非谓语动词语法:动名词的用法

更新时间:2023-08-25 19:25:47 阅读: 评论:0

非谓语动词语法:动名词的用法

非谓语动词语法:动名词的用法

非谓语动词语法:动名词的用法

在英语的学习生活当中,我们会接触到动名词,那么你知道它怎么用呢?下面是整理的非谓语动词语法:动名词的用法,希望对大家有所帮助。

非谓语动词语法:动名词的用法 1

doing → being done

having done → having been done

动名词的基本用法:

(1)主语:

Saving is easier than doing.

His coming here will be a great help.

It is no u waiting here, he has left.

There is no getting along with him.(简直无法和他相处)

(2)表语:

His job is keeping the hall clean as possible.

Seeing is believing.

(3)宾语:

a. 动词宾语:

He admitted taking the book.

I do mind your smoking here.

重磅要点:下列动词须跟动名词作宾语:

admit, appreciate, avoid, complete, delay, deny, enjoy, fancy, finish, mind, practice, rent, risk, suggest, allow, permit...

特注:以allow为例:allow + doing sth(动名词作宾语)。但可以:Allow sb to do sth(不定式作宾补)。

这类动词常见如 advi, allow, permit, recommend, etc.

b. 作介词宾语:

He left without saying goodbye to us.

I'm looking forward to meeting you.(to 在这里是介词)

(4)定语:

reading room swimming pool walking stick

动名词时态:

I am thinking of tting a new dictionary.(以后)

He never talked to me about his having been in Paris.(以前)

动名词语态:

He doesn't like being flattered.

I heard of his having been chon to be the coach of the team.

动名词复合结构:

由名词所有格或物主代词与动名词构成。

His leaving is a great loss.

Mother dislikes my (me) working late.

John's having en her did not make her worried.

注:动名词复合结构多作主语或宾语,作主语是必须是所有格。如上二例,但作宾语时可以用所有格,也可用普通格。

动名词与不定式在用法上的几点比较:

(1)在 begin,start,continue 等词后用动名词或不定式区别不大。

He began writing / to write in 1980.

(2)下列动词跟不定式或动名词所表示意义差别很大,注意使用。

He stopped talking. 停止讲话。

He stopped to talk. 停下来开始讲话。

Plea remember to post the letter. 记住寄走这封信。

I remember posting the letter. 我记得寄出了这封信。

I forgot to lock the door yesterday. 昨天我忘记锁门了。(未锁)

I forgot telling him the news. 我忘了我曾告诉过他这个消息。(做过的事情忘记了)

非谓语动词语法:动名词的用法 2

动名词

1)动名词与不定式的区别:

动名词表达的是: 状态,性质,心境,抽象,经常性,已发生的

不定式表达的是: 目的,结果,原因,具体,一次性,将发生的

2)有些动词如continue接不定式或动名词作宾语,意义基本相同。

3)有些动词如continue接不定式或动名词作宾语,意义大相径庭。

特殊词精讲

1. stop doing/to do

stop to do 停止,中断做某事后去做另一件事,stop doing 停止做某事。例如:

They stop to smoke a cigarette.  他们停下来,抽了根烟。

I must stop smoking.  我必须戒烟了。

She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___ on a big rock by the side of the path.

A. to have rested B. resting  C. to rest D. rest

答案:C。由题意可知,她到了山顶,停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此,应选择"stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事"。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止,所以stop doing sth.不正确。

2. forget doing/to do

forget to do 忘记要去做某事,forget doing 忘记做过某事。例如:

The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着,他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)

He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作)

---- The light in the office is still on. ---- Oh,I forgot___.

A. turning it off  B. turn it off

C. to turn it off  D. having turned it off

答案:C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了,而忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。

3. remember doing/to do

remember to do 记得去做某事,remember doing 记得做过某事。

例如:

Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember eing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?

4. regret doing/to do

regret to do 对将要做的`事遗憾,

regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。例如:

I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. 我很遗憾必须这样去做,我实在没有办法。

I don't regret telling her what I thought. 我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。

---You were brave enough to rai objections at the meeting.

---Well, now I regret ___ that.

A. to do  B. to be doing

C. to have done  D. having done

答案:D。regret having done sth. 对已发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do sth. 对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔,因此选D。

5. cea doing/to do

cea to do 长时间,甚至永远停做某事,

cea doing  短时停止做某事,以后还会接着做。例如:

That department has cead to exist forever. 那个系已不复存在。

The girls cead chatting for a moment when their teacher pasd by.

姑娘们在老师走过时,停了会聊天。

6. try doing/to do

try to do 努力,企***做某事,try doing 试验,试着做某事。例如:

You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。

I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 我试着种果木花卉,但未成功。

7. go on doing/to do

go on to do 做了一件事后,接着做另一件事,

go on doing 继续做原来做的事。例如:

After he had finished his maths,he went on to do his physics. 做完数学后,他接着去做物理。

Go on doing the other exerci after you have finished this one. 作完这个练习后,接着做其他的练习

8. be afraid doing/to do

be afraid to do 不敢,胆怯去做某事,是主观上的原因不去做,意为"怕",

be afraid of doing 担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing 是客观上造成的,意为"生怕,恐怕"。例如:

She was afraid to step further in grass becau she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.

她生怕被蛇咬着,不敢在草丛中再走一步。

She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。

She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。

9. be interested doing/to do

be interested to do 对做某事感兴趣,想了解某事,

be interested in doing  对某种想法感兴趣,doing 通常为想法。

I shall be interested to know what happens. 我很想知道发生了什么事。(想了解)

I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that?

我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗? (一种想法

10. mean to doing/to do

mean to do  打算、想,

mean doing 意味着。例如:

I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. 我想去,但是我父亲不肯让我去。

To rai wage means increasing purchasing power. 增加工资意味着增加购买力。

11. begin(start) doing/to do

1) 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时,使用doing。例如:

How old were you when you first started playing the piano? 你几岁时开始弹钢琴?

2) begin, start用进行时时,后面动词用不定式to do。例如:

I was beginning to get angry。我开始生起气来。

3) 在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时,常用不定式to do。例如:

I begin to understand the truth。我开始明白真相。

4) 事物作主语时。例如:

The snow began to melt.雪开始融化了

12. 感官动词 + doing/to do

感官动词 e, watch, obrve, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do

表示动作的完整性,+doing 表示动作的进行性。例如:

I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)

I saw him working in the garden yesterday.(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)昨天我见他正在花园里干活。

典型例题

1)They knew her very well. They had en her ___ up from childhood.

A. grow  B. grew

C. was growing  D. to grow

答案:A。因题意为,他们看着她长大,因此强调的是成长的过程,而非正在长的动作,因此用e sb do sth 的句型。

2)The missing boy was last en ___ near the river.

A. playing  B. to be playing  C. play  D. to play

答案A. 本题强调其动作,正在河边玩,应此用e sb. doing sth句型。

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