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Pytorch – TORCH.NN.INIT 参数初始化的操作

更新时间:2023-04-09 02:01:31 阅读: 评论:0

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初始化函数:torch.nn.init

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-"""created on 2019@author: fancp"""import torch import torch.nn as nnw = torch.empty(3,5)#1.均匀分布 - u(a,b)#torch.nn.init.uniform_(te垫底辣妹图片nsor, a=0.0, b=1.0)print(nn.init.uniform_(w))# =============================================================================# tensor([[0.9160, 0.1832, 0.5278, 0.5480, 0.6754],#     [0.9509, 0.8325, 0.9149, 0.8192, 0.9950],#     [0.4847, 0.4148, 0.8161, 0.0948, 0.3787]])# =============================================================================#2.正态分布 - n(mean, std)#torch.nn.init.normal_(tenso袁隆平爷爷的故事r, mean=0.0, std=1.0)print(nn.init.normal_(w))# =============================================================================# tensor([[ 0.4388, 0.3083, -0.6803, -1.1476, -0.6084],#     [ 0.5148, -0.2876, -1.2222, 0.6990, -0.1595],#     [-2.0834, -1.6288, 0.5057, -0.5754, 0.3052]])# =============================================================================#3.常数 - 固定值 val#torch.nn.init.constant_(tensor, val)print(nn.init.constant_(w, 0.3))# =============================================================================# tensor([[0.3000, 0.3000, 0.3000, 0.3000, 0.3000],#     [0.3000, 0.3000, 0.3000, 0.3000, 0.3000],#     [0.3000, 0.3000, 0.3000, 0.3000, 0.3000]])# =============================================================================#4.全1分布#torch.nn.init.ones_(tensor)print(nn.init.ones_(w))# =============================================================================# tensor([[1., 1., 1., 1., 1.],#     [1., 1., 1., 1., 1.],#     [1., 1., 1., 1., 1.]])# =============================================================================#5.全0分布#torch.nn.init.zeros_(tensor)print(nn.init.zeros_(w))# =============================================================================# tensor([[0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],#     [0., 0., 0., 0., 0.],#     [0., 0., 0., 0., 0.]])# =============================================================================#6.对角线为 1,其它为 0#torch.nn.init.eye_(tensor)print(nn.init.eye_(w))# =============================================================================# tensor([[1., 0., 0., 0., 0.],#     [0., 1., 0., 0., 0.],#     [0., 0., 1., 0., 0.]])# =============================================================================#7.xavier_uniform 初始化#torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(tensor, gain=1.0)#from - understanding the difficulty of training deep feedforward neural networks - bengio 2010print(nn.init.xavier_uniform_(w, gain=nn.init.calculate_gain('relu')))# =============================================================================# tensor([[-0.1270, 0.3963, 0.9531, -0.2949, 0.8294],#     [-0.9759, -0.6335, 0.9299, -1.0988, -0.1496],#     [-0.7224, 0.2181, -1.1219, 0.8629, -0.8825]])# =============================================================================#8.xavier_normal 初始化#torch.nn.init.xavier_normal_(tensor, gain=1.0)print(nn.init.xavier_normal_(w))# =============================================================================# tensor([[ 1.0463, 0.1275, -0.3752, 0.1858, 1.1008],#     [-0.5560, 0.2837, 0.1000, -0.5835, 0.7886],#     [-0.2417, 0.1763, -0.7495, 0.4677, -0.1185]])# =========================================================元日译文====================#9.kaiming_uniform 初始化#torch.nn.init.kaiming_uniform_(tensor, a=0, mode='fan_in', nonlinearity='leaky_relu')#from - delving deep into rectifiers: surpassing human-level performance on imagenet classification - hekaiming 2015print(nn.init.kaiming_uniform_(w, mode='fan_in', nonlinearity='relu'))# =============================================================================# tensor([[-0.7712, 0.9344, 0.8304, 0.2367, 0.0478],#     [-0.6139, -0.3916, -0.0835, 0.5975, 0.1717],#     [ 0.3197, -0.9825, -0.5380, -1.0033, -0.3701]])# =============================================================================#10.kaiming_normal 初始化#torch.nn.init.kaiming_normal_(tensor, a=0, mode='fan_in', nonlinearity='leaky_relu')print(nn.init.kaiming_normal_(w, mode='fan_out', nonlinearity='relu'))# =============================================================================# tensor([[-0.0210, 0.5532, -0.8647, 0.9813, 0.0466],#     [ 0.7713, -1.0418, 0.7264, 0.5547, 0.7403],#     [-0.8471, -1.7371, 1.3333, 0.0395, 1.0787]])# =============================================================================#11.正交矩阵 - (mi)orthogonal matrix#torch.nn.init.orthogonal_(tensor, gain=1)#from - exact solutions to the nonlinear dynamics of learning in deep linear neural networks - saxe 2013print(nn.init.orthogonal_(w))# =============================================================================# tensor([[-0.0346, -0.7607, -0.0428, 0.4771, 0.4366],#     [-0.0412, -0.0836, 0.9847, 0.0703, -0.1293],#     [-0.6639, 0.4551, 0.0731, 0.1674, 0.5646]])# =============================================================================#12.稀疏矩阵 - spar matrix #torch.nn.init.spar_(tensor, sparsity, std=0.01)#from - deep learning via hessian-free optimization - martens 2010print(nn.init.spar_(w, sparsity=0.1))# =============================================================================# tensor([[ 0.0000, 0.0000, -0.0077, 0.0000, -0.0046],#  脱毛的好方法   [ 0.0152, 0.0030, 0.0000, -0.0029, 0.0005],#     [ 0.0199, 0.0132, -0.0088, 0.0060, 0.0000]])# =============================================================================

补充:【pytorch参数初始化】 pytorch默认参数初始化以及自定义参数初始化

本文用两个问题来引入

1.pytorch自定义网络结构不进行参数初始化会怎样,参数值是随机的吗?

2.如何自定义参数初始化?

先回答第一个问题

在pytorch中,有自己默认初始化参数方式,所以在你定义好网络结构以后,不进行参数初始化也是可以的。

1.conv2d继承自_convnd,在_convnd中,可以看到默认参数就是进行初始化的,如下图所示

2.torch.nn.batchnorm2d也一样有默认初始化的方式

3.torch.nn.linear也如此

现在来回答第二个问题。

pytorch中对神经网络模型中的参数进行初始化方法如下:

from torch.nn import init#define the initial function to init the layer's parameters for the networkdef weigth_init(m):  if isinstance(m, nn.conv2d):    init.xavier_uniform_(m.weight.data)    init.constant_(m.bias.data,0.1)  elif isinstance(m, nn.batchnorm2d):    m.weight.data.fill_(1)    m.bias.data.zero_()  elif isinstance(m, nn.linear):    m.weight.data.normal_(0,0.01)    m.bias.data.zero_()

首先定义了一个初始化函使徒行者2粤语百度网盘数,接着进行调用就ok了,不过要先把网络模型实例化:

 #define network  model = net(args.input_channel,args.output_channel)  model.apply(weigth_init)

此上就完成了对模型中训练参数的初始化。

在知乎上也有看到一个类似的版本,也相应的贴上来作为参考了:

def initnetparams(net):  '''init net parameters.'''  for m in net.modules():    if isinstance(m, nn.conv2d):      init.xavier_uniform(m.weight)      if m.bias:        init.constant(m.bias, 0)    elif isinstance(m, nn.batchnorm2d):      init.constant(m.weight, 1)      init.constant(m.bias, 0)    elif isinstance(m, nn.linear):      init.normal(m.weight, std=1e-3)      if m.bias:        init.constant(m.bias, 0) initnetparams(net)

再说一下关于模型的保存及加载

1.保存有两种方式,第一种是保存模型的整个结构信息和参数,第二种是只保存模型的参数

 #保存整个网络模型及参数 torch.save(net, 'net.pkl')   #仅保存模型参数 torch.save(net.state_dict(), 'net_params.pkl')

2.加载对应保存的两种网络

# 保存和加载整个模型 torch.save(model_object, 'model.pth') model = torch.load('model.pth')  # 仅保存和加载模型参数 torch.save(model_object.state_dict(), 'params.pth') model_object.load_state_dict(torch.load('params.pth'))

以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持www.887551.com。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方,望不吝赐教。

本文发布于:2023-04-09 02:01:29,感谢您对本站的认可!

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