Chapter 4 Feudal England
Teaching Aims
To master the periods of Norman Kings
To master the Hundred Year’s War and War of Ros
Details
Consolidation of Monarchy
William the Conqueror
William Rufus
panels
Henry I
Stephen
Henry II (of Anjou)
Conflict between King and Church
Thomas Becket:
Archbishop of the Canterbury: the title of the religious head of the Church of England.
Apart from administering his province of Canterbury, he is also the head of the worldwide fellowship of Anglican Churches. He plays a major role in state ceremonies, crowning the sovereign and acting as the sovereign’s spiritual advir.
The Canterbury Tales (c. 1387): Geoffrey Chaucer’s masterpiece t in a London inn. It consists of short stories, told to each other by various pilgrims from all social class on their way to Canterbury.
The Great Charter & the Beginning of Parliament
Eleanor (1122 – 1204): the daughter of the Duke of Aquitaine. She was married at the age of 15 to Louis VII of France who was profoundly religious. Eleanor was beautiful and
gay. She complained that she married a monk not a king. In 1152 she married Henry of Anjou (Henry II).
Richard I (1157-99): the king of Lion heart
gowestThe Crusades (1095-1291)
John (1167-1216): called the king of lack of land, the youngest son of Henry II. He tried to take the crown from his brother, Richard I, when Richard was a prisoner of the Emperor of Austria. He was forced to sign the Great Charter at Runnymede in 1215.
Runnymede: a meadow on the S. bank of the Thames
What were the chief contents of the Great Charter?
Henry III (1207-72): He succeeded his father, John, in 1216. His quarrel with the barons led to the Baron’s War, during which he was captured by Simon (1264)
The Great Council got its new name Parliament in 1265, which is usually considered the
beginning of the parliament. The parliament became a regular agency of the government under Edward I.
Edward I (1239-1307): son of Henry III. His parliament was known as the Model Parliament. He conquered Wales in 1282-4. He made his son, Edward II, the first Prince of Wales in English history.
Hundred Year’s War
spent The Hundred Year’s War refers to the war between England and France that lasted intermittently from 1337 to 1453.
Several other contemporary European conflicts were directly related to this conflict : the Breton War of Succession（布列塔尼继承战）, the Castilian Civil War（卡斯蒂利亚内战）, the War of the Tow Peters（双彼得斯战役）, and the 1383~1385 Crisis. The term “Hundred Years’ War” was a later term invented by historians to describe the ries of events.
The caus of the war
♠ The territorial caus:
The posssion by the English kings of the large duchy （公爵领地）in France, while the French coveted（觊觎） this large slice
Edward III (1312-77): son of Edward II, who mother was a sister of the French King, Philip IV.
Salic Law: 萨利克继承法
♠ The economic caus :
dvd rw
The cloth manufacturing town in Flanders, which were the importer of English wool, but they were loyal to the France king politically.
Flanders: a region in W Belgium, and the adjacent parts of N. France and SW Netherlands.
夹子
♠ The other caus:
England’s desire to stop France from giving aid to Scotland; A growing n of English nationalism
The phas of the war
The Edwardian War爱德华时期(1337------1360)
The Caroline War卡罗琳战争时期(1360-----1400)
The Lancastrian War该兰克斯特战争时期(1415----1429)
The Joan of Arc圣女贞德时期(1429------1453)
queryThe Black Death(1348~1350)
The Black Death is the modern name given to the deadly epidemic（流行的） dia spread by rat fleas across Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England in the su
mmer of 1348. It reduced England’s population from 4million to 2 million by the end of the 14th.
England and France were forced to stop the war about ten years becau of the Black Death. But the economic conquences of the Black Death were far-reaching ,it can be argued that the Black Death was to lead to the Peasants Revolt.
鼠疫导致了劳动力极度匮乏。存活下来的农民处于有利的讨价还价地位，想从农奴变为雇佣劳动力。于是一些不愿支付较高工资的地主想方设法迫使农民返回农奴的地位。1351年政府颁布“增长率英文劳工法令”，规定农民涨工资的要求或者雇主支付比地方制定的工资水平要高的工资都是犯罪。
说服性演讲
农民们积怨已久，最终导致了1381年农民起义的爆发。
sitting down here
The Peasants Uprising of 1318
Armed villages and townsmen of Kent and Esx, led by Wat Tyler and Jack Straw, moved on London in June,1381. The king was forced to accept their demands. Most of th
e rebel disperd (背景调查怎么做散开)and went home, while Tyler and other leaders stayed on for more rights. Tyler was killed at a meeting with the king.
