英语动词不定式语法知识点归纳总结

更新时间:2023-08-09 06:49:10 阅读: 评论:0

英语动词不定式语法知识点归纳总结
bullshit什么意思中文动词不定式
ideal是什么意思
身份证查四六级考向一不定式的作用
1. 作主语:不定式作主语时,谓语用单数。往往用it 作形式主语,把不定式放在谓语后面。
It took us two hours to finish the job.telecaster
2. 作宾语(1)动词 +不定式。
☞He managed to escape from the fire.
俞敏洪演讲☞I find it hard to get along with him. (it 作形式宾语)
(2)动词+疑问词+to,"特殊疑问句+不定式"相当于名词,作宾语。
☞I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.
不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后,用it 作形式宾语。
☞I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.
3. 作宾语补足语
(1)动词 +宾语 +不定式( to do )。
☞He warned me to be careful.
注意:可以用动词不定式作宾补的动词有:ask, tell, order, want, get, would like,like, advi, invite, allowhelp, wish, warn, expect, would prefer, encourage。
(2)表见解、看法的动词结构可为:动词+宾语+ to be 的不定式结构。
☞We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.
The book is believed to be uful.(被动语态)
(3)There +不定式。
We didn’t expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。
(4)在动词 feel (一感), hear, listen to(二听), have, let, make(三让), notice, e, watch, obrve, look at(五看) (即:吾看三室两厅一感觉 )等后面的补足语中,不定式不带 to,但变为被动语态后,必须带 to。
☞They saw the boy fall off the tree.
(5)help后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带to,也可以不带to。
☞I often help him (to) clean the room.
pto☞I helped him (to) find his things.
4. 作定语
不定式作定语,修饰名词或代词,不定式和它所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系、动状关系、同位关系或动宾关系。不定式通常要放在这些被修饰的词后。
I have a lot of work to do.(动宾关系)
alternativesHe is looking for a room to live in.(动状关系)
He is the first person to think of the idea.(主谓关系)
He has got a chance to go abroad.(同位关系)
5. 作状语
作状语,表示目的、结果、原因等,有时还有一些固定搭配的不定式短语,如in order to,so as to, so... as to, as to, enough to, 等。
fragmentedout of(1)作目的状语, just to, only to(仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)... (如此……以便……)
trilogy
☞He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
(2)作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面。
☞He hurried to the post office only to find it was clod.
(3)作原因状语。
☞We were very excited to hear the news.
(4)作条件状语。
☞To turn to the left, you could find a post office.
6. 作表语
不定式可放在be动词后面,构成表语。
☞The question is how to put it into practice.
考向二 不定式的时态和语态
1. 不定式的时态
(1)现在时:有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
☞He ems to know this.
(2)完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

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