Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it's a necessary condition ___1___ many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your ___2___, in the wrong place often carries a high ___3___.
___4___, why do we trust at all? Well, becau it feels good. ___5___ people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains relea oxytocin, a hormone that ___6___ pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to ___7___ with one another. Scientists have found that exposure ___8___ this hormone puts us in a trusting ___9___: In a Swiss study, rearchers sprayed oxytocin into the nos of half the subjects; tho subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their ___10___ who inhaled something el.
___11___ for us, we also have a sixth n for dishonesty that may ___12___ us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate ___13___ a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each ___14___ to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What's in here?” before looking into the c
ontainer, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look ___15___. Half of them found a toy; the other half ___16___the container was empty-and realized the tester had ___17___ them.
Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were ___18___ to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. ___19___, only five of the 30 children paired with the "___20___" tester participated in a follow-up activity.
1. A. on B. like C. for D. from
2. A. faith B. concern C. attention D. interest
3. A. benefit B. debt C. hope D. price
4. A. Therefore B. Then C. Instead D. Again
5. A. Until B. Unless C. Although D. When
6. A. lects B. produces C. applies D. maintains
7. A. consult B. compete C. connect D. compare
8. A. at B. by C. of D. to
9. A. context B. mood C. period D. circle
10. A. counterparts B. substitutes C. colleagues D. supporters
11. A. Funny B. Lucky C. Odd D. Ironic
12. A .monitor B. protect C. surpri D. delight
13. A. between B. within C. toward D. over
14. A. transferred B. added C. introduced D. entrusted
15. A. out B. back C. around D. inside
16. A. discovered B. proved C. insisted D. remembered
17. A. betrayed B. wronged C. fooled D. mocked
18. A. forced B. willing C. hesitant D. entitled
19. A. In contrast B. As a result C. On the whole D. For instance
20. A. inflexible B. incapable C. unreliable D. unsuitable
1.【答案】C。解析：此处考查介词的用法。It’s a necessary condition ____ many worthwhile things (信任是一个必要条件_____许多重要事情) 此处应该是说，信任对许多重要事情来说是一个必要条件。C选项for(对...来说)符合语义，故为正确答案；D选项from(来自于)，B选项like(像...)，A选项on(关于)语义不恰当，故排除。
2.【答案】A。解析：此处考查词义辨析和中心一致性原则。第一段首句提出主题句：trust is a tricky business (信任是一个奇怪的东西)。后面进一步对该主题句进行解释说明：On the one hand, it’s a necessary condition ___ for ___ many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. (一方面，信任对许多重要事情来说是必要条件，比如照看孩子，友谊等)，这句话在说信任的好处。On the other hand, putting your ___ in the wrong place ofte
n carries a high ____. (另一方面，把...放在错误的地方往往会带来巨大...)，显然这句话依旧在解释主题词“trust”，只有A选项faith(信任、忠诚)与trust属于近义词复现，故正确答案为A。
3.【答案】D。解析：此处考查词义辨析。第一段首句提出主题句：trust is a tricky business(信任是一个奇怪的东西)。后面进一步对该主题句进行解释说明：On the one hand, it’s a necessary condition __ for __ many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. (一方面，信任对许多重要事情来说是必要条件，比如照看孩子，友谊等)，这句话在说信任的好处。On the other hand, putting your ___ in the wrong place often carries a high____. (另一方面，把...放在错误的地方往往会带来巨大...)，显然这句话依旧在解释主题词“trust”，并且根据空格所在句中的关键词“wrong place”，本句应该在说信任不当的弊端，所以空格处应该填入一个负向感情色彩的词，故benefit和hope排除，而debt(债务)带入之后语义不当，故正确答案为D. price(代价)。
4.【答案】B。解析：此处考查逻辑关系。上段讲述的是信任的好处和信任不当的弊端。第二段段首提出问题：“_____我们为什么要信任”。只有B选项then(那么)填入后能形成顺畅
的语义和逻辑关系。故正确答案为B。again(再次)表示强调；instead(但是、然而)表示转折；therefore(因此)表示结果，不符合要求，故排除。
5.【答案】D。解析：此处考查逻辑关系。空格所在句含义为：______人们信任一个人或一个组织机构，他们的大脑会释放催产素。只有D选项when(当……时候)填入后符合逻辑要求，故正确答案为D。其他三个选项unless(如果不)表条件，although(尽管)表让步，until(直到...)表时间，带入后均语义不通顺，故排除。
6.【答案】B。解析：此处考查动宾搭配问题。上文指出：When people place their trust in an …their brains relea oxytocin, a hormone.上文指出当人们产生信任感，大脑就会产生一种荷尔蒙，后面是定语从句，句内的动宾搭配，可推知这个荷尔蒙能产生令人愉悦的情绪，并且与后面的trigger同义复现，因此B. produce 正确。
7.【答案】C。解析：此处考查上下文信息照应题。上文讲到这种荷尔蒙能够激发一种群居本能，the herding instinct that leads sheep to flock together for safety and promote …with one another，这种本能有两个作用，并用and 连接，所以复现同义and 前面的flock together. 因此选择C. connect。
8.【答案】D。解析：此处考查上下语境下的名词介词搭配问题。根据上文的结论，下文实验展开分析，Swiss scientists have found that exposure to this hormone puts us….所以研究中要求受试者要先处于这种环境中，所以名词exposure to 构成搭配语义关系，表示“接触”的意思，因此选择to。
