stic考试

Model3

thefollowingterms,givingexamplesforillustrationifit

isnecessary.

ogy:__________________________

-occurrence:______________________

franca:_______________________

geacquisition:_________________

ry:________________________

:____________________________

anguage:_______________________

uration:_______________________

ntric:____________________________

transcription:__________________

tethefollowingstatementstrueorfal.

1).Printrvesasamapoflinguisticstructure,

readersuthecluestomorphologicalstructurethatare

embeddedinorthographyinreadingtheprintedwords.

2).Phonologyisabranchoflinguisticswhichstudies

thentencepatternsofalanguage.

3).Thelongvowelsarealllaxvowels,andtheshort

vowelsarealltenvowels.

4).Languageisrelativelystableandsystematicwhile

paroleissubjecttopersonalandsituational

constraints.

5).Ittakesababyaboutoneyearandhalflisteningto

itsmothertonguebeforeactuallyproducingmeaningfulwords.

6).Modernlinguistsregardthespokenlanguageas

primary,notthewritten.

7).Anexcessiveuofeuphemismmayhavenegative

effect.

8).Languagedeterminesthewaysweperceivethe

objectiveworld.

9).Chomskyclassifiesconceptualmetaphorsinto

threecategories:ontologicalmetaphors,structuralmetaphorsand

orientationalmetaphors.

10).Whatesntiallydistinguishesmanticsand

pragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningthecontextofuis

considered.

eachofthefollowingblankswithonewordwhich

beginswiththelettergiven.

1）Inadditiontothemotorareawhichisresponsiblefor

physicalarticulationofutterances,threeareasoftheleft

hemispherearevitaltolanguage:B_____area,W_____and

angularg_____.

2）Languagevarietiesotherthanthestandardarecalled

v______.

3）Sociald_____arevarietiesoflanguageudby

peoplebelongingtoparticularclass.

4）Likesoundandmorphologicalchanges,syntactic

changeinEnglishinvolvesl_____,g_____andmodification.

5）ThehistoryofEnglishlexicalexpansionisonethatis

characterizedwithheavyb____andwordf_____.

geisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbols

udforhumanc______.

eralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisisthe

primacyofs_____overwriting.

aofPaulGriceisthatinmakingconversation,

theparticipantsmustfirstofallbewillingtoc______;otherwiit

eral

principleiscalledtheC_____P____.

imofrelationrequiresthatwhatthe

conversationparticipantssaymustber_____.

ationshipbetweenanembeddedclauand

itsmatrixclauisoneofa幼儿故事大全短篇 p____toawhole.

echoicethatwouldbestcompletethestatement.

ationanalysisreferstothekindofanalysiswhich

involvesthebreakingdownofpredicationsintotheirconstituents:

______andpredicate.

D.

arguments

gehasatleastvenbasicfunctions:phatic,

directive,informative,interrog后背右侧疼是怎么回事 ative,expressive,evocative,and

______.

nalB.

ctive

nglishischaracterizedbythefollowing

Except_______.

e

finalphoneme.

blenegationconstructionD.

abnceofthecopula

referstotheabstract1inguisticsystemsharedbyall

themembersofaspeechcommunityand_______refersto

actualizedlanguage,orrealizationoflangue.

sticpotentialissimilartoSaussure’s―langue‖and

Chomsky’s―_____‖.

enceD.

structure

al______aresimilartostringssuchasoneona

violinorapiano.

hthe______ofLa-Lasound,Engla-landcametobe

pronouncedEngland.

ficationC.

alborrowing

d―zoo‖wasformedinthewayof______.

ngC.

ng

______,werefertowordformswhichdifferfromeach

,"pin"and"bin".

lpair

ncypair

rimm’sgreatcontributiontohistoricallinguisticsis

hisdiscoveryof___.

o-European

languages

versal

grammar

logicallythe______isthesmallestunitthatcannot

befurtherdivided.

meC.

fthefollowingsoundsisavoicedaffricate?

A.[j]B.[t]C.[z]D.[?]

l3._____isthestudyoftherulesgoverningthewayswords,

wordgroupsandphrasarecombinedtoformntencesin

language.

rD.

Linguistics

14.______constructionisjusttheoppositeofendocentric

construction.

inguisticB.

al

ionalgrammariansbeganwith____definitionofthe

ntenceanditscomponents.

ptiveC.

ural

anticcomponentsoftheword_____are+Human,

+Adult,+male,-Married.

orD.

widow

,English,Flemish,German,ally

consideredasWestGermanic_______Languages.

-EuropeanC.

inative

wthatlanguagecanberegardedasthedressof

thoughtcanbedatedbacktothetimeof______.

.

Saussure

ir-WhorfHypothesishastwomajorthrusts:

linguisticdeterminismandlinguistic_______.

vityC.

ence

olinguistics,______referstoagroupof

institutionalizedsocialsituationstypicallyconstrainedbyacommon

tofbehavioralrules.

yD.

community

thefollowingquestionsascomprehensivelyas

possible,givingexamplesifnecessary.

themeaningofthefollowingaffixesandroots

andgiveeachaffixtwoexamples.

re-un-anti-super-mis-audi-ge

ne-mi-~path~wi~ize~age

consonantsbeclassified?

esaylanguageisarbitrary?

hoftheunderlinedconstructionsorword

groupsdothefollowing：

1).Statewhetheritisheadedornon-headed

2).Ifheaded,stateitsheadword

3).Namethetypeofconstructions

willbekeenlycompeting.

Answer:headed,headword一competing;

verbalgroup.

(a)Ducksquack.

(b)Theladderintheshedislongenough.

(c)Isawabridgedamagedbeyondrepair.

(d)Singinghymnsisforbiddeninsome

countries.

nthemaincharacteristicsofsubjectsinEnglish.

Keys

dyofsoundsystem---theinventoryofdistinctive

soundsthatoccurinalanguageandthepatternsintowhichthey

fall.

sthatwordsofdifferenttsofclausmay

permit,orrequire,theoccurrenceofawordofanothertorclass

tance,

whatcanprecedeanoun(dog)isusuallythedeterminersand

adjectives,andwhatcanfollowitwhenittakesthepositionof

subjectwillbepredicatorssuchasbark,bite,run,t,

co-occurrenceisthesyntacticenvironmentinwhichaconstruction,

withitsrelevantelements,canappeargrammaticallyand

lationsofco-occurrencepartlybelongto

syntagmaticrelations,partlytoparadigmaticrelations.

francaisavarietyoflanguagethatrvesasa

commonspeechforsocialcontactamonggroupsofpeoplewho

speakdifferentnativelanguagesordialects.

eneraltermudtorefertothedevelopmentofa

person’sfirst,cond,,howhe

understandsandtospeakthelanguageofhiscommunity.

mcategoryinsomeapproachesreferstoclass

,noun,verb,subject,

predicate,nounphra,verbphra,ecifically,It

referstothedefiningpropertiesofthegeneralunits:the

categoriesofthenoun,forexample,includenumber,gender,ca

andcountability;andoftheverb,forexample,ten,aspect,voice,

andsoon.

referstoaphenomenonthatmostbilingual

communicationshaveonethingincommon,thatis,afairlyclear

functionaldifferentiationofthetwolanguagesinrespectofspeech

situations,forinstancetheHomeDomain,EmploymentDomain

etc.

rstoaparatelinguisticsystembadonthe

obrvableout-putwhichresultsfromalearner’sattempted

rmedwhenheattempts

tolearnanewlanguage,andithasfeaturesofboththefirstandthe

condlanguagebutisneither.

urationreferstotheprocessofadaptingtothe

cultureandvaluesystemofthecondlanguageCommunity.

ntricconstructionisonewhodistributionis

,

awordoragroupofwords,whichrvesasadefinableCentreor

hra华佗是哪里人 twoprettygirls,girls,istheCentreorHeadof

thisphraorwordgroup.

transcription——diacriticsareaddedtothe

one–lettersymbolstoshowthefinerdifferencesbetweensounds.

Forexample,thesound[l]intheabovementione梦见亲人去世 dwordsdiffer

[l]inleaf[l:f],occurringbeforeavoweliscalleda

clear[l]andthe[l]infeel[fi:l],occurringattheendofawordor

beforeanotherconsonantiscalledadark[l]andinnarrow

transcriptio流行的头发颜色 nthediacritic[~]isudtoindicateitisadark[?].

Theninthesoundcombination[hel]thesoundiscalledadental[l]

becauitisfollowedbydental[]

II.1.T2.F3.F4.T5.F6.T7.T8.F9.F10.T

’s;Wernicke’s;ular;t;4.

loss,gain;ing,formation;

ication;;icate,Cooperative

Principle;ve;;

IV.1.D2.B3.A4.B5.C6.C7.C8.B9.B10.A11.B

12.D13.B14.B15.A16.C17.B18.A19.B20.A

;notortheoppositeaction;greaterormorethan

usual;badlyorwrong(ly);listening;life;heat;half;emotion;in

the

mannerof;diaofinflectionof;tomakeofthestated

typeorputintothestatedcondition;theprocessofanaction;

antscabeclassifiedintwoways:

1)accordingtothemannerofarticulation;

2)accordingtotheplaceofarticulation;

geisarbitraryinthenthatthereisnointrinsic

connectionbetweenthesoundsthatpeopleuandtheobjectsto

tthatdifferentlanguageshave

differentwordsforthesameobjectisagoodillustrationthe

lyourtacitagreementof

utterance.

4.(a.)(nonheaded,independentclau)

(b)(non-head,prepositionalphra)

(c)(headed;headword一damaged;adjectivalgroup)

(d)(headed;headword一singing;gerundialphra)

mmaticalcategory―subject‖indifferentlanguage

ish,"subject"mayhave

thefollowingcharacteristics:

der:Subjectordinarilyprecedestheverbina

statementsuchas"Sallycollectsstamps."

nforms:ThefirstandthirdpersonpronounsIn

Englishappearinaspecialformwhenthepronounisasubject.

Thisformisnotudwhenthepronounoccursinotherpositions:

wstonesat

rewstonesatus.

entwithve党的八大 rb:Inthesimpleprentten,an

-sisaddedtotheverbwhenathirdpersonsubjectissingular.

However,thenumberandpersonoftheobjectoranyother

elementinthentencehavenoeffectatallontheformofthe

verb:

Sheangershim．ers

them.

tquestions:ifthesubject,isreplacedbya

questionword(whoorwhat),

therestofthentenceremainsunchanged,asin(b)But

whenanyotherelementofthentenceisreplacedbyaquestion

word,asic

ntencedoesnotcontainanauxiliaryverb,wemustInrtdidor

do(es)immediatelyafterthequestionword,asin(d,e).