专升本英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷2
阅读理解
It is very interesting to note where the debate about diversity(多样化)is taking place. It is taking place primarily in political circles. Here at the College Fund, we have a lot of contact with top corporate(公司的)leaders; none of them is talking about getting rid of tho instruments that produce diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place, diversity is an imperative. They also say that the need for talented, skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees. And in looking at where birth rate are growing and at where the population is shifting, corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promoting policies that help provide skills to more minorities, more women , and more immigrants . Corporate leaders know that if that doesn' t occur in our society, they will not have the engineers, the scientists, the lawyers, or the business managers they will need.
Likewi , I don't hear people in the academy saying, \
1.The word \(D)
A. superficial
B. remarkable
C. debatable
D. esntial
解析：根据文中具体语言环境可知该词的意思为“必需的，不可缺少的”，故选D。
2.Which of the following groups of people still differ in their views on diversity?(B)
A. Minorities.
B. Politicians.
C. Professors.
D. Managers.
解析：根据文中前两句It is very interestingto note where the debate about diversity(多样化)is taking place．It is taking place primarily inpolitical circles．可知对多样化的讨论多发生在政界，所以应该是政客谈论的较多。故选B。
3.High corporate leaders em to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to______.(C)
A. lower the rate of unemployment
B. American political circles will not accept diversity
C. be competitive in the wor电脑优化软件
ld market
D. satisfy the demand of a growing population
解析：根据文中第一段In fact，they say thatif their companies are to compete in the globalvillage and in the global market place，diversity isan imperative．可知公司要在市场上更具竞争力就要注意多样化发展，故C正确。
4.It can be inferred from the passage that______.(A)
A. meritocracy can never be realized without diversity
B. American political circles will not accept diversity
C. It is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U. S. media
D. minorities can only enter the fields where no debate is heard about diversity
解析：根据文中第二段…which was nevertrue——we never had a meritocracy， althoughwe’ve come clor to it in the last 30 years．及后面的Now all of us feel the way is better becauof the diversity．可知选A。
5.According to the passage, diversity can be achieved in American society by______.(D)
A. expanding the pool of potential employees
B. promoting the pool of potential employees
C. training more engineers, scientists, lawyers and business managers
D. providing education for all regardless of race or x
解析：根据文章意思America understandsthat expanding the pool means promoting policiesthat help provide skills to more minorities，morewomen，and more immigrants．因此D为正确选项。
Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of the he puts further questions, and so on.
For most of the time this \
6.Reading as a kind of c梦到涨大水
onversation between the reader and the text becomes conscious only when________.(B)
A. the reader’s expectations agree with what is said in the text
B. the reader has trouble understanding what the author says
C. the reader asks questions and gets answers
D. the reader understands a text very well
解析：文章第二段For most of the time this “conversation” goes on below the level of consciousness．At times，however，we become aware of it．This is usually when we are running into difficulties，when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning．此题的关键是读出at times相当于题目中的when。
7.At a lower level of comprehension, readers tend to________.(D)
A. read a text slowly
B. read without thinking hard
C. interpret a text in their own way
D. concentrate on the meaning of words only
解析：文章第三段Some slay very clo to the words on the page．故选D。
8.A \(A)
A. the application of reading strategies
B. matching our expectations with the meaning of a text
C. the development of our ability to check the details
D. determining the main idea of a text
解析：文中第四段We call this a“process”conversation as oppod to a“content”conversation． It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies(策略)we employ in reading．这里的关键是读出it指代的是process。
9.According to the passage, it is of great importance for readers at a higher level to maintain a balance between________.(C)
A. conscious and unconscious levels of comprehension
B. the readers’ expectations and the meaning of a text
C. lower and higher levels of comprehension
D. interpreting and criticizing a text
解析：文章第三段The latter reprents higher levels of comprehension．The balance between the is important， especially for advanced readers．这里的advanced reader即是题目中的readers at a higher level。
10.If we want to develop our reading ability at an advanced level, we should________.(A)
A. learn to u different approaches in reading different texts
B. make our reading process more conscious
C. pay more attention to the content of a text
D. take a critical attitude towards the author’s ideas
解析：文章最后一段最后一句It is precily this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are eking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level．故A对。
It is very interesting to note where the debate about diversity (多样化) is taking place. It is taking place primarily in political circles. Here at the College Fund, we have a lot of contact with top corporate (公司的) leaders; none of them is talking about getting rid of tho instruments that produce diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place, diversity is an imperative. They also say that the need for talented, skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees. And in looking at where birth rate are growing and at where t
he population is shifting, corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promoting policies that help provide skills to more minorities, more women, and more immigrants . Corporate leaders know that if that doesn't occur in our society, they will not have the engineers, the scientists, the lawyers, or the business managers they will need.
Likewi, I don't hear people in the academy saying, \
11.The word imperative (Para. 1) most probably refers to something______.(D)
A. superficial
B. remarkable
C. debatable
D. esntial
解析：根据文中具体语言环境可知该词的意思为“必需的，不可缺少的”，故选D。
12.Which of the following groups of people still differ in their views on diversity?(B)
A. Minorities.
B. Politicians.
C. Professors.
D. Managers.
解析：根据文中前两句It is very interesting to note where the debate about diversity(多样化)is taking place．It is taking place primarily in political circles．可知对多样化的讨论多发生在政界，所以应该是政客谈论的较多。故选B。
13.High corporate leaders em to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to______.(C)
A. lower the rate of unemployment
B. American political circles will not accept diversity
C. be competitive in the world market
D. satisfy the demand of a growing population
解析：根据文中第一段In fact，they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place，diversity is an imperative．可知公司要在市场上更具竞争力就要注意多样化发展，故C正确。
14.It can be inferred from the passage that______.(A)
A. meritocracy can never be realized without diversity
B. American political circles will not accept diversity
C. It is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U. S. media
D. minorities can only enter the fields where no debate is heard about diversity
解析：根据文中第二段…which was never true—we never had a meritocracy，although we’ve come clor to it in the last 30 years．及后面的Now all of us feel the way is better becau of the diversity．可知选A。
15.According to the passage, diversity can be achieved in American society by______.(D)
A. expanding the pool of potential employees
B. promoting the pool of potential employees
C. training more engineers, scientists, lawyers and business managers
D. providing education for all regardless of race or x
解析：根据文章意思America understands that expanding the pool means promoting policies that help provide skills to more minorities，more women，and more immigrants．因此D为正确选项。
Bacteria are extremely small living things. While we measure our own sizes in inches o天气的词语有哪些
r centimeters , bacterial size is measured in microns . One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter; a pinhead 土地国有制
is about a millimeter across. Rod-shaped bacteria are usually two to four microns long, while rounded ones are generally one micron in diameter. Thus, if you enlarged a rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would be just about the size of a pinhead. An adult human magnified by the same amount would be over a mile(1.6 kilometers)tall.
Even with an ordinary microscope, you must look cloly to e bacteria. Using a magnification of 100 times, one finds that bacteria are barely visible as tiny rods or dots. One cannot make out anything of their structure. Using special stains, one can e that some bacteria have attached to them wavy-looking \
16.Which of the following is true according to the passage?(A)
A. Rod-shaped bacteria are generally larger than rounded ones.
B. If we enlarged a rod-shaped bacterium a thousand times, it would still be smaller than a pinhead.
C. If one ud a microscope with a magnification of 100 times, he can e the structure o
f a bacterium clearly.
D. Water molecules move so quickly that a bacterium can not move in the water.
解析：根据文中第一段“Rod—shaped bacteriaare usually two to four microns long，whilerounded ones are generally one micron indiameter”，可明显得出rod-shaped bacteria比rounded bacteria要大，故A正确。
17.According to the passage, one who examines bacteria with an ordinary microscope, using a magnification of 100 times will e______.(A)
A. tiny rods
B. stains
C. wavy-looking hairs
D. detailed structures
解析：根据文中第二段前两句“Using amagnification of 100 times，one finds that bacteriaare barely visible as tiny rods or dots”，故选A。
18.The environment around bacteria is always changing becau______.(A)
A. molecules around bacteria move very fast
B. the water is as thick as molass
C. there is a large number of molecules around bacteria
D. new bacteria always replace the old ones
解析：根据文章第三段“Molecules move sorapidly that within a tenth of a cond themolecules around a bacterium have all beenreplaced by new ones”，故选A。
19.The author compares water to molass in order to show______.(A)
A. how difficult it is for bacteria to move through the water
B. how different the bacterial world is from the human world
C. how the water molecules work
D. what different bacteria one liquid contains from another
解析：由文章第三段前三句可知作者将水比作糖浆是为了说明“水对于细菌来说就相当于糖浆对于人类一样稠，所以细菌在水中运动起来就很困难”，故选A。
20.The relationship between a bacterium and its flagella is most similar to which of the following?(D)
A. A flag attached to a stick.
B. A cowboy on the cow’ s back.
C. A door clod by a naughty boy.
D. A boat pushed by the motor.
解析：根据文章第二段最后几句“…somebacteria have attached to them wavy—looking‘hairs’called flagella…The flagella rotate，pushing the bacteria through the water．”可知D更确切。
Psychology and sociology are both categorized as social sciences, and both study human behavior. However, psychology is the study of individual behavior, whereas sociology is the study of group behavior.
Psychology deals with the possible problems an individual might have in social interaction with other individuals, but the main concern of sociology is the ways that different societies with different cultures deal with each other.
Sociology asks and tries to answer questions like the: why does one society progress rapidly and another one remain primitive for centuries? What is the main reason for revolution in a society? What is the role of religion or art in a society?
Psychology asks and tries to answer questions like the; why does an individual adapt easily to a changing environment and another individual become mentally disturbed? What are the caus of antisocial behavior? W答案杨坤
hat role does religion or art play in an individual's mental and emotional life?
Psychology and sociology often work together in their study of human behavior. It is assumed that by better understanding individual motivation and behavior, more will be learned about group motivation and behavior. The rever is also assumed: if scientists can learn more about social groups, they will learn more about individuals.
21.What would be an appropriate title for this passage?(A)
A. Psychology and Sociology
B. Individual and Group
C. Human Behavior Study
D. Main Concerns of Social Sciences
解析：文章第一段讲了心理学和社会学的定义及区别，第二段重点讲社会学，第三段重点讲心理学，最后一段讲两者之间的合作互利。故A对。
22.Which of the following questions is the concern of psychology?(C)
A. What is the role of religion or art in a society?
B. What is the main reason for revolution in a society?
C. What are the caus of antisocial behavior?
D. Why does one society progress more rapidly than another?
解析：文章第三段Psychology asks and tries to answer questions like the：…What are the caus of antisocial behavior?讲的都是心理学所涉猎的内容，所以选C。A、B、D项所述都是社会学研究的内容。
23.Ac护士图片大全
cording to the author, ________.(A)
A. psychology and sociology benefit from each于部首
other’s rearch
B. too much emphasis on psychology may cau social problems
C. the study of group behavior is the interest of psychologists
D. different societies with different cultures cannot get along well
解析：由文章的第四段Psychology and sociolo万千星辉贺台庆
gy often wo飘浮的反义词
rk together in their study of human behavior…及其后面的内容可知，研究个体对团体的行为研究有利，而研究团体也
对个体的行为研究有利。因此选A。
24.A word which can take the place of \(C)
A. conquence
B. result
C. opposite
D. implication
解析：由文章最后一段最后两句It is assumed that by better understanding individual motivation and behavior，more will be learned about group motivation and behavior．The rever is also assumed：if scientists can learn more about social groups，they will learn more about individuals．可知，这两句讲的是相互对立的两个方面，故rever前后假设的条件和结果正好相反。故C对。
25.Which of the following statements is NOT true?(B)
A. Both psychology and sociology study human behavior.
B. Mental problems should be dealt with by a sociologist.
C. Sociology is the study of group behavior.
D. Psychology pays more attention to individuals than to groups.
解析：文章第一段psychology is the study of individua劳的成语
l behavior，whereas sociology is the study of group behavior和Psychology deals with the possible problems an individual might have in social interaction with other individuals可知A、C、D正确，mental problem是psychology所研究的对象，故选B。
