
#define H(x,y,z) (x^y^z)
#define I(x,y,z) (y ^ (x | ~z))
#define ROTATE_LEFT(x,n) ((x << n) | (x >> (32-n)))
#define FF(a,b,c,d,x,s,ac) \
{ \
a += F(b,c,d) + x + ac; \
a = ROTATE_LEFT(a,s); \
a += b; \
}
#define GG(a,b,c,d,x,s,ac) \
{ \
a += G(b,c,d) + x + ac; \
a = ROTATE_LEFT(a,s); \
a += b; \
}
#define HH(a,b,c,d,x,s,ac) \
{ \
a += H(b,c,d) + x + ac; \
a = ROTATE_LEFT(a,s); \
a += b; \
}
#define II(a,b,c,d,x,s,ac) \
{ \
a += I(b,c,d) + x + ac; \
a = ROTATE_LEFT(a,s); \
a += b; \
}
void MD5Init(MD5_CTX *context);
void MD5Update(MD5_CTX *context,unsigned char *input,unsigned int inputlen);
void MD5Final(MD5_CTX *context,unsigned char digest[16]);
void MD5Transform(unsigned int state[4],unsigned char block[64]);
void MD5Encode(unsigned char *output,unsigned int *input,unsigned int len);
void MD5Decode(unsigned int *output,unsigned char *input,unsigned int len);
#endif
源文件md5.c
#include <memory.h>
#include "md5.h"
unsigned char PADDING[]={0x80,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
void MD5Init(MD5_CTX *context)
{
context->count[0] = 0;
context->count[1] = 0;
context->state[0] = 0x67452301;
context->state[1] = 0xEFCDAB89;
context->state[2] = 0x98BADCFE;
context->state[3] = 0x10325476;
}
void MD5Update(MD5_CTX *context,unsigned char *input,unsigned int inputlen)
{
unsigned int i = 0,index = 0,partlen = 0;
index = (context->count[0] >> 3) & 0x3F;
partlen = 64 - index;
context->count[0] += inputlen << 3;
if(context->count[0] < (inputlen << 3))
context->count[1]++;
context->count[1] += inputlen >> 29;
if(inputlen >= partlen)
{
memcpy(&context->buffer[index],input,partlen);
MD5Transform(context->state,context->buffer);
for(i = partlen;i+64 <= inputlen;i+=64)
MD5Transform(context->state,&input[i]);
index = 0;
}
el
{
i = 0;
}
memcpy(&context->buffer[index],&input[i],inputlen-i);
}
void MD5Final(MD5_CTX *context,unsigned char digest[16])
{
unsigned int index = 0,padlen = 0;
unsigned char bits[8];
index = (context->count[0] >> 3) & 0x3F;
padlen = (index < 56)?(56-index):(120-index);
MD5Encode(bits,context->count,8);
MD5Update(context,PADDING,padlen);
MD5Update(context,bits,8);
MD5Encode(digest,context->state,16);
}
void MD5Encode(unsigned char *output,unsigned int *input,unsigned int len)
{
unsigned int i = 0,j = 0;
while(j < len)
{
output[j] = input[i] & 0xFF;
output[j+1] = (input[i] >> 8) & 0xFF;
output[j+2] = (input[i] >> 16) & 0xFF;
output[j+3] = (input[i] >> 24) & 0xFF;
i++;
j+=4;
}
}
void MD5Decode(unsigned int *output,unsigned char *input,unsigned int len)
{
unsigned int i = 0,j = 0;
while(j < len)
{
output[i] = (input[j]) |
(input[j+1] << 8) |
(input[j+2] << 16) |
(input[j+3] << 24);
i++;
j+=4;
}
}
void MD5Transform(unsigned int state[4],unsigned char block[64])
{
unsigned int a = state[0];
unsigned int b = state[1];
unsigned int c = state[2];
unsigned int d = state[3];
unsigned int x[64];
MD5Decode(x,block,64);
FF(a, b, c, d, x[ 0], 7, 0xd76aa478); /* 1 */
FF(d, a, b, c, x[ 1], 12, 0xe8c7b756); /* 2 */
FF(c, d, a, b, x[ 2], 17, 0x242070db); /* 3 */
FF(b, c, d, a, x[ 3], 22, 0xc1bdceee); /* 4 */
FF(a, b, c, d, x[ 4], 7, 0xf57c0faf); /* 5 */
FF(d, a, b, c, x[ 5], 12, 0x4787c62a); /* 6 */
FF(c, d, a, b, x[ 6], 17, 0xa8304613); /* 7 */
FF(b, c, d, a, x[ 7], 22, 0xfd469501); /* 8 */
FF(a, b, c, d, x[ 8], 7, 0x698098d8); /* 9 */
FF(d, a, b, c, x[ 9], 12, 0x8b44f7af); /* 10 */
FF(c, d, a, b, x[10], 17, 0xffff5bb1); /* 11 */
FF(b, c, d, a, x[11], 22, 0x895cd7be); /* 12 */
FF(a, b, c, d, x[12], 7, 0x6b901122); /* 13 */
FF(d, a, b, c, x[13], 12, 0xfd987193); /* 14 */
FF(c, d, a, b, x[14], 17, 0xa679438e); /* 15 */
FF(b, c, d, a, x[15], 22, 0x49b40821); /* 16 */
请教MD5算法 用C语言实现
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#ifdefined(__APPLE__)
#defineCOMMON_DIGEST_FOR_OPENSSL
#include<CommonCrypto/CommonDigest.h>
#defineSHA1CC_SHA1
#el
#include<openssl/md5.h>
#endif
//这是我自己写的函数,用于计算MD5
//参数str:要转换的字符串
//参数lengthL:字符串的长度可以用strlen(str)直接获取参数str的长度
//返回值:MD5字符串
char*str2md5(constchar*str,intlength){
intn;
MD5_CTXc;
unsignedchardigest[16];
char*out=(char*)malloc(33);
MD5_Init(&c);
while(length>0){
if(length>512){
MD5_Update(&c,str,512);
}el{
MD5_Update(&c,str,length);
}
length-=512;
str+=512;
}
MD5_Final(digest,&c);
for(n=0;n<16;++n){
snprintf(&(out[n*2]),16*2,"%02x",(unsignedint)digest[n]);
}
returnout;
}
intmain(intargc,char**argv){
char*output=str2md5("hello",strlen("hello"));
printf("%s\n",output);
//上面会输出hello的MD5字符串:
//5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592
free(output);
return0;
}
C语言下对字符串进行MD5加密
怎么发给你?
md5.h
//===================================================
#ifndef MD5_H
#define MD5_H
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
/* Type define */
typedef unsigned char byte;
typedef unsigned int uint32;
using std::string;
using std::ifstream;
/* MD5 declaration. */
class MD5 {
public:
MD5();
MD5(const void* input, size_t length);
MD5(const string& str);
MD5(ifstream& in);
void update(const void* input, size_t length);
void update(const string& str);
void update(ifstream& in);
const byte* digest();
string toString();
void ret();
private:
void update(const byte* input, size_t length);
void final();
void transform(const byte block[64]);
void encode(const uint32* input, byte* output, size_t length);
void decode(const byte* input, uint32* output, size_t length);
string bytesToHexString(const byte* input, size_t length);
/* class uncopyable */
MD5(const MD5&);
MD5& operator=(const MD5&);
private:
uint32 _state[4]; /* state (ABCD) */
uint32 _count[2]; /* number of bits, modulo 2^64 (low-order word first) */
byte _buffer[64]; /* input buffer */
byte _digest[16]; /* message digest */
bool _finished; /* calculate finished ? */
static const byte PADDING[64]; /* padding for calculate */
static const char HEX[16];
enum { BUFFER_SIZE = 1024 };
};
#endif /*MD5_H*/
md5.cpp
//==============================================
#include "md5.h"
using namespace std;
/* Constants for MD5Transform routine. */
#define S11 7
#define S12 12
#define S13 17
#define S14 22
#define S21 5
#define S22 9
#define S23 14
#define S24 20
#define S31 4
#define S32 11
#define S33 16
#define S34 23
#define S41 6
#define S42 10
#define S43 15
#define S44 21
/* F, G, H and I are basic MD5 functions.
*/
#define F(x, y, z) (((x) & (y)) | ((~x) & (z)))
#define G(x, y, z) (((x) & (z)) | ((y) & (~z)))
#define H(x, y, z) ((x) ^ (y) ^ (z))
#define I(x, y, z) ((y) ^ ((x) | (~z)))
/* ROTATE_LEFT rotates x left n bits.
*/
#define ROTATE_LEFT(x, n) (((x) << (n)) | ((x) >> (32-(n))))
/* FF, GG, HH, and II transformations for rounds 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Rotation is parate from addition to prevent recomputation.
*/
#define FF(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac) { \
(a) += F ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + ac; \
(a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \
(a) += (b); \
}
#define GG(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac) { \
(a) += G ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + ac; \
(a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \
(a) += (b); \
}
#define HH(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac) { \
(a) += H ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + ac; \
(a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \
(a) += (b); \
}
#define II(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac) { \
(a) += I ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + ac; \
(a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \
(a) += (b); \
}
const byte MD5::PADDING[64] = { 0x80 };
const char MD5::HEX[16] = {
'0', '1', '2', '3',
'4', '5', '6', '7',
'8', '9', 'a', 'b',
'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'
};
/* Default construct. */
MD5::MD5() {
ret();
}
/* Construct a MD5 object with a input buffer. */
MD5::MD5(const void* input, size_t length) {
ret();
update(input, length);
}
/* Construct a MD5 object with a string. */
MD5::MD5(const string& str) {
ret();
update(str);
}
/* Construct a MD5 object with a file. */
MD5::MD5(ifstream& in) {
ret();
update(in);
}
/* Return the message-digest */
const byte* MD5::digest() {
if (!_finished) {
_finished = true;
final();
}
return _digest;
}
/* Ret the calculate state */
void MD5::ret() {
_finished = fal;
/* ret number of bits. */
_count[0] = _count[1] = 0;
/* Load magic initialization constants. */
_state[0] = 0x67452301;
_state[1] = 0xefcdab89;
_state[2] = 0x98badcfe;
_state[3] = 0x10325476;
}
/* Updating the context with a input buffer. */
void MD5::update(const void* input, size_t length) {
update((const byte*)input, length);
}
/* Updating the context with a string. */
void MD5::update(const string& str) {
update((const byte*)str.c_str(), str.length());
}
/* Updating the context with a file. */
void MD5::update(ifstream& in) {
if (!in) {
return;
}
std::streamsize length;
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
while (!in.eof()) {
in.read(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
length = in.gcount();
if (length > 0) {
update(buffer, length);
}
}
in.clo();
}
/* MD5 block update operation. Continues an MD5 message-digest
operation, processing another message block, and updating the
context.
*/
void MD5::update(const byte* input, size_t length) {
uint32 i, index, partLen;
_finished = fal;
/* Compute number of bytes mod 64 */
index = (uint32)((_count[0] >> 3) & 0x3f);
/* update number of bits */
if ((_count[0] += ((uint32)length << 3)) < ((uint32)length << 3)) {
++_count[1];
}
_count[1] += ((uint32)length >> 29);
partLen = 64 - index;
/* transform as many times as possible. */
if (length >= partLen) {
memcpy(&_buffer[index], input, partLen);
transform(_buffer);
for (i = partLen; i + 63 < length; i += 64) {
transform(&input[i]);
}
index = 0;
} el {
i = 0;
}
/* Buffer remaining input */
memcpy(&_buffer[index], &input[i], length - i);
}
/* MD5 finalization. Ends an MD5 message-_digest operation, writing the
the message _digest and zeroizing the context.
*/
void MD5::final() {
byte bits[8];
uint32 oldState[4];
uint32 oldCount[2];
uint32 index, padLen;
/* Save current state and count. */
memcpy(oldState, _state, 16);
memcpy(oldCount, _count, 8);
/* Save number of bits */
encode(_count, bits, 8);
/* Pad out to 56 mod 64. */
index = (uint32)((_count[0] >> 3) & 0x3f);
padLen = (index < 56) ? (56 - index) : (120 - index);
update(PADDING, padLen);
/* Append length (before padding) */
update(bits, 8);
/* Store state in digest */
encode(_state, _digest, 16);
/* Restore current state and count. */
memcpy(_state, oldState, 16);
memcpy(_count, oldCount, 8);
}
/* MD5 basic transformation. Transforms _state bad on block. */
void MD5::transform(const byte block[64]) {
uint32 a = _state[0], b = _state[1], c = _state[2], d = _state[3], x[16];
decode(block, x, 64);
/* Round 1 */
FF (a, b, c, d, x[ 0], S11, 0xd76aa478); /* 1 */
FF (d, a, b, c, x[ 1], S12, 0xe8c7b756); /* 2 */
FF (c, d, a, b, x[ 2], S13, 0x242070db); /* 3 */
FF (b, c, d, a, x[ 3], S14, 0xc1bdceee); /* 4 */
FF (a, b, c, d, x[ 4], S11, 0xf57c0faf); /* 5 */
FF (d, a, b, c, x[ 5], S12, 0x4787c62a); /* 6 */
FF (c, d, a, b, x[ 6], S13, 0xa8304613); /* 7 */
FF (b, c, d, a, x[ 7], S14, 0xfd469501); /* 8 */
FF (a, b, c, d, x[ 8], S11, 0x698098d8); /* 9 */
FF (d, a, b, c, x[ 9], S12, 0x8b44f7af); /* 10 */
FF (c, d, a, b, x[10], S13, 0xffff5bb1); /* 11 */
FF (b, c, d, a, x[11], S14, 0x895cd7be); /* 12 */
FF (a, b, c, d, x[12], S11, 0x6b901122); /* 13 */
FF (d, a, b, c, x[13], S12, 0xfd987193); /* 14 */
FF (c, d, a, b, x[14], S13, 0xa679438e); /* 15 */
FF (b, c, d, a, x[15], S14, 0x49b40821); /* 16 */
/* Round 2 */
GG (a, b, c, d, x[ 1], S21, 0xf61e2562); /* 17 */
GG (d, a, b, c, x[ 6], S22, 0xc040b340); /* 18 */
GG (c, d, a, b, x[11], S23, 0x265e5a51); /* 19 */
GG (b, c, d, a, x[ 0], S24, 0xe9b6c7aa); /* 20 */
GG (a, b, c, d, x[ 5], S21, 0xd62f105d); /* 21 */
GG (d, a, b, c, x[10], S22, 0x2441453); /* 22 */
GG (c, d, a, b, x[15], S23, 0xd8a1e681); /* 23 */
GG (b, c, d, a, x[ 4], S24, 0xe7d3fbc8); /* 24 */
GG (a, b, c, d, x[ 9], S21, 0x21e1cde6); /* 25 */
GG (d, a, b, c, x[14], S22, 0xc33707d6); /* 26 */
GG (c, d, a, b, x[ 3], S23, 0xf4d50d87); /* 27 */
GG (b, c, d, a, x[ 8], S24, 0x455a14ed); /* 28 */
GG (a, b, c, d, x[13], S21, 0xa9e3e905); /* 29 */
GG (d, a, b, c, x[ 2], S22, 0xfcefa3f8); /* 30 */
GG (c, d, a, b, x[ 7], S23, 0x676f02d9); /* 31 */
GG (b, c, d, a, x[12], S24, 0x8d2a4c8a); /* 32 */
/* Round 3 */
HH (a, b, c, d, x[ 5], S31, 0xfffa3942); /* 33 */
HH (d, a, b, c, x[ 8], S32, 0x8771f681); /* 34 */
HH (c, d, a, b, x[11], S33, 0x6d9d6122); /* 35 */
HH (b, c, d, a, x[14], S34, 0xfde5380c); /* 36 */
HH (a, b, c, d, x[ 1], S31, 0xa4beea44); /* 37 */
HH (d, a, b, c, x[ 4], S32, 0x4bdecfa9); /* 38 */
HH (c, d, a, b, x[ 7], S33, 0xf6bb4b60); /* 39 */
HH (b, c, d, a, x[10], S34, 0xbebfbc70); /* 40 */
HH (a, b, c, d, x[13], S31, 0x289b7ec6); /* 41 */
HH (d, a, b, c, x[ 0], S32, 0xeaa127fa); /* 42 */
HH (c, d, a, b, x[ 3], S33, 0xd4ef3085); /* 43 */
HH (b, c, d, a, x[ 6], S34, 0x4881d05); /* 44 */
HH (a, b, c, d, x[ 9], S31, 0xd9d4d039); /* 45 */
HH (d, a, b, c, x[12], S32, 0xe6db99e5); /* 46 */
HH (c, d, a, b, x[15], S33, 0x1fa27cf8); /* 47 */
HH (b, c, d, a, x[ 2], S34, 0xc4ac5665); /* 48 */
/* Round 4 */
II (a, b, c, d, x[ 0], S41, 0xf4292244); /* 49 */
II (d, a, b, c, x[ 7], S42, 0x432aff97); /* 50 */
II (c, d, a, b, x[14], S43, 0xab9423a7); /* 51 */
II (b, c, d, a, x[ 5], S44, 0xfc93a039); /* 52 */
II (a, b, c, d, x[12], S41, 0x655b59c3); /* 53 */
II (d, a, b, c, x[ 3], S42, 0x8f0ccc92); /* 54 */
II (c, d, a, b, x[10], S43, 0xffeff47d); /* 55 */
II (b, c, d, a, x[ 1], S44, 0x85845dd1); /* 56 */
II (a, b, c, d, x[ 8], S41, 0x6fa87e4f); /* 57 */
II (d, a, b, c, x[15], S42, 0xfe2ce6e0); /* 58 */
II (c, d, a, b, x[ 6], S43, 0xa3014314); /* 59 */
II (b, c, d, a, x[13], S44, 0x4e0811a1); /* 60 */
II (a, b, c, d, x[ 4], S41, 0xf7537e82); /* 61 */
II (d, a, b, c, x[11], S42, 0xbd3af235); /* 62 */
II (c, d, a, b, x[ 2], S43, 0x2ad7d2bb); /* 63 */
II (b, c, d, a, x[ 9], S44, 0xeb86d391); /* 64 */
_state[0] += a;
_state[1] += b;
_state[2] += c;
_state[3] += d;
}
/* Encodes input (ulong) into output (byte). Assumes length is
a multiple of 4.
*/
void MD5::encode(const uint32* input, byte* output, size_t length) {
for (size_t i = 0, j = 0; j < length; ++i, j += 4) {
output[j]= (byte)(input[i] & 0xff);
output[j + 1] = (byte)((input[i] >> 8) & 0xff);
output[j + 2] = (byte)((input[i] >> 16) & 0xff);
output[j + 3] = (byte)((input[i] >> 24) & 0xff);
}
}
/* Decodes input (byte) into output (ulong). Assumes length is
a multiple of 4.
*/
void MD5::decode(const byte* input, uint32* output, size_t length) {
for (size_t i = 0, j = 0; j < length; ++i, j += 4) {
output[i] = ((uint32)input[j]) | (((uint32)input[j + 1]) << 8) |
(((uint32)input[j + 2]) << 16) | (((uint32)input[j + 3]) << 24);
}
}
/* Convert byte array to hex string. */
string MD5::bytesToHexString(const byte* input, size_t length) {
string str;
str.rerve(length << 1);
for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
int t = input[i];
int a = t / 16;
int b = t % 16;
str.append(1, HEX[a]);
str.append(1, HEX[b]);
}
return str;
}
/* Convert digest to string value */
string MD5::toString() {
return bytesToHexString(digest(), 16);
}