英语国家概况谢福之课后答案简答题美国部分
第三大题
Chapter 8
1.How is the American population distributed?
The distribution of the American population is rather uneven the most denly populated region is the northeastern part of the country、 The great plains have a comparatively small population 、the south also has a population of almost 57、5million、 the west is not denly populated ,except for some metropolitan centers like los A ngeles and san Francisco 、 it has about 20% of the nation’s population、
2.Why was the immigration act of 1942 instituted ?
The new immigrants in the united states , being poor and accustomed to poverty , were wil ling to work for very low wages 、this made other workers afraid that the immigrants would ls and take jobs away from them 、 this opposition led to the immigration act of 1942、
Chapter 9
1.Why did American change its policy and enter world war II?
Becau of the formation of the axis , the American government feared that the axis countr ies were wining the war and it might threaten America’s curity and interests 、 it began to provide war equipment to the foreign nations resisting the aggression of the axis power 、 th
e Japane air raid on pearl harbor became the direct cau for America’s entrance into the w
ar、
2.What were Nixon’s well-known contributions during his presidency?
a) brought the Vietnam war to a clo
b)reestablishing U、S、 relations with china
c) negotiating the firststrategic arms limitation treaty with the former soviet union 、
3.What were the contents of Reagan’s economic program?
Reagan’s economic program called for reductions in income taxes and business taxes in or der to encourage investment , and it also requested that many government regulations be el iminated so as to reduce the federal government’s role in the day-to-day operation of busine ss、
Chapter 10
1.What are the two characteristics of the U、S、 constitution?
One is “checks and balances”, the other is that the power of the central government and the powers of state governments are specified、
2.What are the qualifications for a nator and a reprentative respectively?
A nator must be over 30 years old , a U、
S、 citizen for at least nine years, and a resident in the state which they reprent 、 a repres entative should be at least 25 years old and a U、S、 citizen for no less than ven years、
3.What are the major powers of the supreme court?
a)to interpret laws
b) to hear appeals from any federal court cas;
c)to hear appeals from state court cas that involve the constitution or national laws
d)may declare a law unconstitutional
e) may declare a presidential act unconstitutional、
4.What is the difference between the democrats and the republicans in terms of political opi
nions?
The democrats want the government to play an important role in the economy and empha size full employment as a matter of national concern they favor civil rights laws , a strong so cial curity system which gives enterpris a greater freedom and demand that the govern ment control inflation、 They stress the need for law and order, and oppo complete gover nment social programs and free choice of abortion they also favor a strong military posture and asrtive stand in international relations、
Chapter 11
1.What industry developments took place during the colonial period of America?
During the colonial period ,the condary industries developed as the colonies grew 、 a v ariety of specialized sawmills and gristmills appeared、 Colonists established shipyards to bu ild fishing fleets and trading vesls 、 they also built small iron forges 、 by the 18th centur y , regional patterns of development in America had become clear、
2.How did the civil war affect the American economy?
After the civil war , the large southern cotton plantations became much less profitable 、 n orthern industries , which had expanded rapidly becau of the demands of the war ,surged a head、
3.Why does America try to reduce trade barriers?
Becau the united states has increasingly realized that open bilateral trade will not only adv ance its own economic interests, but also enhance domestic stability and its peaceful relations hip with other nations、
Chapter 12
1.How does an American university choo its applicants?
a)their high school records;
b) recommendations from their high school teachers;
c) the impression they make during interviews at the university;
d) their scores on the SAT、
2.What functions do American higher education institutions perform?
