2021年高考英语全国I卷阅读C篇答案解析与译文
一、试题
When the explorers first t foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of the precious natural resources wily. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the ttlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of the resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and hou the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (愈加迁徙) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purcha and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roovelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conrvation Fund to purcha wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purcha more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conrvation programs ever initiated.
28. What was a cau of the waterfowl population decline in North America?
A. Loss of wetlands. B. Popularity of water sports.
C. Pollution of rivers. D. Arrival of other wild animals.
29. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Acquire. B. Export.
C. Destroy. D. Distribute.
30. What is a direct result of the Act pasd in 1934?
A. The stamp price has gone down. B. The migratory birds have flown away.
C. The hunters have stopped hunting. D. The government has collected money.
31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story B. The National Wildlife Refuge System
C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
二、解析
本文是说明文，介绍了美国鸭票，从鸭票诞生背景、具体内容和影响三个方面进行了阐述。
28couple题详解：A
custo（1）细节理解题（北美水禽数量下降的原因是什么？）
（2）定位要精准：
1）本文只有三段，对应四道题。
这种情况，要先看最后一题是否是对全文的考查，若是，则文中三段对三题，常常是一对一，且题文同序。
若不是，则需再看第一题，同样看其是否是对全文的考查，应用原理同上。
本文最后一题考查标题，属主旨大意题，是对全文的考查。所以基本判定前三题与文中三段一一对应，故28题定位第一段。
2）研读第一段：
本段有5句话，除第三句有Unfortunately（“很不幸的是”，它也是表转折关系的标志词），别处无任何连词，这说明前两句可跳过不读，重点是后三句。
3）根据题干中的“decline”与本段最后一句中的“reducing”是同义词，可以确定最后一句就是答案所在处。
（3）最后一句的意思是“为了解决不断增长的人口的吃住问题，数百万英亩的湿地被抽干，用作农地或修建住房，极大地减少了水禽的栖息地。”
（4）看选项：A.湿地丧失。 B.水上运动的普及。 C.河流污染。 D. 什么是美容其他野生动物的到来。
（5）根据上面的分析，可以得出答案为A。
29题详解：C
（1）词义猜测题（一段出两题，organization是什么意思这种情况是很少的。）
（2）根据该句句首的Unfortunately，可以断定本句表达的内容是负面信息，是指不好的事情。
（3）Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the ttlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of the resources.
本句使用了固定句型“It took sb. some time to do sth”，句中who followed是定语从句，修饰the ttlers.
（4）该句意为：不幸的是，仅仅几十年，探险家和随后而来的定居者们就 ________了这些资源的大部分。
（5）看选项：A. Acquire获得；B. Export出口；C. Destroybuo破坏；D. Distributensible分配。
（6）根据上面的分析，可以得出答案为C。
30题详解：D
（1）推理判断题（1934年通过的法案的直接结果是什么？）
（2）定位要精准：
1）由于31题是对全文的考查，故30题对应2、3两段。
2）由题干中的in 1934可以定位到第二段，但由题干中的the result可以定位到第三段。所以第二段跳过不读，直接看第三段。
3）第三段三句话，通过扫读，可以看出前两句都和钱相关，而且通过第三句中的the most successful说明结果一定是好的，所以选择D。
4）如果仍不敢确认，可细读下第二句：Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purcha more than 5 million acres of habitat. 自1934年以来，已有超过5亿美元的资金投入该基金会，用于购买超过500万英亩的栖息地。
5）再看下选项：
A.邮票价格下跌了。（此选项已经脱离了文章的环保主题，故排除。）
B.候鸟已经飞走了。（这是不好的事情，与最后一句中的the most successful基调相反，故排除。）
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C.狩猎者已经停止打猎了。（与第二段最后一句“Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources. 为了保护自然资源的生存，狩猎者都愿意掏钱购买鸭票”矛盾，故排除。）
D.政府已经募集到钱了。
31题详解：A
（1）主旨大意题（选标题。）
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（2）这类题都要综合看全文，概括每段的段意，找出行文线索。
（3）第一段根据Unfortunately可知，出现了问题：水禽数量骤降。
第二段就是如何解决问题：发行了美国鸭票，既满足了狩猎者的需求，同时又募集到了保护水禽所需的钱。
第三段就是结果如何：文中最后一句更是点睛之笔（Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conrvation programs ever initiated. 难怪联邦鸭票计划被称为有史以来最成功的保护计划之一。）
（4）全文从鸭票诞生背景、具体内容和影响三个方面介绍了美国鸭票，故选A。
三、译文
当探险家们第一次踏上北美洲大陆时，天空和大地上充满了各种各样的野生动物。美洲土著人明智地保护了这些宝贵的自然资源。不幸的是，仅仅几十年，探险家和随后而来的定居者们就破坏了这些资源的大部分。许多以狩猎为生的人（market hunters），还有一小部分过于野心勃勃的体育运动爱好者，杀死了数百万只水禽。为了解决不断增长的人口的吃住问题，数百万英亩的湿地被抽干，用作农地或修建住房，极大地减少了水禽的栖息地。
>viper是什么
