发动机性能术语英汉对照（1）
Two-stroke cycle 二冲程循环
Four-stroke cycle 四冲程循环
Diel cycle 狄塞尔循环
Otto cycle 奥托循环
Mixed cycle 混合循环
Constant volume cycle 定容循环
Constant pressure cycle 等压循环
Working cycle 工作循环
Ideal cycle 理想循环
Thermodynamic cycle 热力循环
Stroke 冲程，行程
Piston stroke 活塞行程
Long stroke 长行程
Up stroke 上行程
Down stroke 下行程
Intake stroke 吸气行程
Charging stroke 充气行程
Compression stroke 压缩行程
Working stroke 工作行程
Explosion stroke 爆炸行程
Expansion stroke 膨胀行程
Power stroke 动力行程
Exhaust stroke 排气行程
Expansion-exchange stroke 膨胀-换气行程Exchange-compression stroke 换气-压缩行程Dead center 止点
Top dead center 上止点
Lower dead center 下止点
Before top dead center 上止点前
After top dead center 上止点后
Before bottom dead center 下止点前
After bottom dead center 下止点后Cylinder bore 缸径
Bore and stroke 缸径与冲程
Air-cell 空气室
Cylinder clearance volume 气缸余隙容积Combustion chamber volume 燃烧室容积Maximum cylinder volume 气缸最大容积Compression chamber 压缩室Displacement (swept volume) 排气量Engine displacement 发动机排量
Piston displacement 活塞排量Cylinder capacity 气缸容量
Single-chamber capacity 单室容量
Volumetry 容积法
Compression ratio 压缩比
Critical compression ratio 临界压缩比Expansion ratio 膨胀比
Surface to volume ratio 面容比
Stroke-bore ratio 行程-缸径比
Mixture ratio 混合比
Compression pressure 压缩压力
Brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) 制动平均有效压力
Air fuel ratio 空燃比
Fuel air ratio 燃空比
Fuel equivalence ratio 燃料当量比
Torque 扭矩
Power per cylinder 单缸功率
Power per liter 升功率
Torque per liter 升扭矩
Mass per liter 升质量
Derating power 减额功率
Output power 输出功率
Gross power 总功率
Net power 净功率
Fuel consumption 燃油消耗量
Specific fuel consumption 比燃料消耗量
Air consumption 空气消耗量
Oil consumption 机油消耗量
Rated power 额定功率
Brake power 制动功率
Brake thermal efficiency 制动热效率
Indicted thermal efficiency 指示热效率Overall efficiency 总效率
Smoke limiting power 排烟极限功率
Power curve 功率曲线
Mechanical loss 机械损失
Mechanical efficiency 机械效率
Effective thermal efficiency 有效热效率Volumetric efficiency 容积效率
Excess air coefficient 过量空气系数
Adaptive coefficient 适应性系数
Torque adaptive coefficient 扭矩适应性系数Speed adaptive coefficient 转速适应性系数Intensification coefficient 强化系数
Correction factor 校正系数
Conversion factor 换算系数
Mean piston speed 活塞平均速度
Engine speed 发动机速度
Idling speed 怠速转速
Economic speed 经济转速
Starting speed 起动转速
Lowest continuous speed with load 最低稳定工作转速
Lowest idling temperature 发动机怠速转动最低温度
Maximum torque speed 最大转矩转速Maximum noload governed speed 受控最高空转转速
Speed governing调速
Overspeed超速
Idling怠速
Speed fluctuation rate转速波动率
Working condition (operating condition)工况Rated working condition额定工况
Variable working condition变工况
Steady working condition稳定工况
No –load空载
Full load 全负荷
Over load 超负荷
Part load 部分负荷
Charge 充量（进气）
Direction of rotation 旋转方向
Clockwi 顺时针
Anticlockwi 逆时针
Left-hand rotation 左转
Right-hand rotation 右转
Major diameter 外径
Pitch diameter 中径
Minor diameter 内径
Radial clearance 径向间隙
Engine performance 发动机性能
Loading performance 加载性能
Starting performance 起动性能
Acceleration performance 加速性能
Power performance 动力性能
Emission performance 排放性能
No load characteristics 空转特性
Partial throttle characteristics 负荷特性Governor control characteristics 调速特性Mapping characteristics 万有特性
Steady-state speed governing rate 稳定调速率发动机性能专业术语英汉对照（2）
Working medium 工质
Practical cycle 实际循环
Firing order 点火次序
Timing 定时
Stroke-bore ratio 行程缸径比
Number of cylinders 气缸数
Piston area 活塞面积
Connecting rod length 连杆长度
Crank radius 曲柄半径
Crank radius-connecting rod length ratio 曲柄连杆比
Working medium volume 气缸体积
Piston swept volume 气缸工作体积
Effective piston swept volume 气缸有效工作体积
Cylinder clearance volume 气缸余隙体积Maximum cylinder volume 气缸最大体积Effective cylinder volume 气缸有效体积Engine swept volume 发动机排量
Engine cylinder volume 发动机气缸总体积Clearance 余隙高度
Injector protrusion 喷嘴端伸出量
Intake process 进气过程
Intake temperature 进气温度
Intake pressure 进气压力
Natural aspiration 自然进气
Stratified charge 层状充气
Intake advance angle 进气提前角
Intake lag angle 进气迟后角
Intake duration angle 进气持续角
Intake swirl 进气涡流
Intake turbulence 进气紊流
Helical duct intake 螺旋进气道进气Tangential duct intake 切向进气道进气Masked inlet valve intake 导流屏进气
Time-area value 时面值
Valve lift 气阀升程
Scavenging port area 气阀开度
Gas exchange process 换气过程
Scavenging process 扫气过程
Scavenging duration 扫气持续期
Scavenging pressure 扫气压力
Uniflow scavenging 直流扫气
Loop scavenging 回流扫气
Cross scavenging 横流扫气
Crankca scavenging 曲轴箱扫气Scavenging by blower 扫气泵扫气
Piston underside pump scavenging 活塞底泵扫气
Exhaust-pul scavenging 排气脉冲扫气Coefficient of scavenging 扫气系数
Trapping efficiency 扫气利用系数Scavenging efficiency 扫气效率
Coefficient of scavenging loss 扫气漏失系数Delivery ratio 给气比
Valve timing 配气定时
Valve overlap 气阀重叠
Swirl rate 涡流比
Compression process 压缩过程
Compression pressure 压缩压力Compression beginning pressure 压缩始点压力Compression beginning temperature 压缩始点温度
Compression end pressure without combustion 压缩终点压力
Compression end temperature without combustion 压缩终点温度
Fuel injection starting compression pressure 喷油始点压缩压力
Ignition starting compression pressure 着火始点压缩压力
Ratio of pressure ri 压力升高比
Effective compression ratio 有效压缩比
发动机性能专业术语英汉对照（3）
Polytropic index of compression 压缩多变指数Compression swirl 压缩涡流
Injection process 喷油过程
Direct injection 直接喷射
Indirect injection 间接喷射
Electronic-controlled injection 电控喷射
Fuel supply advance angle 供油提前角
Fuel injection advance angle 喷油提前角Injection lag 喷油延迟角
Injection duration 喷油持续角
Nozzle hole area 喷孔面积
Total area of nozzle holes 喷孔总面积
Ratio of nozzle hole length-nozzle hole diameter 喷孔长径比
Nozzle hole cone 喷孔锥体
Nozzle hole cone angle 喷孔锥角
Needle lift 针阀升程
Sac volume 针阀压力室体积
Retraction volume of delivery valve 出油阀卸载体积
Injection pressure 喷油压力
Injection starting pressure 启喷压力
Injection peak pressure 喷油峰值压力
Inject back pressure 喷油背压
Spray 喷注
Spray penetration 喷注贯穿距离
Spray penetration curve 喷注贯穿规律
Spray penetration ratio 喷注贯穿率
Fuel delivery per cycle per cylinder 循环喷油量Minimum fuel delivery per cycle per cylinder 最小循环喷油量
Fuel supply rate 供油率
Fuel injection rate 喷油率
Accumulated fuel delivery rate 累计喷油率Fuel supply rate curve 供油规律
Fuel injection rate curve 喷油规律
Fuel delivery curve at constant speed 喷油泵负荷特性
Fuel delivery curve at fixed rack 喷油泵速度特性
Nozzle flow characteristic 喷嘴流通特性Nozzle hydrokinetic characteristic 喷嘴液力特性Spray characteristic 喷雾特性
Spray cone angle 喷雾锥角
Atomization 雾化
Sauter mean diameter (SMD) 索特平均直径Abnormal injection 异常喷油
Secondary injection 二次喷油
Fluctuating injection 波动喷油
Intermittent injection 间断喷油
Disorder injection 不齐喷油
Nozzle dribbing 喷油滴漏
Mixture formation process 混合气形成过程Mixture concentration 混合气浓度
Mixture ratio 混合比
Volumetric mixture ratio 体积混合比
Mole mixture ratio 摩尔混合比
Theoretical mixture ratio 理论混合比Theoretical mixture gas 理论混合气
Film mixture 油膜混合
Combustible mixture 可燃混合气
Total air-fuel ratio 总空燃比
Total excess air ratio 总过量空气系数
Air untilization ratio 空气利用系数
Chamber mixture 雾化混合
Compound mixture 复合混合
Peripheral mixture 周边混合
Thermo-mixture effect 热混合效应
Thermo-hamper effect 热束缚效应
Micro swirl 微涡流
发动机性能专业术语英汉对照（4）
Combustion chamber 燃烧室
Divided combustion chamber 分开式燃烧室Semi-open combustion chamber 半开式燃烧室Open combustion chamber 开式燃烧室
Direct injection combustion chamber 直喷式燃烧室
Piston chamber 活塞顶内燃烧室
M-process chamber 球型燃烧室
Basin shaped combustion chamber 盆形燃烧室Swirl combustion chamber 涡流燃烧室Prechamber 预燃燃烧室
Pre-swirl combustion chamber 涡流预燃室Heat-rerve combustion chamber 储能燃烧室Main combustion chamber 主燃室
Subsidiary combustion chamber 副燃室
L-combustion chamber L形燃烧室
Wedge shaped combustion chamber 楔型燃烧室Bathtub shaped combustion chamber 盆形燃烧室Hemispherical combustion chamber 半球形燃烧室
Volume ratio of combustion chamber 燃烧室体积比
Calibre ratio of combustion chamber 燃烧室口径比Surface-volume ratio of combustion chamber 燃烧室面容比
Area ratio of combustion chamber passage 燃烧室通道面积比
Ignition 着火
Ignition process 着火过程
Ignition temperature 着火温度Compression ignition 压燃
Spark ignition 点燃
Cold flame 冷焰
Blue flame 蓝焰
Hot flame 热焰
Pre-flame reaction 焰前反应
Chain reaction 链反应
Pre-mixing combustion 预混合燃烧
Diffusion combustion 扩散燃烧
Lean mixture combustion 稀薄燃烧
Stratified combustion 层状燃烧
Ignition delay period 滞燃期
Rapid combustion period 速燃期
Main combustion period 主燃期
Normal combustion period 缓燃期
After combustion period 后燃期Combustion duration 燃烧持续期
Heat relea beginning 放热始点
Heat relea end 放热终点
Duration of heat relea 放热持续期Combustion rate 燃烧率
Heat relea rate 放热率
Heat relea rate curve 放热规律
Heat utilization ratio 热量利用率
Spark advance angle 点火提前角
Spark lag 点火延迟
Pre-ignition 早燃
Surface ignition 热面点火
Miss-fire 失火
Back fire 回火
Flame propagation velocity 火焰传播速度Detonation 爆燃
Squish area 挤气面积
Quench effect 冷激效应
Combustion swirl 燃烧涡流
Squish swirl 挤压涡流
Anti-squish swirl 反挤压涡流
Maximum combustion pressure 最高燃烧压力Maximum combustion temperature 最高燃烧温度
Pressure ri rate 压力升高率
发动机性能专业术语英汉对照（5）
Alternative fuel 代用燃料
Emulsified fuel 乳化燃料
Main fuel 主燃料
Pilot-ignition fuel 引燃燃料
Basic fuel 基础燃料
Lower calorfic value of fuel 燃料低热值Cetane number 十六烷值
Octane number 辛烷值
Antiknock quality index 抗爆指数
Antiknock nsitivity 抗爆敏感度
Antiknock quality 抗爆性
Polytropic index of expansion 膨胀多变指数Coefficient of molecular change 分子变更系数Initial exhaust 先期排气
Free exhaust 自由排气
Forced exhaust 强制排气
Supercritical exhaust 超临界排气
Subcritical exhaust 亚临界排气
Exhaust advance angle 排气提前角
Exhaust lag angle 排气迟后角
Exhaust duration 排气持续期
Exhaust pressure 排气压力
Exhaust back pressure 排气背压
Exhaust temperature 排气温度
Residual gas 残余废气
Coefficient of residual gas 残余废气系数Exhaust purification 排气净化
Poisonous exhaust composition 排气有害万分Emission 排放物
Concentration of emission 排放浓度Emission rate 排放分数
Exhaust pollution 排气污染
Exhaust smoke 排气烟度
Soot 黑烟
Exhaust particulate 排气微粒
Exhaust gas recirculation 废气再循环Indicated work 指示功
Indicated power 批示功率Mean indicated pressure 平均指示压力Indicated thermal efficiency 指示热效率Indicated specific fuel consumption 指示油耗率Indicated specific energy consumption 指示能耗率
Indicator diagram 示功图
Motoring indicator diagram 拖动示功图
Low pressure indicator diagram 低压示功图Heat balance 热平衡
Exhaust heat loss 排气热损失
Cooling heat loss 冷却热损失
Remainder heat loss 余项热损失Supercharging 增压
Supercharging level 增压度
Pressure ratio 增压比
Boost pressure 增压压力
Low pressure-charging 低增压
Medium pressure-charging 中增压
High pressure-charging 高增压
Super high pressure-charging 超高增压Mechanical supercharging 机械增压
Turbo-charging 废气涡轮增压
Combined supercharging 复合增压
Pul turbo-charging 脉冲增压
Constant-pressure turbo-charging 定压增压Inertia supercharging 惯性增压
Intake fluctuation effect supercharging 气波增压器增压
Two stage supercharging 两级增压
发动机性能专业术语英汉对照（6）
pul converter supercharging 脉冲转换增压quential turbocharging 相继涡轮增压
tuned intake supercharging 谐波增压modular pul converter supercharging 模件式脉冲转换增压
inter-cooling 增压中冷
inter-cooling level 中冷度
exhaust expansion ratio through turbine 涡轮膨胀比
equivalent area of turbine nozzle 涡轮当量喷嘴面积
surge 喘振
surge line 喘振线
