Unit 4
Listening and speaking
Pronunciation and listening skills
Scripts
Her name is Mary.↘The speaker doesn’t believe it.
Her name is Mary.↗The speaker has mentioned the name veral times and become
impatient.
Her name is Mary.∨The speaker states clearly that she is Mary.
Her name is Mary.∧The speaker didn’t hear the name and wants the name to be repeated.
News report
Scripts
In recent years, the Palace Muum culture has become a hit. “Discover the Forbidden City” is an interactive experience sponsored by China Cultural Centre in Sydney and the Palace Muum. As part of the experience, cultural communication activities were held at four local schools in Sydney from November 21 to November 22. They aimed to increa local students’ understanding of Chine culture.
At the events, two lecturers introduced the cultural resources in the Palace Muum in English. After the introduction, crafting activities including adding color to pictures shaped like dragon robes became the highlights of the event.
Australia is the fourth station of the interactive experience tour following Malta, Singapore and Thailand. The Palace Muum will continue to organize more interactive activities to promote its collections and Chine culture.
Keys
1 C
2 C
3 D
Conversation
Scripts
Alice: Hey, Li Lei. Andrew and I have been invited to a Chine home for dinner. We wonder what gifts to take.
Li Lei: What do you have in mind?
Alice:I’m thinking about some decorations, such as flowers, a clock, and …
Li Lei: Han g on, did you say “clock”? Uh, actually we don’t give clocks as prents, especially to older people.
Alice:Do you mean it’s a bad idea to give clocks as prents? But why?
Li Lei: Well, they have a funeral connotation in China.
Alice: Can you explain that?
Li Lei:The Chine pronunciati寄养的狗
on of “clock” is the same with that of “end”. The latter one usually suggests a person’s death. So prenting a clock as a gift is a taboo.
Alice: I e. Thanks for your advice.
Li Lei:You’re welcome!
Keys
1
1 F
2 T
3 F
2
☑1Hang on, did you say …?
☑3Do you mean …?
☑5 Can you explain that?
3
S ample conversations
Situation 1
Lily: Hi, John. I am planning to visit Beijing, and this is my first time. I was wondering if you could tell me something about Beijing since you have been there before.
John:Sure. It’s my pleasure.
Lily:What is the weather like there?
John: It’s usually very cold and dry in winter. You should bring a down coat with you. And there are so many beautiful scenic spots in Bei jing. You’d better plan out in advance.
Lily: Could you be more specific?
John: Before you go to visit the scenic spots, you should get to know the route and the means of tran
sportation the day before. It will save you time. You can also gather some information about the places you’re going to visit.
Lily: I e. Thank you.
Situation 2
Sammy:Stacey, I’m very interested in tennis lately and I want to learn how to play it. Could you plea tell me something about it?
Stacey: Sure. What do you want to know?
Sammy: I would like to know the basic rules in playing tennis.
Stacey: The overall goal of tennis is to gain points to win games (局), ts (盘), and matches. A player wins a t when he wins six games, provided he is ahead of his opponent by two games.
Sammy: Would you elaborate on that?
Stacey: If the difference between the players is less than two games, the game may continue till either wins the t by a margin of two.
Sammy: I e. Thanks for the information.
Stacey:You’re welcome.
Passage
Scripts
Customs are often different from country to country. Take greeting for example. When people meet each other for the first time in England, they say “How do you do?” and shake hands. They, however, don’t do so if they e each other regularly. Differently, Germans are great hand-shakers.
People have known that it is helpful to learn some of the customs of other countrwps制作表格
ies before going abroad. But sometimes funny stories still happen. Last year, a group of German students went to England for a holiday. Their teacher told them that the English people hardly shake hands. So when they met their English frien鱼塘养鱼知识
ds at the station, they kept their hands behind their backs. The English students, however, had learned that the Germans shake hands as often as possible, so they put their hands in front and got ready to shake hands with them. It made both of them laugh.
Keys
1
1 B
2 C
2
1 T
2 F
3 F
4 F
Reading
Passage A
Language points
1. … if you travel，you e new customs, meet new people, eat new food, do new things, and come back home more broad-minded. (Para. 1)
broad-minded: a. willing to listen to other people’s opini ons and accept behavior that is different from your own 心胸开阔的
[Note] 后缀-minded 可放在一些形容词后构成新的形容词，表示“具有某种特点的；持有某种态度或观点的”。如：narrow + minded = narrow-minded 心胸狭隘的，气量小的；abnt + minded = abnt-minded 心不在焉的，健忘的。
2. Not as good as ours, mind you, but they were acceptable. (Para. 2)
[Note] mind you用作插入语，意为“请注意”。
< They provide a good rvice. Mind you, they charge enough for it.
3. I had fried eggs and chips, but it takes quite an effort to get the French to make them. (Para. 2)
quite a / an / some: ud before a noun for emphasizing that sth. is unusual or interesting （后接名词表示强调）相当（不寻常或有趣）
< Kobe Bryant was quite a good basketball player.
[Note] 句中it 为形式主语，to get the French to make them为逻辑主语。
4. And do you know, they insisted that it was marmalade? (Para. 2)
insist:v. to say firmly and repeatedly that sth. is true, esp. when other people think it may not be
true 坚称；坚决认为
< Ben insisted that he was right.
Jenny’s friends insisted she had tried her best.
5. I thought it uless to explain that we borrowed the word “marmalade” from French, and that it means, in that language, any kind of jam. (Para. 3)
[Note] 我们有时可以用it作为先行宾语。如果动词的宾语是动清淡的汤类有哪些
词不定式词组或从句，并带有形容词或名词补语，就用it作先行宾语。该结构为“主语+ 动词+ it + 补语+ 动词不定式/ 从句”。可以构成该结构的动词有find、make、feel、consider、regard等。
< Do you find it worthwhile to create a new platform?
The boss didn’t feel it necessary to mention this to his employees.
[Note] 不定式to explain 后面跟了两个由that引导的宾语从句。
6. He had gone to France determined to live there exactly as if he were in England and had judged it entirely from his own English viewpoint. (Para. 3)
[Note] determined to do sth.意为“决心做某事”。
< This football team was determined to win the game.
[Note] from sb’s own viewpoint意为“从某人的角度考虑”。
< The experienced headmaster told the young teacher to think of the problem from the child’s
viewpoint.
7. People of all different races, in all foreign countries, can be found judging what they e, hear, taste, and smell according to their own habits and customs. (Para. 4)
[Note] 介词短语of all different races和in all foreign countries为后置定语，修饰people。
[Note] be found doing sth.表示“被发现正在做某事或处于某种状态”。
< The art student was found trying to copy the statue.
[Note] judging为现在分词作主语补足语。
8. People who have read a lot about foreign countries tend to be more ready to accept and adjust to foreign things … (Para. 4)
[Note] adjust to sth.意为“适应某事物；习惯某事物”。
< It took the old lady veral conds to adjust to the darkness.
9. But actual physical contact with things one is not ud to is much more difficult to bear. (Para. 4)
be / get ud to (doing) sth.: to have experienced sth., so that it doe湖南美食
s not em surprising, difficult,
strange etc. anymore 习惯于（某事物）
< I go to school by bus every day, so I’m ud to it.
[Note] 本句中one is not ud to为定语从句，先行词是things。引导定语从句的关系代词that 被省略了。关系代词who、whom、which和that在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可以省略。
< Who is the man (that / who / whom) you were talking to?
Is there anything (that) you wanted?
10. Physical differences, however, are not so difficult to adapt to as religious and ethical ones. (Para.
5)
not so ... (as): ud for saying that one person or thing has less of a particular quality than another 不如……
< The idea is not so perfect as it sounds.
The situation is not so bad as has been described.
[Note] adapt to意为“适应”。
< Most students have little difficulty adapting to college life.
11. When a foreigner offers an Indonesian something with his left hand, or holds out his left hand
to take something he is being offered, the Indonesian may explain this action rationally as arising from a difference in custom, but the deep prejudice against the u of the left hand, which they have been lectured about over and over again since they were young, will not be so easily done away with. (Para. 5)
over and over (again): repeatedly 再三地，反复地
< The weight lifter had to lift different weights and do it over and over again.
do away with: to get rid of sth. 摆脱；废除
< The doctor suggested the man do away with the bad habits that might damage his health.
[Note] explai n … as …意为“把……解释为”。
< The student explained h一粒扣子
is abnce from class as a result of a traffic jam.
[Note] ari from / out of: 意为“由……引起；由……产生”。
< Accidents ari from carelessness.
[Note] prejudice against sth. / sb.: 对某事物/ 某人的偏见
< They accud him of having a prejudice against his women employees.
12. There are some travelers who adapt so successfully to foreign customs and habits that they are
often verely criticized by their more stubborn fellow countrymen. (Para. 6)
[Note] so … that …意为“如此……以至于……”。so后跟形容词或副词，that引导结果状
