Recognition and Referral of General Medical Conditions
I. The Skin
A. Skin infections
1. Bacterial infections
a. Abscess
1) Localized infection that appears as a collection of pus
2) Characterized by local tissue destruction and edema
b. Acne vulgaris
1) Commonly en in adolescents
2) Heredity disorder of the hair follicles and oil glands
3) Results in blackheads, cysts, and pustules
c. Carbuncle
1) Staphylococcus-bad infection
2) Commonly found on the back of the neck
d. Cellulitis
1) Inflammation of the soft tissue or connective tissue
2) Most frequently caud by streptococci or staphylococci
3) Affects areas of reduced resistance following injury or trauma
e. Folliculitis
1) Inflammation of the hair follicle
2) Hair reenters the skin and a pustule develops
f. Furunculosis
1) Boil
2) Localized infection of a hair follicle
g. Impetigo
1) Is highly contagious, especially in young children
韩式发辫2) Begins as pustules that rupture and crust over
3) Most commonly occurs on the head and face
2. Viral skin infections
a. Molluscum contagiosum
1) Characterized by small, round, flesh-colored papular lesions
2) Occurs commonly on the face, trunk, axilla, perineum, and thigh
b. Herpes simplex
1) Characterized by an eruption of groups of vesicles
2) Tends to become reactivated and reappear with stress or fever
3) Herpes virus I occurs on the lips and around the no
4) Herpes virus II occurs on the genitalia
c. Herpes zoster
四川地震图片1) Is associated with two dias, chickenpox and shingles
2) Chickenpox is characterized by lesions that begin as macules and progress to fluid-filled vesicles occurring most often on the trunk
3) Shingles is a viral infection that affects the posterior nerve roots and dorsal ganglion and is characterized by pain and vesicles that erupt along the inflamed nerve's cutaneous distribution
d. Verruca plantaris
1) Plantar wart
2) Results in hypertrophy and thickening of the epidermis layers
中翻英3) Occurs on the bottom of the foot
e. Verruca vulgaris
progress可数吗1) Common wart
2) Caud by a papilloma virus
3) Occurs in areas of frequent trauma or infection
4) Shows sharp demarcation and some elevation
3. Fungal skin infections
a. Ringworm
1) Fungus that appears on the scalp, trunk, and upper extremities
2) Also known as tinea corporis
the day3) Lesion is a well-defined ringlike eruption with red or brown plaques and a raid border
b. Tinea capitis crush什么意思
1) Is a highly contagious ringworm infection typically en in children
2) Affects the scalp
c. Tinea cruris
1) "Jock itch"
2) Affects the groin
3) Has ringworm appearance and can cau itching, scaling, and cracking
d. Tinea pedis
1) Athlete's foot
2) Skin appears red, scaly, and cracking
e. Tinea versicolor
1) Noncontiguous ringworm infection affects the horny layers of the skin and hair follicles
2) Yeast fungal infection starts as salmon colored and then turns either white or brown
4. Parasitic skin infections
a. Pediculosis
1) Infection of the skin caud by lice
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2) Pediculosis capitis-head lice
3) Pediculosis corporis-the body lou
4) Pediculosis pubis-the crab lou
b. Scabies
1) Caud by the itch mite
2) Female burrows into the skin and deposits eggs
3) Hatched larvae accumulate around the hair follicles
4) Common sites include the interdigital spaces of the hands, axilla, trunk, and genital regions
B. Inflammatory conditions
1. Dermatitis
a. Inflammation of the skin
b. Contact dermatitis is a delayed reaction to direct contact with an allergen
c. Characterized by erythema, edema, itching, and vesiculations
2. Eczema
a. Chronic dermatitis
b. Characterized by scaling, erythematous, edematous, papular, vesicular, crusty skin
3. Psoriasisbreeding
a. Chronic condition of unknown etiology
b. Exhibits eruptions on the extensor surfaces of the extremities, especially the elbow, knee, back, and scalp
C. Environmental exposures
1. Hives
a. Urticariadramaqueen
b. Dermal hypernsitivity reaction to an allergen
c. Wheal formation occurs on the skin
2. Frostbite
a. Local tissue destruction conquent to exposure to cold
b. Results in freezing of the superficial and possibly deeper tissue layers
3. Sunburn
a. Overexposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays
b. Characterized by redness, pain, itching, and incread heat of the skin
D. Other lesions
1. Blisters
a. Separation of the skin's dermis and epidermis layers caud by heat buildup from friction
b. Fluid fills the area
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