复习题
二、阅读理解两篇, 选项写在答题卡相应位置。
One important part of para-linguistics is accent, which describes tho features of pronunciation that identify a person either geographically or socially. Each one of us speaks with an accent. It is not possible to do otherwi. Our accent quickly tells the listener where we come from, for unless we make a conscious effort to u another accent, we speak with the accent of tho with whom we grew up or prently live amongst.
Some studies have focud on stereotyping as a source of this linguistic prejudice against nonstandard forms. The speech of ethnic groups en as occupying a lower socio-economic position in American society was assd by members of higher status groups using mantic differential scales. Not only were the asssments broadly negative but also the mere assignment of an ethnic label to a particular speaker was sufficient to trigger a ste
reotyped respon. While speakers may vary in their own speech across dialect boundaries, often subconsciously, they were easily aware of slight differences in the speech of others. A form of linguistic prejudice emerges in that group may arbitrarily define their own speech as better than tho of others.
Indeed, a deeper process is going on. Judgments about standards of speech, dialects, and accents might appear to revolve around notions of esthetics, or even pragmatics, but the are only symbolic reprentations. At a deeper level, they are not only markers of social identity but also the process by which that identity is realized. Accents give us direct information about the speaker, even though the information we decipher is, not always accurate. Accents tend to reflect existing prejudices towards people we hear using them. All of us tend to judge each other in this way, whether it is a stereotypical respon—positive, negative or neutral—to the place where we assume a person is from, or a value we hold bad on our perception of that person’s status in society.
1. The author is convinced that accent is .
A. something we are born with
B. something that cannot be changed by people easily
C. something we cannot speak without unless we are acting
D. something we adopt from the current group with which we reside
2. The studies in the text em to indicate that people tend to .
A. u accent as the main way to judge others
B. criticize tho who accents are different from their own
C. think their own accent is superior and stereotype accents of others
D. have very little knowledge about what constitutes a standard accent
3. According to the text, the process of linguistic prejudice is deeper than it ems becau .
A. accents may be viewed as forms of social identity
B. accents are key ways to indicate class and prosperity
C. accents are typically most distinct among minority groups
D. there is really no one accent that should be thought of as superior
4. According to the text, people’s tendency to stereotype bad on accent is .
A. bad on our experiences with certain groups
B. bad on information about the person’s origin
C. reflective of the prejudices we hold
D. bad on the wrong interpretation of a person’s identity
5. The main idea of the text is that .
A. accents are unfortunately often ud to reinforce preexisting linguistic stereotypes
B. accents are ud to identify the social background of a speaker
C. accents are generally ud to form negative opinions of the speaker
D. we must stop discriminating against people due to accent
三、用下列所给单词或短语的正确形式填空,写在答题卡相应位置。
avoid; delay; negotiation; destination; obligation; amendment; guarantee; coordinate; impact; execute; transaction; transfer; transmit; practice; prent; communication; verify; reprent; procedure; approval.
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