牛津英语模块3unit3单词详解
1．Civilization
It is generally accepted that the Chine civilization is one of the oldest in the world.
普遍认为中国文化是世界最古老的文化之一
Chine civilization European civilization world civilization
.2 lecture
(1)n.演讲，讲课
give/deliver a lecture to sb. on sth.关于某事进行演讲
have a lecture 听演讲go to a lecture去听演讲
The famous professor delivered a lecture on how to protect the environment.
(2)v.作演讲，讲课
Mr.Smith is lecturing on Russian literature
3 take over接管
In 89BC，the Romans took over Pompeii.
Our chairman has left, so Peter will take over his job from him.我们的主席走了,彼特将接任他的工作.
take sb. in欺骗take sth. in 理解e
take on 呈现take off 起飞, 脱下take up占据,着手处理take charge take away 拿走take out 拿出
take place take…for.. 把…误认为
When did you take up Japane as a cond foreign language.你什么时间开始选修日语作为第二日语的?
.3unfortunately 位于句首，作状语，用来修饰整个句子。
Luckily, frankly, obviously, exactly, honestly, 小迷妹是什么意思
generally产前
, certainly, fortunately
Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive after the vocalno erupted..不幸的是,火山爆发后所有的人都被活埋了
.4bury (vt)埋葬,安葬,埋burial n 埋葬
He was buried in his hometown.他被埋葬在他的故乡
The hou was buried under snow.房子被埋在雪下.
be buried in =bury onelf in 埋头于…，专心于…
Jean always buried himlf in his work.简总是埋头工作。
Bury onelf in the country.隐居
She buried her face in her hands andcried.她双手掩面哭了起来。
1）______ (bury) himlf in novel, he didn’t notice me coming in.
2) _______ (bury) in novel, he didn’t notice me coming in.
5. destroy指彻底毁灭或破坏,以至于不能修复,有时可用于比喻义
The terrible earthquake destroyed the whole city.
They have destroyed all the evidence.
destroy one’s hopes, career, reputation毁掉某人的希望，事业，名誉destruction 毁灭，破坏
Damage
Un 损害,损失do damage to 对…造成损坏
The storm did a lot of damage to the crops.这场暴风雨给庄稼带来了巨大的损失. Damages赔偿金
She got a lot of damages from the insurance after het husband died.
她丈夫死后她从保险公司得到了很多赔偿金.
V 指车辆.房屋.庄稼等事物的受伤或毁坏,但往往可以修复
A large number of buildings were damaged in the earthquake.
Smoking has riously damaged hid health.
对：The destroyed car can be sold as waste iron
错：The damaged car can be sold as waste iron .
Ruin
Un 毁坏,破坏. Ruins废墟,遗迹
An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.地震使整个小镇处在废墟中.
fall into ruins 变成废墟（be ）in ruins成为废墟
the ruins of Rome古罗马遗迹
bring sb to ruin毁灭
come/go to ruin毁灭,崩溃
v毁灭,毁坏,,弄坏,糟蹋,破坏方式不一定很粗暴,也可指对健康,事业的毁坏
the sudden storm ruined the crops. 暴风雨把庄稼毁了。
What he did and said ruined the party last night.
The grand city are now lying in ruins.
Damage destroy ruin
All hous were _____in the flood
His hou was completely________.so the farmer decided to build a new one.
He has ____his health through drinking.
The building is in_________
7. remain
(1)vi.停留，留下，剩下
A few flowers still remained on the tree.
Much remained to be ttled.
(2) v. 依旧，仍然是（后面可接形容词，名词，分词和介词短语）
The man remained modest and polite after he was elected minister.
Mr.Smith became an engineer but his brother remained a worker.
We will remain in contact with them.
She remained crying after I comforted her.
(3)remaining adj. 剩下的，剩余的remains n.遗迹，遗址，遗体
1.Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will ______ fresh for veral days.
A. be stayed
B. stay
C.be staying
D. have stayed
2.Although he has taken a lot of medicine,his health____
Poor. A. proves B. remains C. inues
8. paint
v.①在某物上涂颜料或油漆
paint a hou blue
②画画描绘
The girl is good at painting landscapes.
I want to have the table ___painted yellow_________(漆成黄色)
Why not paint the door in different colors
（把门漆成不同的颜色)
Enormous
An enormous hou/amount of time/money/information巨大的房子/大量的时间/钱/信息The problems facing the president is enormous.总统面临的问题是巨大的.
9.heat heated激烈的heatedly 激烈地
(1)①.高温，热
This fire doesn’t give out much heat.(名词)
(2) If _heated______ (加热),water can turn into steam.(动词)
10. drive
迫使某人行动或进入某一状态drive sb. mad/out of sb’s mind将某人逼疯/使某人丧失理智Drive sb to work hard 迫使某人拼命干活
Drive sb into a corner逼得某人走投无路
The loud noi of the pe ople in the street almost drove me mad.街上人们的喧闹声几乎使我发疯.
He was driven by hunger to steal.他因饥饿而被迫偷窃.
=Hunger drove him to steal.
(2) 趋赶
The farmer is driving many sheep to market.那位农民正把羊赶到市场去
The Chine people drove their enemies out of their country.中国人民把敌人从自己的国土上赶了出去.
(3) n.乘车之行an hour’s drive一个小时的开车路程.
let’s go out for a drive.我们出去开车兜兜风吧
(c )The horrible noi from the man’s room simply_____ me mad.
