SpringBoot项目中同时操作多个数据库的实现方法

在实际项目开发中可能存在需要同时操作两个数据库的场景，比如从a库读取数据，进行操作后往b库中写入数据，此时就需要进行多数据前言格式库配置。本文以操作本地和线上的mysql数据库为例：

1、导入相关pom文件

<dependency>    <groupid>mysql</groupid>    <artifactid>mysql-connector-java</artifactid>    <scope>runtime</scope></dependency><dependency>    <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>    <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactid></dependency><dependency>    <groupid>org.mybatis</groupid>    <artifactid>mybatis</artifactid>    <version>3.5.5</version></dependency><dependency>    <groupid>com.alibaba</groupid>    <artifactid>druid</artifactid>    <version>1.2.3</version></dependency><dep个人提升计划endency>    <groupid>org.mybatis</groupid>    <artifactid>mybatis-spring</artifactid>    <version>2.0.7</version></dependency><dependency>    <groupid>org.projectlombok</groupid>    <artifactid>lombok</artifactid>    <optional>true</optional></dependency>

二、application.yml配置文件编写

单数据源的配置如下：

spring:  datasource:    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.driver    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/meal_order?ussl=fal&uunicode=true&characterencoding=utf-8&rvertimezone=gmt%2b8    urname: root    password: root    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.druiddatasource

多数据源的配置如下：

spring:  datasource:    dev:      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.driver      jdbcurl: jdbc:mysql://xxx.xx.xx.xx:3306/meal_order?ussl=fal&uunicode=true&characterencoding=utf-8&rvertimezone=gmt%2b8      urname: root      password: root      type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.druiddatasource    local:      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.driver      jdbcurl: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/db2021?ussl=fal&uunicode=true&characterencoding=utf-8&rvertimezone=gmt%2b8      urname: root      password: root      type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.druiddatasource

经过对比可以发现：
1、多数据源的配置中需要指定具体的名称来区分不同的数据库（上述配置中的dev和local，名称可以根据具体需求自定义）
2、需要使用jdbcurl代替url

三、数据库连接配置文件

dev数据源配置文件：

@configuration@mapperscan(bapackages = "com.multiple.mapper.dev",sqlssionfactoryref = "devsqlssionfactory")public class devdatasourceconfig {    @primary    @bean(name = "devdatasource")    @configurationproperties("spring.datasource.dev")    public datasource masterdatasource(){        return datasourcebuilder.create().build();    }    @bean(nam高校名单e = "devsqlssionfactory")    public sqlssionfactory sqlssionfactory(@qualifier("devdatasource") datasource datasource) throws exception {        sqlssionfactorybean ssionfactorybean = new sqlssionfactorybean();        ssionfactorybean.tdatasource(datasource);        ssionfactorybean.tmapperlocations(new pathmatchingresourcepatternresolver()                .getresources("classpath:mapping/dev/*.xml"));        return ssionfactorybean.getobject();    }}

local数据源配置文件：

@configuration@mapperscan(bapackages = "com.multiple.mapper.local",sqlssionfactoryref = "localsqlssionfactory")public class localdatasourceconfig {    @primary    @bean(name = "localdatasource")    @configurationproperties("spring.datasource.local")    public datasource masterdatasource(){        return datasourcebuilder.create().build();    }    @bean(name = "localsqlssionfactory")    public sqlssionfactory sqlssionfactory(@qualifier("localdatasource") datasource datasource) throws exception {        sqlssionfactorybean ssionfactorybean = new sqlssionfactorybean();        ssionfactorybean.tdatasource(datasource);        ssionfactorybean.tmapperlocations(new pathmatchingresourcepatternresolver()                .getresources("classpath:mapping/local/*.xml"));        return ssionfactorybean.getobject();    }}

不同配置文件通过@m合同书apperscan注解的内容来区分不同数据库下的mapper文件，通过@configurationproperties注解来加载指定的数据源

以devdatasourceconfig为例

四、主启动类注解修改

@springboo疑人窃履tapplication(exclude={<!--{cke_protected}{c}%3c!%2d%2d%20%2d%2d%3e-->datasourceautoconfiguration.class})

目录结构如下：

五、测试

从dev库中查询数据，取出字段插入local库中：

public interface devmapper {    @lect("lect * from test")    list<test> getalltest();}

public interface localmapper {    @inrt("inrt into payment(rial) values (#{name})")    int inrtmessage(string name);}

@springboottestclass multipledatabaapplicationtests {    @autowired    private devmapper devmapper;    @autowired    private localmapper localmapper;    @test    void contextloads() {        list<com.multiple.pojo.test> testlist = devmapper.getalltest();        for(com.multiple.pojo.test test : testlist){            localmapper.inrtmessage(test.getaa());        }    }}

运行测试代码，从dev库中查出的数据可以成功添加至local库
该方法也适用需要使用多种不同的数据库的场景，比如mysql和oracle，修改数据源配置文件即可

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