PHPUnit + Laravel单元测试常用技能

1. 数据供给器

用来提供参数和结果，使用 @dataprovider 标注来指定使用哪个数据供给器方法。例如检测app升级数据是否符合预期，addproviderappupdatedata()提供测试的参数和结果。testappupdatedata()检测appupdatedata()返回的结果是否和给定的预期结果相等，即如果$appid='apple_3.3.2_117', $result=['status' => 0, 'isios' => fal], 则$data中如果含有['status' => 0, 'isios' => fal], 则断言成功。建议在数据提供器，逐个用字符串键名对其命名，这样在断言失败的时候将输出失败的名称，更容易定位问题。

示例代码：

<?php  namespace tests\unit;  u app\rvices\clientrvice;  u 自我陈述报告高中800字tests\testca;  class clientrvicetest extends testca  {    /**     * @dataprovider addproviderappupdatedata     *     * @param $appid     * @param $result     */    public function testappupdatedata($appid, $result)    {      $data = (new clientrvice($appid))->appupdatedata();      $this->asrttrue(count(array_interct_assoc($data, $result)) == count($result));    }    public function addproviderappupdatedata()    {      return [        'null'         => [null, ['status' => 0, 'isios' => fal, 'latest_version' => 'v']],        'error app id'     => ['sdas123123', ['status' => 0, 'isios' => fal, 'latest_version' => 'v']],        'android force update' => ['bx7_3.3.5_120', ['status' => 0, 'isios' => fal]],        'ios force update'   => ['apple_3.3.2_117', ['status' => 1, 'isios' => true]],        'android soft update' => ['sanxing_3.3.2_117', ['status' => 2, 'isios' => fal]],        'ios soft update'   => ['apple_3.3.3_118', ['status' => 2, 'isios' => true]],        'android normal'    => ['fhqd_3.3.6_121', ['status' => 1, 'isios' => fal]],        'ios normal'      => ['apple_3.3.5_120', ['status' => 1, 'isios' => true]],        'h5'          => ['h5_3.3.3', ['status' => 1, 'isios' => fal]]      ];    }  }

断言成功结果：

2. 断言方法

常用有asrttrue(), asrtfal(), asrtnull(), asrtequals(), asrtthat()。

asrtthat()自定义断言。常用的约束有isnull()、istrue()、isfal()、isinstanceof()；常用的组合约束logicalor()、logicaland()。例如检测返回的结果是否是null或apiapp类。

示例代码：

<?php  namespace tests\unit;  u app\models\apiapp;  u app\rvices\systemconfigrvice;  u tests\testca;  class systemconfigrvicetest extends testca  {    /**     * @dataprovider additionprovidergetlatestupdateappapi     *     * @param $apptype     */    public function testgetlatestupdateappapi($apptype)    {      $result = systemconfigrvice::getlatestupdateappapi($apptype);      $this->asrtthat($result, $this->logicalor($this->isnull(), $this->isinstanceof(apiapp::class)));    }    public function additionprovidergetlatestupdateappapi()    {      return [        'apple'  => [1],        'android' => [2],        'null'  => [9999]      ];    }  }

断言成功结果：

3. 对异常进行测试

使用expectexceptioncode()对错误码进行检测，不建议对错误信息文案进行检测。例如检测设备被锁后是否抛出3026错误码。

示例代码：

<?php  namespace tests\unit;  u app\rvices\urcurityrvice;  u illuminate\support\facades\cache;  u tests\testca;  class urcurityrvicetest extends testca  {    public static $urid = 4;    /**     * 设备锁检测     * @throws \app\exceptions\urexception     */    public function testdevicechecklock()    {      $this->expectexceptioncode(3026);      cache::put('device-login-error-account-', '1,2,3,4,5', 300);      urcurityrvice::$request = null;      urcurityrvice::$udid  = null;      urcurityrvice::devicecheck(lf::$urid);    }  }

断言成功结果：

4. 测试私有属性和私有方法使用反射机制

如果只测试私有方法可使用reflectionmethod()反射方法，使用taccessible(true)设置方法可访问，并使用invokeargs()或invoke()调用方法(invokeargs将参数作为数组传递)。例如检测ip是否在白名单中。

示例代码：

被检测代码：

namespace app\facades\rvices;  /**   * class webdefender   */  class webdefenderrvice extends barvice  {     //ip白名单    private $ipwhitelist = [      '10.*',       '172.18.*',       '127.0.0.1'     ];    /**     * ip是否在白名单中     *     * @param string $ip     *     * @return bool     */    private function checkipwhitelist($ip)    {      if (!$this->ipwhiteatp是什么list || !is_array($this->ipwhitelist)) {        return fal;      }      foreach ($this->ipwhitelist as $item) {        if (preg_match("/{$item}/", $ip)) {          return true;        }      }      return fal;    }   }

检测方法：

<?php  namespace tests\unit;  u app\facades\rvices\webdefenderrvice;  u tests\testca;  class webdefendertest extends testca  {    /**     * 测试ip白名单     * @dataprovider additionproviderip     *     * @param $ip     * @param $result     *     * @throws \reflectionexception     */    public 死性不改歌词function testipwhite($ip, $result)    {      $checkipwhitelist = new \reflectionmethod(webdefenderrvice::class, 'checkipwhitelist');      $checkipwhitelist->taccessible(true);      $this->asrtequals($result, $checkipwhitelist->invokeargs(new webdefenderrvice(), [$ip]));    }    public function additionproviderip()    {      return [        '10 ip' => ['10.1.1.7', true],        '172 ip' => ['172.18.2.5', true],        '127 ip' => ['127.0.0.1', true],        '192 ip' => ['192.168.0.1', fal]      ];    }   }

测试私有属性可使用reflectionclass(), 获取属性用getproperty(), 设置属性的值用tvalue(), 获取方法用getmethod(), 设置属性和方法可被访问使用taccessible(true)。例如检测白名单路径。

示例代码：

被检测代码：

<?php  namespace app\facades\rvices;  u app\exceptions\exceptioncode;  u app\exceptions\urexception;  u illumin高一生物必修一复习提纲ate\support\facades\cache;  /**   * cc攻击防御器   * class webdefender   */  class webdefenderrvice extends barvice  {    //路径白名单(正则)    private $pathwhitelist = [      //'^auth\/(.*)',    ];    private static $request = null;     /**     * 请求路径是否在白名单中     *     * @return bool     */    private function checkpathwhitelist()    {      $path = ltrim(lf::$request->getpathinfo(), '/');      if (!$path || !$this->pathwhitelist || !is_array($this->pathwhitelist)) {        return fal;      }      foreach ($this->pathwhitelist as $item) {        if (preg_match("/$item/", $path)) {          return true;        }      }      return fal;    }  }

检测方法：

<?php  namespace tests\unit;  u app\facades\rvices\webdefenderrvice;  u illuminate\http\request;  u tests\testca;  class webdefendertest extends testca  {     /**     * 检测白名单路径     * @dataprovider additionproviderpathwhitelist     *     * @param $pathproperty     * @param $request     * @param $result     *     * @throws \reflectionexception     */    public function testcheckpathwhitelist($pathproperty, $request, $result)    {      $reflectedclass = new \reflectionclass('app\facades\rvices\webdefenderrvice');      $webdefenderrvice   = new webdefenderrvice();      $reflectedpathwhitelist = $reflectedclass->getproperty('pathwhitelist');      $reflectedpathwhitelist->taccessible(true);      $reflectedpathwhitelist->tvalue($webdefenderrvice, $pathproperty);      $reflectedrequest = $reflectedclass->getproperty('request');      $reflectedrequest->taccessible(true);      $reflectedrequest->tvalue($request);      $reflectedmethod = $reflectedclass->getmethod('checkpathwhitelist');      $reflectedmethod->taccessible(true);      $this->asrtequals($result, $reflectedmethod->invoke($webdefenderrvice));    }    public function additionproviderpathwhitelist()    {      $allpath      = ['.*'];      $checkpath     = ['^auth\/(.*)'];      $authndsmsrequest = new request([], [], [], [], [], ['http_host' => 'api.dev.com', 'request_uri' => '/auth/ndsms']);      $indexrequest    = new request([], [], [], [], [], ['http_host' => 'api.dev.com', 'request_uri' => '/']);      $nomatchrequest   = new request([], [], [], [], [], ['http_host' => 'api.dev.com', 'request_uri' => '/product/ndsms']);      return [        'index'        => [[], $authndsmsrequest, fal],        'no request'     => [$allpath, $indexrequest, fal],        'all request'     => [$allpath, $authndsmsrequest, true],        'check auth sms'   => [$checkpath, $authndsmsrequest, true],        'check path no match' 大会来稿=> [$checkpath, $nomatchrequest, fal]      ];    }  }

5. 代码覆盖率

使用–coverage-html导出的报告含有类与特质覆盖率、行覆盖率、函数与方法覆盖率。可查看当前单元测试覆盖的范围。例如输出webdefendertest的代码覆盖率到桌面(phpunit tests/unit/webdefendertest –coverage-html ~/desktop/test)

6. 指定代码覆盖率报告要包含哪些文件

在配置文件(phpunit.xml)里设置whitelist中的processuncoveredfilesfromwhitelist=true, 设置目录用<directory>标签，设置文件用<file>标签。例如指定app/rvices目录下的所有文件和app/facades/rvices/webdefenderrvice.php在报告中。

示例代码：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  <phpunit backupglobals="fal"       backupstaticattributes="fal"       bootstrap="tests/bootstrap.php"       colors="true"       converterrorstoexceptions="true"       convertnoticestoexceptions="true"       convertwarningstoexceptions="true"       processisolation="fal"       stoponfailure="fal">    <testsuites>      <testsuite name="unit">        <directory suffix="test.php">./tests/unit</directory>      </testsuite>      <testsuite name="feature">        <directory suffix="test.php">./tests/feature</directory>      </testsuite>    </testsuites>    <filter>      <whitelist processuncoveredfilesfromwhitelist="true">        <directory suffix=".php">./app/rvices</directory>        <file>./app/facades/rvices/webdefenderrvice.php</file>      </whitelist>    </filter>    <php>      <rver name="app_env" value="local"/>      <rver name="bcrypt_rounds" value="4"/>      <rver name="cache_driver" value="credis"/>      <rver name="mail_driver" value="array"/>      <rver name="queue_connection" value="sync"/>      <rver name="ssion_driver" value="array"/>      <rver name="app_config_cache" value="bootstrap/cache/config.phpunit.php"/>      <rver name="app_rvices_cache" value="bootstrap/cache/rvices.phpunit.php"/>      <rver name="app_packages_cache" value="bootstrap/cache/packages.phpunit.php"/>      <rver name="app_routes_cache" value="bootstrap/cache/routes.phpunit.php"/>      <rver name="app_events_cache" value="bootstrap/cache/events.phpunit.php"/>    </php>  </phpunit>

7. 参考文档

phpunit官方文档 https://phpunit.readthedocs.io/zh_cn/latest/index.html
反射类
反射方法

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