The protagonist of Hamlet is Prince Hamlet of Denmark, son of decead King Hamlet and his wife, Queen Gertrude.
The story opens on a chilly night at Elsinore, the Danish royal castle. Francisco, one of the ntinels, is relieved of his watch by Bernardo, another ntinel, and exits while Bernardo remains. A third ntinel, Marcellus, enters with Horatio, Hamlet's best friend. The ntinels inform Horatio that they have en a ghost that looks like the dead King Hamlet. After hearing from Horatio of the Ghost's appearance, Hamlet resolves to e the Ghost himlf. That night, the Ghost appears again. It leads Hamlet to a cluded place, claims that it is the actual spirit of his father, and disclos that he—the elder Hamlet—was murdered by Claudius' pouring poison in his ear. The Ghost demands that Hamlet avenge him; Hamlet agrees, swears his companions to crecy, and tells them he intends to "put an antic disposition on"[7] (presumably to avert suspici虾的营养
on). Hamlet initially attests to the ghost's reliability, calling him both an "honest ghost" and "truepenny." Later, however, he express doubts about the g财政局工作总结
host's nature and intent, claiming the as reasons for his inaction.
Polonius is Claudius' trusted chief counllor; Polonius's son, Laertes, is returning to France, and Polonius's daughter, Ophelia, is courted by Hamlet. Both Polonius and Laertes warn Ophelia that Hamlet is surely not rious about her. Shortly afterward, Ophelia is alarmed by Hamlet's strange behaviour, reporting to her father that Hamlet rushed into her room, stared at her, and said nothing. Polonius assumes that the "ecstasy of love"[8] is responsible for Hamlet's "mad" behavior, and he informs Claudius and Gertrude.
Perturbed by Hamlet's continuing deep mourning for his father and his increasingly erratic behavior, Claudius nds for two of Hamlet's acquaintances—Roncrantz and Guildenstern—to find out the cau of Hamlet's changed behavior. Hamlet greets his friends warmly but quickly discerns that they have been nt to spy on him.
Together, Claudius and Polonius convince Ophelia to speak with Hamlet while they cretly listen. When Hamlet enters, she offers to return his remembrances, upon which Hamlet questions her honesty and furiously rants at her to "get thee to a nunnery."[9]
The "gravedigger scene"[10] (Artist: Eugne Delacroix 1839)
Hamlet remains uncertain whether the Ghost has told him the truth, but the arrival of a troupe of actors at Elsinore prents him with a solution. He will have them stage a play, The Murder of Gonzago, re-enacting his father's murder and determine Claudius's guilt or innocence by studying his reaction to it. The court asmbles to watch the play; Hamlet provides an agitated running commentary throughout. When the murder scene is prented, Claudius abruptly ris and leaves the room, which Hamlet es as proof of his uncle's guilt.
Gertrude summons Hamlet to her clot to demand an explanation. On his way, Hamlet pass Claudius in prayer, but hesitates to kill him, reasoning that death in prayer would nd him to heaven. However, it is revealed that the King is not truly praying, remarking that "words" never made it to heaven会计实习总结
without "thoughts."[11] An argument erupts between Hamlet and Gertrude. Polonius, spying on the scene from behind an arras and convinced that the prince's madness is indeed real, panics when it ems as if Hamlet is about to m
urder the Queen and cries out for help. Hamlet, believing it is Claudius hiding behind the arras, stabs wildly through the cloth, killing Polonius. When he realizes that he has killed Ophelia's father, he is not remorful, but calls Polonius "Thou wretched, rash, intruding fool."[12] The Ghost appears, urging Hamlet to treat Gertrude gently, but reminding him to kill Claudius. Unable to e or hear the Ghost herlf, Gertrude takes Hamlet's conversation with it as further evidence of madness.
Claudius, now fearing for his life, finds a legitimate exc关于腊梅的诗句
u to get rid of the prince: he nds Hamlet to England on a diplomatic pretext, accompanied (and cloly watched) by Roncrantz and Guildenstern. Alone, Claudius disclos that he is actually nding Hamlet to his death. Prior to embarking for England, Hamlet hides Polonius's body, ultimately revealing its location to the King. Upon leaving Elsinore, Hamlet encounters the army of Prince Fortinbras en route to do battle in Poland. Upon witnessing so many men going to their death on the brash whim of an impulsive prince, Hamlet declares, "O, from this time forth, / My thoughts be bloody, or be nothing worth!"[13]
At Elsinore, further demented by grief at her father Polonius's death, Ophelia wanders the castle, acting erratically and singing bawdy songs. Her brother, Laertes, returns from France, horrified by his father's death and his sister's madness. She appears briefly to give out herbs and flowers. Claudius convinces Laertes that Hamlet is solely responsible; then news arrives that Hamlet is still alive—a story is spread that his ship was attacked by pirates on the way to England, and he has returned to Denmark. Claudius swiftly concocts a plot to kill his nephew b广东虾饺
ut make it appear to be an accident, taking all of the blame off his shoulders. Knowing of Hamlet's jealousy of Laertes' prowess with a sword, he propos a fencing match between the two. Laertes, enraged at the murder of his father, informs the king that he will further poison the tip of his sword so that a mere scratch would mean certain death. Claudius, unsure that capable Hamlet could receive even a scratch, plans to offer Hamlet poisoned wine if that fails. Gertrude enters to report that Ophelia has drowned.
