人的记忆力会随着岁月的流逝而衰退,写作可以弥补记忆的不足,将曾经的人生经历和感悟记录下来,也便于保存一份美好的回忆。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的范文呢?这里我整理了一些优秀的范文,希望对大家有所帮助,下面我们就来了解一下吧。
非正式的邮件篇一now i will introduce mylf briefly,i am 21 years old,born in heilongjiang province ,northeast of china,and i am curruently a nior student at beijing uni.
my major is packaging i will receive my bachelor degree after my graduation in june.
in the past 4 years,i spend most of my time on study,i have pasd cet4/6 with a ea. and i have acquired basic knowledge of packaging and publishing both in theory and in practice. besides, i have attend veral packaging exhibition hold in beijing, this is our advantage study here, i have taken a tour to some big factory and company. through the i have a deeply understanding of domestic packaging industry.
compared to developed countries such as us, unfortunately, although we have made extraordinary progress since 1978,our packaging industry are still underdeveloped, mess, unstable, the situation of employees in this field are i have full confidence in a bright future if only our economy can keep the growth pace still.
i guess you maybe interested in the reason itch to law, and what is my plan during graduate study life, i would like to tell you that pursue law is one of my lifelong goal,i like my major packaging and i wont give up,if i can pursue my master degree here i will combine law with my former education.
i will work hard in thefields ,patent ,trademark, copyright, on the ba of my years study in department of p&p, my character?
i cannot describe it well, but i know i am optimistic and confident. sometimes i prefer to stay alone, reading, listening to music, but i am not lonely, i like to chat with my classmates, almost talk everything ,my favorite pastime is valleyball,playing cards or surf online. through college life,i learn how to balance between study and entertainment.
by the way, i was a actor of our amazing drama club. i had a few glorious memory on stage. that is my pride.
非正式的邮件篇二dear mr. xxx,
you are recommended to us by bank of china in new york that you are one of the leading sportswear dealers. right now, we are particularly interested in importing various ranges of sportswear.
we are large dealers in textiles here and believe there is a promising market in our area for moderately priced sportswear.
it would be helpful if you could nd us your latest catalogue and price list. if the quality of the goods comes up to our expectation and the delivery date is acceptable, we can probably let you have regular orders.
we are looking forward to your earliest reply.
sincerely,
非正式的邮件篇三[摘要]商务英语翻译在国际贸易中起着越来越重要的作用。本文从商务英语的内涵、特点、翻译策略等方面,对商务英语的翻译进行了浅要的分析。
[关键词]商务英语翻译策略
一、商务英语的内涵
商务英语是一种包含各种商务活动内容、适合商业需要的专门用途英语,其实用性和专业性非常强,目前已成为世界经济活动中必不可少的语言交际工具。
二、商务英语翻译的特点
商务英语翻译是为商务活动服务的,具有完整、简洁、具体、准确、清晰等特点。因此,在商务翻译中应当认真遵循这一原则,充分表达出原文的精神实质。
这里的“完整”是力求内容的完整。例如,在订货时,需要写出所需商品、何时需要、收货人和收货地点及付款方式等。“简洁”是指商务活动讲求的是时间和效率,因此简单地表达内容和适当地把握分寸非常重要。商务英语的这一特点与这些年来在英美等国出现的英语简化趋势有直接联系。此外,“具体”是指商务文书应该力求具体、明确,避免含糊、空泛、抽象。如在报盘、换盘、理赔时,需要使用具体的事实和数据。“正确”是指商务文书内容(如数据),必须以准确的语言和套语加以表达。“清晰”是指文书主题突出、层次分明。其内容应该明白易懂,不能存在模棱两可、含糊不清的现象。
现代商务合同具有篇章结构程式化与表述结构条目化、用词正式规范、内容完整、具有针对性等文体特点。合同的格式固定规范,体现了篇章上的严密性。合同协议具有法律约束力,为了避免产生任何误解和歧义,便形成了行文严谨、措辞确切的特征,构成了法律文字特有的保险性和稳定性。翻译商务合同不仅应当掌握合同协议的基本特点,而且应当遵循准确严谨、规范统一的原则。
三、商务英语翻译策略
1.充分考虑文化差异
语言是商务活动的交际工具,因此文化差异的影响也直接反映在商务谈判、广告宣传、产品介绍、合同制定等各个方面。比如“亚洲四小龙”这一词语,英文的原词是“the four asian tigers”,而不是“the four asian dragons”就反映出了鲜明的文化对照。在中国数千年的文明史中,龙象征着天上的神灵,威武雄壮、生气勃勃。而西方文化中,dragon(龙)是指凶恶的鬼怪,tiger(虎)被认为是“勇猛,富于进取精神”的象征。因此在商务活动中,仅仅借助几本词典是远远不够的。要把握好各种文化的深厚底蕴,正确理解其中含义,才能更好的发挥语言的交流和沟通作用。
2.正确理解专业词汇
商务英语涉及国际经济活动中的方方面面,词义有着很强的专业性。在国际贸易、国际金融等各类经济专业中的商务专业词汇相当多,因此正确理解这些专业词汇非常重要。例如“libor”一词,是国际金融专业词汇,是国际金融市场上制定国际金融贷款利率的基础标准,其含义是“伦敦同行间同业投放利率” (london inter bank offered rate)。随着国际金融市场的发展,这一词汇的运用,逐渐演变成采用其缩略语的方式,普通词典中没有这个缩略语的形式。有的专业词汇,虽然在普通词典中能找到,也很难解释其在商务英语中的特定含义。如“nayorigin”这样的词汇,一般词典解释为:“nay”一般用于开会表决时的否定用语;“origin”是发源地,起源的意思。而在国际贸易中应解释为“未说明产地”。
3.注意典型套语
商务英语非常注重实际的交际功能。在商务活动中,客户之间的意图越明朗,交流就越顺利。在长期的国际商务交流中,形成了许多言简意赅而又很实用的商务专业典型套语。尤其是在进出口函电英语中,就有许多这种典型例句。例如,关于“支付”的套语有:“our usual terms of payment are by confirmed irrevocable l/g available at sight.” 而普通英语很难用如此简洁的语句表达出来。
4.防止漏译
由于商务合同翻译涉及到当事者双方的利益,有时一字之差就可能造成无法挽救的大错。因此,译者应具备高度的责任感,一丝不苟的工作态度,防止漏译。例如:某工程项目在订购“水轮机自动控制仪表”时,被译为control instruments for automatic controlled hydro-turbine, 实际上这个“控制仪表”分自动型或非自动型,应译为auto-controlling instrument of hydro-turbine才能配套。这里的“auto”一字如果不能及时发现漏译,购回的设备不配套,就会造成重大经济损失。
5.认真审校
为了保证翻译质量,审校译文是从事翻译工作必不可少的一步。译文是否忠实原文,是否通顺、流畅,语言是否规范,是否有误译、漏译等问题,都应引起高度重视。具体审校方法可采用译者自己校改后,请别人校阅。用这种互相校改的方法,可确保整个译文连贯、术语统一,使译文达到或接近翻译标准。
总之,经济的发展使我们与国外各方面的交流越来越多,贸易活动不断增加,翻译的比重也随之加大。要做好商务英语翻译工作,就要根据商务英语的特点及其规律,学习商务英语方面相关知识,使翻译万无一失。
参考文献:
[1]冯建东:商务英语特色初探.经贸英语,1998
[2]刘法公:商务汉英翻译专论.重庆:重庆出版社,1999
[3]莫丽丽:营销英语的语言特征及其翻译.上海科技翻译,2003
非正式的邮件篇四dear mr. craige,
i am writing to tell you something about the l0th english speaking contest i took part in last week in our school.
i got the xxxtop ten prize” out of 30 competitors, which was totally beyond my imagination.
when i heard the final result i couldnt believe my ears and jumped with joy.
its thanks for your effort that i have made much more rapid progress in my spoken english. before the contest, whenever you had free time, you would help me practice my spoken english. you communicated with me as much as possible, and corrected my pronunciation,intonation as well. whats more, you taught me some helpful speaking skills and made me full of confidence. without your help i couldnt have achieved such a good result. i have benefited from this competition a lot. all in all,i really appreciate your help.
thank you again for your advice and kind help. i sincerely invite you to my home for dinner and have a good time.
yours sincerely.
li hua
非正式的邮件篇五to:即这个e-mail发给谁,通常是接受者的电子邮件信箱。
from:即这个e-mail是谁发的,通常是发送者的电子邮件信箱。
cc: carbon copy 的缩写,愿意是用复写纸预写副本,在e-mail 中为“抄送”之意,即可同事把此邮件发给其他的人,有时也可写成copy to:。
subject:即主题,也就是这封e-mail的主要内容是什么。
另外从语言上看,这三封e-mail在语气上有很强的口语化的痕迹,这点与note有相同之处。但e-mail的语气的正式程序也要视发送者和接收者之间的关系。某些情况下如果用e-mail的方式发送信件,那么行文就应该是正式的。
curriculum vitae 履历(书);简历;
you want to meet your sales manager this week,plea write an e-mail to him
saying when you would like to meet you
why you would like to meet him
where you can meet him
非正式的邮件篇六business etiquette is made up of significantly more important things than knowing which fork to u at lunch with a client. unfortunately, in the perception of others, the devil is in the details. people may feel that if you cant be trusted not to embarrass yourlf in business and social situations, you may lack the lf-control necessary to be good at what you do. etiquette is about prenting yourlf with the kind of polish that shows you can be taken riously. etiquette is also about being comfortable around people (and making them comfortable around you!)
people are a key factor in your own and your business success. many potentially worthwhile and profitable alliances have been lost becau of an unintentional breach of manners.
dan mcleod, president of positive management leadership programs, a union avoidance company, says, xxxshow me a boss who treats his or her employees abrasively, and ill show you an environment ripe for labor problems and obviously poor customers relations. disrespectful and discourteous treatment of employees is pasd along from the
most behavior that is perceived as disrespectful, discourteous or abrasive is unintentional, and could have been avoided by practicing good manners or etiquette. weve always found that most negative experiences with someone were unintentional and easily repaired by keeping an open mind and maintaining open, honest communication. basic knowledge and practice of etiquette is a valuable advantage, becau in a lot of situations, a cond chance may not be possible or practical.
there are many written and unwritten rules and guidelines for etiquette, and it certainly behooves a business person to learn them. the caveat is that there is no possible way to know all of them!
the guidelines have some difficult-to-navigate nuances, depending on the company, the local culture, and the requirements of the situation. possibilities to commit a faux pas are limitless, and chances are, sooner or later, youll make a mistake. but you can minimize them, recover quickly, and avoid causing a bad impression by being generally considerate and attentive to the concerns of others, and by adhering to the basic rules of etiquette. when in doubt, stick to the basics.
the most important thing to remember is to be courteous and thoughtful to the people around you, regardless of the situation. consider other peoples feelings, stick to your convictions as diplomatically as possible. address conflict as situation-related, rather than person-related. apologize when you step on toes. you cant go too far wrong if you stick with the basics you learned in kindergarten. (not that tho basics are easy to remember when youre in a hard-nod business meeting!)
this sounds simplistic, but the qualities we admire most when we e them in people in leadership positions, tho are the very traits we work so hard to engender in our children. if you always behave so that you would not mind your spou, kids, or grandparents watching you, youre probably doing fine. avoid raising your voice (surprisingly, it can be much more effective at getting attention when lower it!) using harsh or derogatory language toward anyone (prent or abnt), or interrupting. you may not get as much xxxairtimexxx in meetings at first, but what you do say will be much more effective becau it carries the weight of credibility and respectability.
the following are guidelines and tips that weve found helpful for dealing with people in general, in work environments, and in social situations.
talk and visit with people. dont differentiate by position or standing within the company. cretaries and janitorial staff actually have tremendous power to help or hinder your career. next time you need a document prepared or a conference room arranged for a prentation, watch how many people are involved with that process (youll probably be surprid!) and make it a point to meet them and show your appreciation.
make it a point to arrive ten or fifteen minutes early and visit with people that work near you. when youre visiting another site, linger over a cup of coffee and introduce yourlf to people nearby. if you arrive early for a meeting, introduce yourlf to the other participants. at social occasions, u the circumstances of the event itlf as an icebreaker. after introducing yourlf, ask how they know the host or how they like the crab dip. talk a little about yourlf- your hobbies, kids, or pets; just enough to get people to open up about theirs and get to know you as a person.
keep notes on people. there are veral xxxcontact managementxxx software applications that are designed for salespeople, but in business, nearly everyone is a salesperson in some capacity or another. they help you create a xxxpeople databaxxx with names, address, phone numbers, birthdays, spou and childrens names; whatever depth of information is appropriate for your situation.
its a good idea to remember what you can about people; and to be thoughtful. nd cards or letters for birthdays or congratulations of promotions or other events, nd flowers for engagements, weddings or in condolence for the death of a loved one or family member. people will remember your kindness, probably much longer than you will!
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