工商管理英语
(以下内容均为text A的课后题答案）graphite
Unit1
一、
调整，整理coordinate
日语书籍关系，关联Relationship
处理，操作，操纵manipulate
为。。。配备职员；任职于staff
决策，决定decision
Strategy策略生活用品英文
Contract合同
Supervisory监督
performance性能
profit利润
executive directors执行董事
top manager高级经理
human capital人力资本
internal auditors 内审员
英汉字典在线翻译
branch manager 分公司经理
二、
1. A manager's job is complex and multidimensional, and requires a range of skills
经理的工作是复杂和多维的，需要一系列的技能
2. Conceptual skills are needed by all managers but are especially important for managers at the top.
所有管理者都需要概念技能，但对高层管理者尤为重要
3. One of the most important goals that organizations and their members try to achieve is to provide some kind of good or rvice that customers desire.
组织及其成员努力实现的最重要的目标之一是提供客户所期望的某种商品或服务
4. The outcome of leadership is highly motivated and committed organizational members.
领导的结果是高度激励和忠诚的组织成员
5. The controlling function allows managers to evaluate how well they themlves are performing the other three functions of management and to take corrective action.
控制功能允许管理人员评估他们自己执行管理的其他三个功能的情况，并采取纠正措施
scute6. In reality, being a manager often involves acting emotionally and relying on gut feelings.
在现实中，作为一名经理常常需要感情用事，依靠直觉
7. Organizations increa their efficiency when they reduce the quantity of resources they u to produce goods or rvices.
当组织减少用于生产产品或服务的资源数量时，它们就提高了效率
8. Today, companies can win or lo the competitive race depending on their speed-how fast they can bring new products to market-or their flexibility-how easily they can change the way they perform their activities to respond to the actions of their competitors.
今天，公司在竞争中的成败取决于他们的速度——他们将新产品推向市场的速度有多快——或者他们的灵活性——他们改变自己活动的方式以应对竞争对手的行动有多容易
9. Managers u conceptual, human, and technical skills to perform the four management functions of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling in all organizations.
管理人员使用概念、人力和技术技能来执行所有组织规划、组织、领导和控制的四个管理职能
10.Quick, immediate reactions to situations rather than deliberate thought and reflection are an important aspect of managerial action
迅速、立即对局势作出反应而不是蓄意的思考和反思是管理行动的一个重要方面
三、
Organization performance is a measure of how efficiently and effectively managers u resources to satisfy customers and achieve organizational goals. Organizational performance increas in direct proportion to increas in efficiency and effectiveness. Efficiency is a measure of how well or how productively resources are ud to achieve a goal. Effectiveness is a measure of the appropriateness of the goals that managers have lected for the organization to pursue, and of the degree to which the organization achieves tho goals.
组织绩效是衡量管理者如何高效、有效地利用资源满足客户和实现组织目标的指标。组织绩效直接增加 提高效率和效力。效率是衡量如何有效地或如何有效地利用资源来实现一个目标。有效性是衡量适当性的尺度。 管理人员为组织选择了哪些目标，以及组织在多大程度上实现了这些目标。
翻译行业
Unit2
below反义词一、
（借出的）贷款，借出 loan
偿还，报答 repay
里程碑,重要事件,转折点Milestone专利权,执照
衡量标准,基准 benchmark
保证,保证书,担保,抵押品 guarantee
估价,评价,计算. valuation
投资 investment
因素,要素 factor
股东 stakeholder
investment return 投资回报
decision-making tool 决策工具
equity financing 资本筹措，股本融资，发行股票筹资
elevator pitch 电梯推销，电梯游说
strategic partner 战略伙伴
二、
1. With a low-cost strategy, managers try to drive the organization's costs down below the costs of its rivals
通过低成本战略，管理者试图将组织的成本降低到低于竞争对手的成本
2. Formulating strategies is the job of managers at the corporate, business, and functional levels.制定战略是公司、业务和职能层经理的工作
3. Although goals should be challenging, they should be realistic
虽然目标应该是具有挑战性的，但它们应该是现实的
4. In the fast-changing market where customers' needs change and evolve, companies must learn to define and redefine their business to satisfy tho needs.
在快速变化的市场中，客户的需求不断变化和演变，公司必须学会定义和重新定义他们的业务，以满足这些需求
5. A plan helps coordinate managers of the different functions and divisions of an organization to ensure that they all pull in the same direction
计划有助于协调组织中不同职能和部门的经理，以确保他们都朝着同一个方向努力拉丁语词典
6. Organizations that successfully pursue a differentiation strategy may be able to charge a premium price for their products.
成功地追求差异化战略的组织可以为他们的产品收取溢价
7.Both the differentiating strategy and the low-cost strategy are aimed at rving many or most gments of a particular market.
anyway是什么意思
差异化战略和低成本战略的目标都是服务于特定市场的许多或大部分细分市场
8. Makes SWOT analysis is an integral part of the planning process
使SWOT分析成为规划过程中不可或缺的一部分
9. Each organizational function has an important role to play in the process of lowering costs or adding value to a product.
每个组织功能在降低成本或增加产品价值的过程中都扮演着重要的角色。
masffect
10. If customers e more value in one organization's products than in the products of its competitors, they may be willing to pay premium prices.
