中英对照：清明节相关词汇Chine-English edition:Tomb Sweeping Day related vocabulary
追终慎远，寄托哀思，清明节来临之际，我们都在用自己的方式表达对已故亲人的思念之情。古人过清明节要祭扫先祖、踏青游玩、植柳驱鬼，而如今炒鸡蛋做法
的清明节人们又发明出了网上悼念等既经济又环保的新形式。让我们来看看和清明节有关的英文表达吧。
Ching Ming Festival/Grave-Sweeping Day清明节
Cold Food Festival寒食节
day of sacrifice祭祀节日
offer sacrifices to ancestors祭祖/上供
online tomb-sweeping网上祭扫
Internet memorial网络纪念馆
condolence哀悼之情
hell note/joss paper纸钱
funeral supplies/products殡葬用品
funeral rvices殡葬服务业
mortician殡仪业者
burn incen焚香
tomb-sweeping扫墓
tomb sweeper扫墓的人
kite flying放风筝
spring outing踏青
god's lantern神灯
memorial tablet纪念碑
willow branches inrted on each gate门旁插柳
online funeral网上葬礼
online tribute网上悼念
cremation urn骨灰盒
mourning ceremony哀悼仪式
inhumation土葬
cremation火葬
a-burial海葬
boat-coffin burial船棺葬
tree burial树葬
celestial burial天葬
flower burials花葬
national mourning全国哀悼
national mourning day全国哀悼日
filial piety孝顺孝心
Day of the Dead(亡灵节，墨西哥传统节日，人们通过守灵、上供等方式祭奠逝去的亲人。
中国传统节日清明节有哪些习俗The Chine traditional festival Tomb Sweeping Day has which customs
公历四月五日前后为清明节，是二十四节气之一。在二十四个节气中，既是节气又是节日的只有清明。清明节是我国传统节日，也是最重要的祭祀节日。按照旧的习俗，祭祀（扫墓）时，人们要携带酒食果品、纸钱等物品到墓地，将食物供祭在亲人墓前，再将纸钱焚化，为坟墓培上新土，折几枝嫩绿的新枝插妈妈的话
在坟上，然后叩头行礼祭拜，最后吃掉酒食回家。
清明节，又叫踏青节，正是春光明媚草木吐绿的时节，也正是人们春游的好时候，所以古人有清明踏青，并开展一系列体育活动的的习俗。直到今天，清明节祭拜祖先，悼念已逝的亲人的习俗仍很盛行。
Celebrated two weeks after the vernal equinox,Tomb Sweeping Day is one of the few traditional Chine holidays that follows the solar calendar--typically falling on April4,5,or6.
Its Chine name"Qing Ming"literally means"Clear Brightness,"hinting at its importance as a celebration of Spring.Similar to the spring festivals of other cultures,Tomb Sweeping D徐百九
ay celebrates the rebirth of nature,while marking the beginning of the planting ason and other outdoor activities.
*Qing Ming Jie in Ancient Times
In ancient times,people celebrated Qing Ming Jie with da美甲图片款式
ncing,singing,picnics,and kite flying. Colored boiled eggs would be broken to symbolize the opening of life.In the capital,the Emperor would plant trees on the palace grounds to celebrate the renewing nature of spring.In the villages, young men and women would court each other.
*The Tomb Sweeping Day as Celebrated Today
With the passing of time,this celebration of life became a day to the honor past ancestors. Following folk religion,the Chine believed that the spirits of decead ancestors looked after th美国模式
e family.Sacrifices of food and spirit money could keep them happy,and the family would prosper through good harvests and more children.
Today,Chine visit their family graves to tend to any underbrush that has grown.Weeds are pulled,and dirt swept away,and the family will t out offerings of food and spirit money.Unlike the sacrifices at a family's home altar,the offerings at the tomb usually consist of dry,bland food. One theory is that since any number of ghosts rome around a grave area,the less appealing food will be consumed by the ancestors,and not be plundered by strangers.
*Honoring Ancestors
Honoring ancestors begins with proper positioning of a gravesite and coffin.Experts in feng shui, or geomancy,determine the quality of land by the surrounding aspects of streams,rivers,trees, hills,and so forth.An area that faces south,with groves of pine trees creates the best flow of cosmic energy required to keep ancestors happy.Unfortunately,nowadays,with China's burgeoning population,public cemetaries have quickly surplanted private gravesites.Family elders will visit the gravesite at least once a year to tend to the tombs.
While bland food is placed by the tombs on Qing Ming Jie,the Chine regularly provide scrumptious offerings to their ancestors at altar tables in their homes.The food usually consists of chicken,eggs,or other dishes a decead ancestor was fond of.Accompanied by rice,the dishes and eating utensils are carefully arranged so as to bring good luck.Sometimes,a family will put burning incen with the offering so as to expedite the transfer of nutritious elements to the ancestors.In some parts of China,the food is then eaten by the entire family.
*Kites
Besides the traditions of honoring the dead,people also often fly kits on Tomb Sweeping Day. Kites can come in all kinds of shapes,sizes,and colors.Designs could include frogs,dragonflies, butterflies,crabs,bats,and storks.
（内容来源：英语点津）
清明节的来源与习俗双语版Source and custom of the Tomb Sweeping Day bilingual version
唐朝著名诗人杜牧有一首著名的诗，描述了四月初令人伤感的一幕场景：“清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂。”每年4月4-6日左右的清明节是传统的扫墓的日子。在这一天，人们祭吊去世的亲人，到先人的坟头上扫墓。
A well-known poem by Tang Dynasty writer Du Mu tells of a sad scene in early April:"rains fall heavily as Qingming comes,and pasrs-by with lowered spirits go."Qingming Day,the traditional tomb-sweeping day,falls on中国十大美容产品
April4-6each year.It is a time for remembering loved ones who have departed.People visit their ancestors'graves to sweep away the dirt.
唐朝著名诗人杜牧有一首著名的诗，描述了四月初令人伤感的一幕场景：“清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂。”每年4月4-6日左右的清明节是传统的扫墓的日子。在这一天，人们祭吊去世的亲人，到先人的坟头上扫墓。
Its origin dates back to the Spring and Autumn Period.Jin prince Chong'er ran away from the country with his supporters due to percution.They were homeless for19years and things got so bad that Chong'er began to starve to death.One of the prince's faithful followers,Jie Zitui,cut a piece of muscle from his own leg and rved it to his master.Chong'er was saved and,in636BC, he took back the throne.
清明节可以追溯到春秋时代。晋国公子重耳因受到迫害，率其支持者出逃。19年间，他们居无定所，漂泊四方。一次，他们的处境相当窘迫，重耳饿得快不行了。这时，忠心耿耿的介子推从自己的腿上割下一块肉献给了重耳，公子重耳得救了。公元前636年，他夺回了王位。
He rewarded the officials who had stayed loyal to him but he forgot about Jie Zitui.By the time Chong'er创新的英语
remembered him,a heartbroken Jie Zitui had traveled deep into the mountains. Chong'er wanted to persuade Jie to come home,so he 流浪地球读后感
had the hills t on fire.But Jie was later found beside a large tree,with his old mother on his back.Both were dead.
即位之后，重耳对支持者大加封赏，却忘记了介子退。等到想起这位忠臣时，伤心的介子推早已遁入山林深处。重耳想逼他回来，所以就大火焚山。后来，在一棵大树旁边发现了背着老母的介子推。两人都被烧死了。
Saddened by the tragedy,Chong'er ordered that fires could not be lit on the day of Jie Zitui's death.From this comes Hanshi Day,or Cold Food Day.People visited Jie Zitui's tomb the next day to pay their respects.Over time,Hanshi Day was replaced with tomb-sweeping day.
重耳悲痛欲绝。他下令，在介子推的忌日不准生火。寒食节即来源于此。寒食节的次日，人们到介子推的坟头上致敬。
