Lecture 2第二讲9种对话常含句式
四级听力短对话中经常会涉及表示转折、虚拟、比较或建议等的特殊句式，能否正确理解这些句式往往就是能否解答该题的关键。因此，熟悉和掌握考试中常见的特殊句式，将有助于考生更加快速、准确地抓住关键信息。
一、 转折句式
转折句式一般先说明原本的意图或情势，然后经but等词进行转折来说明后来的实际想法或事实结果。设题点往往在but等转折词之后。
1．but转折
【例1】 （11-6-12）
［A］ Jane may be caught in a traffic jam.
［B］ Jane should have started a little earlier.
［C］ He knows what sort of person Jane is.
［D］ He is irritated at having to wait for Jane.
W: I wish Jane would call when she knows shell be late. This is not t晚上英文
he first time weve had to wait for her.
M: I agree. But she does have to drive through very heavy traffic to get here.
Q: What does the man imply?
【解析】观点态度题。本题考查对but转折句式的理解。对话中女士提到，这已经不是Jane第一次让她们久等了，男生表示认同，接着用转折句式表示Jane到这好听的轻音乐
里的确要经过交通拥堵的路段，由此可知，男生推断Jane迟到可能是因为在路上遇到了堵车，故答案为［A］。2．though, yet, however等其他转折
【例2】 （06-6-10）
［A］ Jimmy is not rious in making decisions.
［B］ Jimmy is rich enough to buy a big hou.
［C］ Jim战斗片电视剧
mys words are ofte挽联大全
n not reliable.
［D］ Jimmy will regret marrying a Frenchwoman.
W: Jimmy said that he was going to marry a rich French business woman.
M: Dont be so sure. He once told me that he had bought a big hou, yet he is still sharing an apartment with Mark.
Q: What does the man imply?
【解析】观点态度题。女士说Jimmy告诉她说他要娶一位富有的French business&nbs情侣网名简单
p; woman，男士话中的Dont be so sure（别这么确定）表明他并不相信Jimmy的话，并解释说He once…yet he is still sharing an apartment with Mark（Jimmy曾说自己买了一处豪宅，但实际上他仍和Mark同住一所公寓），由此可知，Jimmy爱说大话，即他的话not reliable，故答案为［C］。
二、 虚拟句式
1．if虚拟条件句 虚拟条件句，又称非真实条件句，它所表示的假设是根本不可能或不太可能发生的事情。
主、从句谓语的基本形式如下：
表示时间if从句谓语形式主句谓语形式与现在事实相反were/didwould/should/might/could +be/do与过去事实相反had been/had donewould/should/might/could+have been/have done与将来事实相反should/were to +be/dowould/should/might/could +be/do
【例3】 （10-6-15）
［A］ He understands the womans feelings.
［B］ He has gone through a similar experience.
［C］ The woman should have gone on the field trip.
［D］ The teacher is just following the regulations.
W: I was so angry yesterday! My biology teacher did not even let me explain why I misd the field trip. He just wouldnt let me pass!
M: That doesnt em fair. Id feel that way too if I were you.
Q: What does the man imply?
【解析】观点态度题。本题考查对虚拟句式的理解。女士向男士抱怨说她的生物老师不听她解释为什么她没有去实地见习(field trip)，就直接给了她一个不及格，男士通过虚拟句式“如果我是你，我也会有同感”表示，他十分理解女士的感受，故答案为［A］。
2.wish后的虚拟语气动词wish后的宾语从句一般使用虚拟语气，表示不太可能或没有把握实现的愿望。宾语从句的谓语动词主要有三种形式：表示对现在的愿望，用were或动词的过去式；表示对过去的愿望，用“had+过去分词”或“would/should/could/might have+过去分词”；表示对将来的愿望，用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。
【例4】（07-6-13）
［A］ The man regrets being abntminded.
［B］ The woman saved the man some trouble.
［C］ The man placed the reading list on a desk.
［D］ The woman emptied the waste paper basket.
M: I wish I hadnt thrown away that reading list!
W: I thought you might regret it. Thats why I picked it up from the waste paper basket and left it on the desk.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
【解析】事实状况题。男士通过虚拟句式I wish I hadnt thrown…!（我真希望我没有…！）表示他很后悔扔了那张reading list，女士则说她想到男士可能会后悔，所以她当时又把那张单子捡回来了，由此可知女士saved the man some trouble，故答案为［B］。
3.I thought…表示“原以为…”，但事实并非如此。
【例5】 （95-6-9）
［A］ Five lessons.
［B］ Three lessons.
［C］ Twelve lessons.
［D］ Fifteen lessons.
W: Professor Clark said that the midterm exam would cover the first 15 lessons.
M: Really? I thought it only included the first 12 lessons. Then I must spend the weekend to go over the rest of the lessons.
Q: How many lessons must the man review over the weekend?
【解析】数字信息题。男士通过虚拟句式I thought it only included…（我原以为只包含…）表明自己只复习了12课，但考试范围是15课，所以男士还必须再复习three lessons，故答案为［B］。
4.if only后的虚拟语气if only后面的句子常用虚拟语气，表达对无法实现的愿望的一种感叹或惋惜，常译为“要是…就好了！”。句子的谓语余秋雨散文集
动词主要有三种形式：表示对现在的愿望，用were或动词的过去式；表示对过去的愿望，用“had+过去分词”或“could have+过去分词”；表示对将来的愿望，用“would+动词原形”。
【例6】（06-6-1）
［A］ They enjoyed the party better than the other guests.
［B］ They knew none of the other guests at the party.
［C］ They didnt think much of the food and drinks.
［D］ They went a long way to attend the party.
M: I think the hostess really went out of her way to make the party a success.
W: Yes. The food and drinks were great. But if only we had known a few of the other guests.
Q: What did the two speakers say about the party?
【解析】事实状况题。对话中女士通过虚拟语气if only we had known…（要是我们认识几个其他的客人就好了）来表达心愿未遂的遗憾，其中隐含的事实是“他们不认识其他客人”，故答案为［B］。
