一，名词解释
第一章
International Settlement（国际结算）： International Settlement is defined as financial activities conducted among different countries in which payments are effected or funds are transferred from one country to another, in order to ttle accounts, debts, claims and etc.
Negotiable instruments（可转让票据）： A negotiable instrument is an instrument the titles on which can be transferred easily from one party to another, which is a kind of financial documents.
Drawer（出票人）
drawee（付款人）
payee（收款人）
endor（背书）
letter of credit（信用证）
Standby letter of credit（备用信用证）
guarantee（保函）
international factoring（国际保理）
international forfaiting（国际无追索权买断）
Marine Bill Of Lading（海运提货单）
Airway Bill（空运提单）
Insurance Policy（保险单）
Customs Invoice（海关发票）
International Cargo Trade Settlement（国际货物贸易结算）：The financial activity arising from international cargo merchandi trade is called international cargo trade ttlement.
International Service Trade Settlement（国际服务贸易结算）：International rvice trade ttlement refers to the ttlement related to the cross-border rvices providing.
General Agreement on Trade in Service（服务贸易总协定）：a treaty of the World Trade Organization, covers four modes of supply for the delivery of rvices in cross-border trade.
Cross-border supply（跨境交付）：refer to the rvices delivered within the territory of the member, from the territory of another member. It is the rvices but not the people or material that cross the border.
Consumption abroad（境外消费）：Consumption abroad is the rvices delivered outside the territory of the member, in the territory of another member, to a rvice consumer of the
member.
Commercial prence（商业存在）：Commercial prence is the rvices delivered within the territory of the member, through the commercial prence of the supplier.
Prence of natural person（自然人流动）：Prence of natural person is rvices delivered
within the territory of the member, with supplier prenting as a natural person.
International Non-trade Settlement（国际非贸易结算）： International Non-Trade Settlement refers to financial activities that are generated in the cour of other cross-border economic (excluding international trade), political and cultural contacts.
Cash on Delivery（货到付款）
Document against payment（付款交单）
clearing systems（清算系统）
Clearing Hou Inter-bank Payment System(CHIPS) 紐約清算所銀行同業支付系統
Clearing Hou Automated Payment System(CHAPS) 自動支付清算系統
negotiating bank（议付银行）
accepting bank（承兑银行）
reimburment bank（偿付银行）
confirming bank（保兑银行）
International Trade Customs and Practices（国际贸易惯例）：International customs and practices are the habitual patterns rules and regulations recognized by international community. They are formed in long-term international communication and practice.
UK Bill of Exchange Act of 1882（汇票法）
US Uniform Commercial Code of 1952（统一商法典）
Correspondent Bank（关系银行）：When a local bank and a foreign bank provide agency rvices for each other under an agreement, the two banks become correspondent banks in international ttlement mutually.
Depository Bank（保管银行）
Non- depository Bank（非保管银行）
第二章
Bill of Exchange（汇票）：Bill of Exchange is “an unconditional order in writing, addresd by one person to another, signed by the person giving it, requiring the person to whom it is addresd to pay on demand or at a fixed or determinable future time a sum certain in money to or to the order of a specified person or to the bearer.”
Promissory Note（本票）：A promissory note is an unconditional promi in writing made by one person to another signed by the maker, engaging to pay, on demand or at a fixed or determinable future time, a sum certain in money, to, or to the order of, a specifie
d person or to bearer.
Cheque（支票）：it is “an bill of exchange drawn on a banker payable on demand” It is an unconditional order in writing, signed by the person giving it, requiring the banker to whom it is addresd to pay on demand a sum certain in money to, or to the order of, a specified person or to bearer.
Non-causative Nature（无因性）：means when the creditor exercis his right (ask the payer for payment), he needn’t indicates the payer the reason.
General acceptance（一般承兑）：It means the acceptor signs on the face of the draft, accepting the drawer’s order without restrictive statement
Qualified acceptance（条件承兑）：It means the acceptor signs on the face of the draft, using specific wording to change the effect after acceptance.
Dishonor（拒付）：Act of dishonor is a failure or refusal of acceptance or payment of a bill of exchange when prented.
